Annals of Sandy Spring ... history of a rural community in Maryland

\

b

w

"3

•

Annals of Sandy Spring

OK

TWELVE YEARS HISTORY

OF

A Rural Community in Maryland

VOLUflE II

BALTIMORE:

THOMAS & EVANS
1902.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1902, by

ELIZA N. MOORE,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, Washington, D. C

Dedicated to the memory of my former teacher,
friend and predecessor, William Henry Farquhar,
who at the end of twenty years service as neighbor-
hood historian requested that I should continue this
record.

FXIZA N. MOORE.

Norwood, 1902.

f

«C

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2008 with funding from

Microsoft Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/annalsofsandyspr02farq

PREFACE

The friend, without whose persistent effort these
notes had remained stowed away, with other molder-
ing relics of bygone days, believes a preface abso-
lutely necessary to the second volume of Sandy Spring
Annals. An old saying declares, "She who excuses
herself, accuses herself," but the present time and page
are the historian's sole opportunity to crave a gentle
judgment of what was compiled for the annual meet-
ings of our Lyceum Company ; gatherings composed
almost exclusively of her friends and neighbors. That
the every-day happenings of our people and place can
be of interest or value to strangers is unlikely.

As a faithful, if halting, record of the joys and
sorrows of many near and dear to the compiler, she
trusts they and their children may be, "to- its faults a
little blind, and to its virtues very kind," since she
has not knowingly "aught extenuated nor aught set
down in malice."

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

From Fourth Month, 1883, to Fourth Month, 1884.

Excursion to Luray — Plainfield House destroyed by fire —
Postal Telegraph line completed — Friends' Sherwood
Schoolhouse built — ■Obituaries of Mary Ann Kinnard,
Samuel Scott, Fennel Palmer, Edward Stabler, Eliza
Kirk, Caleb Stabler, Eliza Stabler, Fanny S. Lea and
Alban Gilpin. Page 1

CHAPTER II.

From Fourth Month, 1S84, to Fourth Month, 1885.

Earthquake felt generally through Sandy Spring — Golden
Weddings of Robert R. and Hadassah J. Moore, and
William Henry and Margaret B. Farquhar — Lectures
by the Hon. Alonza Bell, Francis Thomas and Miss
Phoebe Cozzens — Ednor postoffice established — Obitu-
aries of Henry Brooke, Dr. Artemus Biggs, Benjamin
D. Palmer, jr., Anne T. Kirk, Anna Miller, Agnes H.
Bentley and Samuel A. Janney — Beminiscences of Wil-
liam John Thomas and Mahlon Chandlee. Page 30

CHAPTER III.

From Fourth Month, 1885, to Fourth Month, 1886.

Mr. and Mrs. Warwick P. Miller and four children go to
Europe — Louis E. McComas lectured — Locust year —
Sunderland P. Gardener visited Sandy Spring — Disap-
pearance of Philip Haviland — Local option petition
signed by 3,850 names, presented to the Legislature
by Delegate Philip D. Laird — A National College to
educate farmers — Obituaries of Mrs. B. D. Waters and
Anna L. Moore. Page 54

xiv CONTENTS.

CHAPTER IV.

From April, 1886 to April, 1887.

Rebecca Russell's hundredth birthday — Hall built by
Brighton Grange — Poor crops — Large convention of
farmers at Lyceum — Library built — Obituaries of
Sarah B. Stabler, Patience H. Leggett, James S. Hal-
lowell, Mary B. Hall, William Henry Farquhar, 'Wil-
liam L. Kinnard and Benjamin H. Murry. Page 76

CHAPTER V.

From Fourth Month, 1887, to Fourth Month, 1888.

Baseball and Excursions — Long, cold winter — Terrible
blizzard, roads blocked — Moncure D. Conway and Mrs.
Zeralda Wallace lectured — Five railroads projected —
Obituaries of Mary Wetherald, Francis Miller and
Elizabeth Fowler. " Page 100

CHAPTER VI.

From Fourth Month, 1888, to Fourth Month, 1889.

Barn and outbuildings burned at Belmont — George Ken-
nan, Moncure D. Conway and the Bev. J. S. Kieffer
lectured — Many transfers of property — Obituaries of
Henry Pierce, Sallie Lea, Mary L. Roberts. Mrs. Wash-
ington B. Chichester, Mary Lea Stabler. Elma Paxon,
John H. Strain, Sarah B. Farquhar, William S. Bond,
Margaret B. Farquhar, Rebecca Russell and Deborah
Brooke. Page 122

CHAPTER VII,
From Fourth Month, 1SS9, to Fourth Month, 1S90.

Ashton Postoffice established — Johnstown flood — Dr.
Francis Thomas and family went to Europe — Post-
office established at Holland's Corner and named
Norwood — Very warm winter — Obituaries of Allan
Bowie Davis, Helen Bentlej Lea, jr., Rebecca Hidings,
Albert Chandlee, Joseph Paxon, Mary Ellicott Thom-
as, William Miles, Catherine Bowie. Roger Brooke
Thomas, Richard T. Bentley, Uriah B. Kirk, Mahlon
Chandler and WTm. Summers Osborn. Page 155

CONTENTS. xv

CHAPTER VIII.

From Fourth Month, 1890, to Fourth Month, 1891.

Henry Stanley Newman, of England, lectured on India —
Visit from Mrs. James A. Garfield to Fair Hill — First
business meeting' of Friends in joint session, held in
the meeting-house at Sandy Spring- — John D. Mac-
Pherson lectured — Obituaries of Kay Miller, John
Marsh Smith, Henry Stabler, Eliza Palmer Griffith,
Elizabeth Hopkins, Dorcas Pnmphrey, Eobert Sulli-
van, Orlando Ilutton and Washington W. Owens.

Page 189

CHAPTER IX.

From Fourth Month, 1891, to Fourth Month, 1892.

Visit from Susan B. Anthonj^ — Gold diggers appeared at
P>rooke Meadow — Percy M. Reese lectured on Rome,
and George Kennan on Vagabond Life in Eastern
Europe — Ellen Farquhar and Rebecca T. Miller went
to Europe — Obituaries of Deborah A. Lea, Edward
Lea, Caroline Roberts, Thomas L. Moore, Kate C.
Elbrey, Warwick M. Brooke, Mary Annis Stabler, Mary
G. Tyson, Annie E. Hartshorne, Rachel E. Gilpin and
Elizabeth J. Holland. Page 216

CHAPTER X.

From Fourth Month, 1892, to Fourth Month, 1893.

Prof. E. J. Loomis and President Gilman, of the Johns
Hopkins University, lectured — Bicycles appeared —
Golden Wedding of Charles G. and Jane T. Porter —
Large excursion to Sugar Loaf Mountain— Philip Stab-
lers barn burned — Obituaries of Mary M. Miller,
Sarah Ann Gilpin, Cornelia Strain, B. Gilpin Stabler,
Samuel Hopkins, Richard T. Kirk and Mary H.
Chandlee. Page 249

xvi CONTEXTS.

CHAPTER XL

From Fourth Month, 1S93, to Fourth Month, 1894.

One hundred and forty persons from Sandy Spring visit
the World's Fair, at Chicago — S. Stanley Brown and
the Rev. J. T. Kieffer lectured — Extracts from min-
utes of the Senior Club of 1844 — Obituaries of Sallie
Pleasants Brooke, Marcella Sullivan, Mary H. Brooke,
Louise Tennant Miller, Elisha John Hall, Louise P.
Nesbitt, Edith D. Bentley, Guion Miller, jr., and Mar-
garet Miller. Page 284

CHAPTER XII.

From Fourth Month, 1S94, to Fourth Month, 1895.

Telephone Company organized — Invasion of Coxey's army
— Damage and suffering from snow-storm — Mrs.
George Kennan lectured on her Russian experiences
— Doctors' Club formed — Obituaries of Joseph Weth-
erald. Elizabeth Gilpin. Stephen L. F. Holland, William
M. Thompson and Gideon Gilpin. Page 316

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

CHAPTER I.

From Fourth Month, 1S83, to Fourth Month, 1884.

Excursion to Luray — Pladnfield House destroyed by fire —
Postal Telegraph line completed — Friends' Sherwood
School-house built — Obituaries of Mary Ann Kinnard,
Samuel Scott, Pennel Palmer, Edward Stabler, Eliza
Kirk, Caleb Stabler, Eliza Stabler, Fanny S. Lea and
Albam Gilpin.

I find myself in a position without a precedent ;
women have been poets and authoresses, they have
occupied wisely and well, the pulpit, the stage, the
rostrum, even the stump, but in all the world they have
never been Historians, they have invariably left that
task to the sterner sex.

Coming as I do, after one who has so long and so
acceptably filled this office, I can only ask your for-
bearance and implore your clemency, for all short-
comings and mistakes.

The first weeks of Fourth month, 1883, were cold,
stormy and uneventful, the almanac proclaimed the
springtime, but not one green leaf or balmy southern
wind confirmed the date.

On the Sixteenth of Fourth month, Mary Ann,

2 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

wife of William Kinnard, died after a brief illness, at
the advanced age of eighty-one years.

Of a singularly unselfish, and self sacrificing dispo-
sition, her ministrations to her family, ceased only
with her life, and when quite speechless and on the
verge of dissolution, her last thought and care was
for those around her. She was buried on the after-
noon of the 17th, first of the many who were laid in
the old graveyard during the year.

Fourth month, 24th. A large delegation went to
the Temperance Alliance in Baltimore, showing by
their presence and interest a support of a cause,
which is assuredly the foundation of all social and
political reform. Temperance meetings have been
held here through the year with good effect, and the
"Mutual Fire Insurance Company" has refused to in-
sure any building where liquors are sold. Thus Sandy
Spring presses forward in condemnation of the great
evil of the day.

On fifth month, 6th, at the residence of his daugh-
ter Caroline, died Samuel Scott in his ninetieth year,
retaining to extreme old age, his habits of industry.
He was buried on the afternoon of the 7th.

On the Eighteenth of 5th month, a new barn was
raised at Mt. Airy. The neighbors generally were in
attendance, and some of the largest and finest timbers
ever used in this section were successfully placed in
position.

Fifth month, 31st. Anna Parker, daughter of
Henry T. and Helen Bentley Lea, was born.

As if to compensate for a tardy spring, all the lavish-
ness of summer came on in early June, the trees were

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 3

laden with unusual bloom, the grass crowded up as
though there wasn't room for every blade to grow at
once, still, with all this silent activity, Dame Nature
did not quite make up for oversleeping herself in
April, the season was ten days late.

Sixth month, 9th, 10th and nth, our quarterly
meeting held its sessions, not a very large attendance,
but a pleasant gathering of friends. Many who were
not members also added by their presence to our
social pleasure, at that time.

Seventh month, was one of extraordinary toil to the
farmers, owing to an unusual amount of rain, and
sudden showers, that would scatter the laborers and
drench the loads coming from the fields. It was only
with much extra exertion that the large crops were
secured, labor was scarce, but the persistent throb
of machinery was substituted as far as possible for
hands, and thirteen self-binders were working in our
neighborhood, three of which were newly purchased.

Seventh month, 17th. As if some malign influence
was abroad, four accidents occurred in our midst, the
most serious happening to Mr. Robert Abert, who
was thrown from his vehicle at Plainfield and badly
injured.

Seventh month, 20th. Pennel Palmer died in Balti-
more, at the residence of his son, in his eighty-ninth
year, buried from Sandy Spring Meeting House on
1st day the 226..

Seventh month, 23d. Florence Magill, daughter
of William C. and Annie Hallowell Riggs, was born.

Eighth month, 3d. An excursion party of fifty-
eight persons, visited Luray Caverns in Virginia,

4 ANNALS OF SANDY SPBING.

making the trip out in less than one day, and return-
ing delighted with the beauty and man-el of under-
ground scenery.

Eighth month, ioth. Florence Miller, daughter of
John C. and Cornelia Hallowell Bentley, was born. I
can frame no better wish for this little maid at Clov-
erly, than, that she should closely resemble in char-
acter the lovely girl for whom she is named and who
is now numbered with the angels.

On the afternoon of Eighth month, 23d, a terrific
storm occurred, which will be long remembered for
its violence, people, houses, barns, trees, cattle and
horses were injured by the electric fluid and the
lightning struck in twelve different places in this im-
mediate vicinity. Charles Porter's house and barn
were fired by a descending bolt, rain fell in torrents,
and extinguished the fire on the house, but the barn
was entirely destroyed, and so quickly did the build-
ing burst into flames, that his valuable horses were
severely injured before they could be rescued.

On Ninth month, 7th, Edward Stabler died in his
eighty-ninth year. He was born Ninth month, 26th,
1794, and resided nearly all his long and active life at
Karewood. where he died at a ripe old age. He was an
agriculturist, who not only thought, but wrote and
read on the subject, and by economy and industry,
he converted a worn-out tract of land into a rich pro-
ductive farm. In contrast to the primitive modes
and customs of his early years, he beheld the great
progress made on all sides and was quick to seize and
apply all those mechanical inventions to farming op-
erations, and to benefit his land by the application of

AXXALS OF SAXDY SPKING. 5

fertilizers, which have revolutionized the tilling of the
soil in Sanely Spring and increased its productiveness
tenfold. He was a natural mechanic and expert en-
graver, and his seals and presses, for state and city
governments, corporations, and courts of law, were
widely circulated throughout the country. He furnished
the various departments of the National Government
with seals, and made presses and seals for the Con-
sular Agents of the United States all over the world.
In the year 1830, he was appointed, under Andrew
Jackson's administration, postmaster at Sandy Spring,
an office he retained till his death.

In 1848, he originated, with the aid of a few of his
neighbors, "The Mutual Fire Insurance Company, of
Montgomery County," which has grown to be a large
and flourishing institution and of which he was, at
the time of his death, its energetic head and president.

His intelligence and agreeable conversation made
him a pleasant companion, and he was widely known
outside his native place. Retaining to extreme age,
much of the: fire and vigor of youth, he enjoyed al-
most to the last the pleasures of the chase and traveled
near and far on business or recreation.

His funeral on the afternoon of Ninth month, 8th,
was largely attended by his neighbors, and many stran-
gers from other states and the city of Washington.

My next date, Ninth month, 12th, records the death
in her eighty-ninth year of our venerable friend "Aunt
Eliza Kirk," as she was affectionately called by the
whole neighborhood.

As I could not possibly improve on the address
made at her funeral by Caroline H. Miller, whoi al-

6 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ways speaks so wisely and so well, I will insert here,
some extracts from it. She said :

"We meet this morning to pay the last observance
of respect and duty to a beloved friend. The body
that we come to bury, is cold and dead, but it will need
no monument to keep alive among us, the memory
of the precious spirit, which it once contained, for we
shall wear upon grateful hearts, until they cease to
beat, the record of her love and tenderness. How
many of us can look back beyond the stern and anxi-
ous years of our latter lives, upon a distant childhood,
gladdened by her gentle kindness, upon sweet favors
of word and deed constantly bestowed through the
rich blessings of her love and sympathy with the
young.

"We see her no longer, groping sadly in dark
places, but, again as of yore, we behold her, bright,
busy, passing with buoyant step, from duty to duty,
her life one constant round of cheerful active useful-
ness.

We must believe that those dimmed eyes have
opened upon a morning the glory of whose perfect
day knows no decline ; upon the light effulgence of the
Xew Jerusalem, the city not made with hands but
eternal in the Heavens."

Henry C. Hallowell kindly furnishes me with notes
from his journal of Ninth month, 13th.

We had a very doubtful day, whether to go on with
our Annual Horticultural Exhibition or not. The
clouds looked full of rain, but the building having
been previously prepared, and decorated, we conclud-
ed to attempt it and had a very successful exhibit.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 7

Many did not know till near midday that it would be
held, but while there were fewer people than usual,
the display was fine, the flowers were beautiful, and
fruits and vegetables, abundant and excellent. Ad-
dresses were made by the president, by Col. William
Kilgour, and several others."

About the middle of this month, Richard T. Bent-
ley, was appointed postmaster at Sandy Spring, and
elected president of the Mutual Fire Insurance Com-
pany, in both instances succeeding the late Edward
Stabler.

The summer which had been cool and pleasant, was
now on the wane, there had been no scorching heat
to kill the luxuriant vegetation, and the vivid fresh-
ness and green of spring continued even after a chang-
ing leaf here and there, proclaimed the autumn near
at hand.

Tenth month, ist. Samuel Bond retired from the
firm of Gilpin and Bentley, entering into business for
himself at Norbeck, and Samuel Wetherald fills the
vacated position.

Tenth month, 24th, 25th and 26th, Rockville Fair, al-
ways an interesting occasion for our people, occurred.

There not being quite as much rain as usual, the at-
tendance especially on the 26th was large. The ex-
hibits were more complete than in past years, and fi-
nancially it was a success. Ffteen persons in our neigh-
borhood received premiums, ranging from soft soap
to sheep, and from flowers to the best darned stock-
ings.

Up to this time, the last of Tenth month, no severe
frosts had killed the brilliant foliage, and as if it might

8 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

be a reflection from this carnival of color, a gorgeous
crimson spread over the morning and evening sky,
continuing long after the sun had set. A most pe-
culiar afterglow, which has interested the scientific
world, and given rise to innumerable theories, but not
one satisfactory solution.

Seldom, if ever, in the history of the neighborhood,
has any one died more generally respected, beloved,
and regretted, than Caleb Stabler, whose death oc-
curred at Alloway on Tenth month, 26th, in his
eigthy-fifth year.

In early life, with a real help mate, and a family of
little children, he purchased an extensive tract of land
then, and now known as the "Manor." With untiring
industry and intelligent cultivation, in the course of
years he saw his labor rewarded, his farm increased in
value (fifty fold.) and his children, happily and pros-
perously, settled around him. His public spirit and
wise counsel went far towards making our neighbor-
hood what it is and he held most worthily many pub-
lic offices of honor and trust. Full of pleasant con-
verse and anecdote, with the frank and courteous man-
ner of a true gentleman, his society was eagerly
sought and enjoyed by old and young. His declining
years were made serene and peaceful, by the tender
ministrations of a beloved, only daughter, and the
care and watchfulness of children and grandchildren,
whose delight it was to honor and cherish him. On
the afternoon of Tenth month, 28th, he was borne to
his resting place, in the family ground at Alloway. A
very large concourse, composed of every class, stood
round his open grave, and in the solemn silence of

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 9

the assembly, words were not needed to express the
grief that every one sincerely felt in paying a last tri-
bute to this most admirable man.

My next entry, Twelfth month, 5th, records the
marriage, at Lakeside, near Baltimore, by Friend's
ceremony, of J. Janney Shoemaker and Helen M.,
daughter of Henry Reese. The bride and groom came
directly to their charming home, which had been pre-
pared for them near Sandy Spring.

Twelfth month, 13th. Mary Chandlee, daughter
of Edward N. and Hallie Chandlee Bentley, was born.

Twelfth month, 18th. Eliza Stabler, another of our
valued old friends, entered into rest ; in her eighty-first
year. Her long and tranquil life had been passed in this
neighborhood ; her tastes were literary, and books,
many and varied, had been her constant companions.
Purely domestic and devoted to her family, she sel-
dom went abroad, but welcomed her friends to her
own fireside, with unfailing kindness.

As she lay in her coffin, on the afternoon of the
20th, prepared for burial, a sweet and peaceful ex-
pression was on her face. A soft mantle of snow
covered her grave, fitting emblem of the innocence of
her life.

When the old lay down their burdens, and pass
from works to reward, it brings no shock, since it is
the inevitable course of nature, but when a compara-
tively young woman, the mother of a growing family,
is cut off in the prime, we feel that death is relentless.

Fanny, wife of Thomas J. Lea, had been for some
years an invalid, but it was an unexpected sorrow to

10 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

her friends, when her death was announced on
Twelfth month, 21st.

Full of charitable deeds for the poor around her, a
kind neighbor and devoted mother, her home was
made pleasant by evidences of her constant care and
refined taste. Fully aware that the end was approach-
ing, she made even- preparation for the sad parting
with her family, and evinced a resignation, and cour-
age most touching. Her sufferings were only exceed-
ed by her patience, and to the close, she sought to
comfort those who watched around her. Her remains
were brought from Baltimore, where she died, and
buried on 1st day afternoon.

As the night was settling down, and in the midst of
a fierce storm of sleet and snow, Twelfth month, 23rd,
the house at Plainfield, was entirely destroyed by fire.
Owing to the inclemency of the weather, but few
knew of the disaster in time to render assistance. In
less than three hours, the pleasant home was a mass
of blackened ruins, and the inmates were sheltered
at Norwood.

The next morning many neighbors assembled and
with sleighs and teams, transported the ice-covered
and scattered effects of the Plainfield families, to the
unoccupied house of Jos. T. Moore, Jr., at Pen-y-Bryn,
where Willliam Moore and family have resided since.

Robert R. Moore and family remained at Norwood,
a home especially adorned and blessed this winter by
the presence of two grandmothers, under the same
roof.

The new house at Plainfield, is rising from its ashes

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 11

and before many months, we hope to see our friends
re-united beneath their own roof tree.

However much more modernized and comfortable
this habitation will be, there is something especially
sad, in the destruction of an old home, where chil-
dren have been born, reared, and married, where joy
and sorrow, have mingled in the varied scenes of life,
and where every room is hallowed by a thousand as-
sociations.

Christmas was very quiet, and there were but few
family gatherings, perhaps because of inclement
weather, or that sorrow and disaster had followed
thick and fast.

New Year's day, 1884, was much observed, the
youth and beauty of Sandy Spring was gathered at
Stanmore, Fair Hill, and Black Meadow, and each
bevy of young ladies counted the "cavaliers" by the
dozen through the day. Even fathers and grandfath-
ers donned their meeting suits, and wended their way
through the wind and rain, to make their best bows
along the line.

First month, 5th and 6th, the mercury fell below
zero, the nipping cold crept in at every crevice, bread
refused to rise, water froze at night on the kitchen
stove, and we felt that now if ever, was "the winter of
our discontent."

First month, 14th. There was a heavy fall of snow
which covered and clung to every thing like swan's-
down, the sleighing was fine and the effect of riding
through the woods under this soft white canopy, was
indescribably beautiful.

First month, 15th. The Farmer's Convention was

lit ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING.

held at the Lyceum. The attendance was large, and
the President, Henry C. Hallowell, called the assem-
bly to order, and in a very happy speech, reviewed
the conventions of the past twelve years, and gave
some of the good results which had followed their de-
liberations, and dwelt upon the fact, that as agri-
cultural prosperity advanced, it tended to elevate the
social, moral, and religious conditions of the com-
munity.

Interesting reports were read from the several
clubs, and many questions of utility, relating to fertil-
izers, sheep raising, ensilage, keeping wood-land for
fuel, etc., were discussed with profit.

The ladies furnished a bountiful lunch, which must
have gone to the right spot, as they were invited into
the Lyceum afterwards, to listen to a portion of the
proceedings.

Among the meagre notes of Second month, I will
record a religious visit from Abel Hull, of Harford,
and the painful injury sustained by our useful friend,
Charles G. Porter, who can comfort himself with the
reRection that only industrious people are liable to
have their fingers cut off.

Many of our inhabitants fled to the cities, the roads
were bad, storms frequent, and much less farm work
than usual was done. The neighborhood, however,
was enlivened by some pleasant parties and enter-
tainments at the Lyceum and Grange Hall.

This, and the preceding month of 1884, will long
be remembered by the children of Sandy Spring, and
some of larger growth. The measles prevailed from
Crowtown to Colesville, from the Patuxent to Rock-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 13

ville, and from Norbeck to Spencerville. Almost
every family was in a state of eruption, but although
the disease was of a malignant type, no deaths oc-
curred which must be chronicled here. It was evident,
there was no monopoly of measles, the local reputa-
tion for generosity was sustained, and our young
people visiting about in the different cities, convinced
their friends in about ten days, they were entertaining
not angels, but measles unawares.

Twenty-ninth of Second month, the first telegram
was sent over the postal line, which had been in course
of construction for some months through our section.

The office at Sandy Spring connects us with all the
great mercantile centers, and cheap rates will, per-
haps, induce our friends to telegraph us all the good
news with the same eagerness they will undoubtedly
send us the bad.

The whole neighborhood was greatly shocked and
distressed on the 2d of Third month, by the sudden
death of Alban Gilpin, at the age of seventy-four.

Many of his friends and relatives, who held con-
verse with him on the last day of his life, will recall
his pleasant speech, and unusually cheerful manner.
With only a few minutes suffering, attended by his wife
and daughter, he passed from life to death.

A director in the bank, and prominent for many
years in business, his neighbors, accustomed to see
him almost daily, will long miss and regret his kind
and courteous presence.

He had the rare endowment of an equable temper-
ament, and never gave way to discouragement. In all
the vicissitudes of life, his faith and hope of a better

14 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

time coming, and a way out of difficulties had been a
staff and support to his friends. His word was his
bond, and no one was more truthful and exact in his
statements. He never soiled his speech with slandei
or spoke ill of the absent.

All who stood by his coffin, will remember the ex-
treme nobleness of his face and figure, and perhaps
in many minds arose the thought, this> was an innate
gentleman.

On Third month, 4th, a number of our citizens at-
tended the Woman Suffrage Convention, held in
Washington, and an address delivered by our friend,
Caroline H. Miller, was enthusiastically received by
the audience, and favorably by the press.

Third month, 6th, our faithful old colored sexton
and grave digger, Horace Sedgwick, died.

Third month, 8th. A son was born to Benjamin D.
and Mollie Mackall Palmer, who received the name
of its father.

Our friends going to Baltimore Quarterly Meeting,
about this time. Third month. 7th and 8th, found the
roads almost impassable, rains continued day after day
to the great discomfort of the farmers who were im-
patient to have their plows going, and spring work
advanced.

The death of William John Thomas, Third month,
2 1 st, aged seventy years, was more than a loss, it was
a calamity.

A man of sterling worth, of unblemished character
and reputation, he seemed naturally, the head of the
community; old and young revered and loved him.

His industry was proverbial, by his lifelong labor

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 15

and good management, he wrested from the land a
competency, and was regarded as the type of a model
farmer.

President of the bank, and prominent in all good
works of progress and reform, his efficiency in tem-
poral affairs, was only equalled by his zeal in all that
was spiritual and holy.

An elder, and deeply concerned in everything per-
taining to the meeting, consistent in religious dut-
ies, he was filled with the cheerful, practical piety, that
feels charity for the past, and hope for the future. The
wise counselor of his children he was, still more, their
intimate, congenial friend. His family relations were
beautiful and worthy of all emulation.

From the old house at Clifton, he could look upon
the homes of all his married sons and daughters,
homes, which his generous bounty had helped to es-
tablish. His heart was so in sympathy with the
young, his days so busy — age had touched him so
lightly, it seemed as if we might have him many more
years among us.

We who were honored by his friendship, often
guided by his advice, always taught by his example,
must feel that he left no good deed undone, no
kind word unspoken, no favor was too small, no bene-
fit too great, for his willing, helpful hands to confer.

He bore the intense sufferings of his illness with
the unselfish fortitude of a martyr, and his last utter-
ance was full of tender sympathy for the loving and
beloved companion of his life. "Mark the perfect
man and behold the upright foir the end of that man
is peace."

16 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

His funeral was largely attended on first day after-
noon, at the meeting house, and several friend^ bore
testimony to his pure life and many virtues.

Third month, 29th. The first sulkey plow in this
vicinity, was working at Ingleside, to the entire satis-
faction of its owner and several neighbors who gath-
ered to view the stranger.

An important sale was made in this month by
William Scofield, who disposed of his herd of ten
registered Jersey cattle, for two thousand dollars.
These well-bred cows had not been more expensive
to raise and keep, than plebeian stock, and yet the
value was fourfold greater, than would have been the
inferior breed.

My last date for the year, April 1st, records an in-
teresting visit to Roslyn, and an interview with the
venerable Rebecca Russel, who has passed her ninety-
eighth birthday. Few persons of half her age are as
bright and quick of speech and thought as this charm-
ing old lady, and her memory and reminiscences of
people and events long past, were truly delightful.

She spoke much of the many changes and great
progress in our neighborhood since she first came
here in 1824.

In those days she said, the women spun and wove
their "linsey woolsy" for clothing, and everybody was
so industrious, even the little girl of six, had to finish
her "stint" of sewing or knitting, before she was al-
lowed to run and play.

When persons went visiting they walked or rode
horseback, but few vehicles being in this vicinity.

When she was last at the Capital, General Wash-

AXXALS OF SAXDY SPKIXG. 17

ington was there the same day, and there were only
six houses on Penna. Avenue, and laughing merrily,
she added, "When I saw Ashton last, it was nothing
but a big tree."

I asked her the secret of her vitality and activity.
"No one," she answered, "can be happy or healthy at
any age, unless they are constantly employed." And
she is a living example of her own aphorism.

Henry Stabler informed me he had canned, in 1883,
36,000 cans of corn, and raised 100 bushels of selected
seed for seedsmen, and home planting.

Very often during the past year have mournful
processions wound their way along our roads, and
many times have we stood in grief and sympathy be-
side the open grave. It would almost seem as if this
annual meeting should be a lodge of sorrow, so many
of our honored friends have passed into the silent
land. The lesson of their lives, their example and
precept remain ; they are beyond our tears and care ;
but our best memorial of them should be a greater
charity, a more loving sympathy with the living. We
can keep the memory of our cherished dead green
forever by the timely help, the cheerful word, the
neighborly kindness to those bereft and left behind.

SUMMARY OF THE YEAR.

Twenty years ago, when this Lyceum was dedi-
cated, our Poet Laureate, Sarah B. Stabler of Sharon,
wrote for the occasion a beautiful ode. At my solici-
tation, she again favors us, and when you have heard
her gracious words and flowing verses, you will feel
that our honored friend, now in her eighty-third year,

18 A.WXALS OF SANDY SPEING.

has lost none of her poetic fancy. "Age cannot wither
nor custom stale her infinite variety."

Written for E. X. B., Third month, 26th, 1884.

"Time moves along on never ceasing" wing,
And history follows with her ready pen,
And writes the events, each busy year may bring,
To all abodes on earth, of riving men.

"For some these records are but traced in sand,
F r others graven on the granite rock;
Some men in light, and some in shadow stand,
But all belong to the Great Shepherd's flock.

"'And be our stories like the sand which drifts,
Or long enduring on the mountain height;
We do but briefly use our varied gifts,
And then like fleeting shadows pass from sight.

"How many, young and old, have passed from earth
Leaving some lingerers along the way;
While many in the spring of youth and mirth,
Count on long \ears of joy and pleasure gay.

"Some here, have given to earth their children dear,
Who seemed like angels granted for a while,
And though, for them, this life may raise the tear.
Calm resignation asks instead, the smile.

"The prattling tongue is hushed, the unsteady feet
Falter no more — a tranquil peace is theirs;
This world, with joys which oft are passing sweet,
Might have betrayed them with its thousand snares.

"Fathers and mothers, brothers, sisters, friends,
Husbands and wives, in quick succession go,
And homes are sad, but love divine descends,
And gently takes away the sting of woe.

ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING. 19

"The virtues of the lost, like healing" dew,
Soothe the grieved spirits, who have been bereft
Of those so dearly loved, so good and true!
But the survivors will not long be left;

"'For human life is short, end when it will,
And when the evening comes, may we seek rest,
Resigned to live or die, so we fulfill
The measure of the time that Heaven sees best.

"Though in the 'vacant chairs' we seem to see
Our dear ones, whom our eyes behold no more,
Yet, Hope will whisper sweetly, 'There will be
A home for each upon the Heavenly shore.' "

— Sarah B. Stabler, Sharon.

Although the crops were very large in 1883, our
farmers were not bebarred the satisfaction of their
annual grumble, for prices were exceedingly low, and
the more potatoes and hay a man had stored in his
bins and barns, the more did he need the sympathy
of friends, for it hardly paid to haul them to market.

Potatoes fluctuated from 25 cents to 75 cents per
bushel, and more were sold under than above 50 cents.

Large quantities of hay was sold at 50 and 60 cents
per hundred weight.

As nearly as could be ascertained from club sta-
tistics, and industrial reports, 45,000 bushels of wheat
were raised, at an average of 24 bushels to the acre,
and selling at an average price of $1.18. 11,565 barrels
of corn were raised, at an average of eight and a half
barrels to the acre — selling for $2.75, average price.

My report is not entirely complete, for one un-
married gentleman, although urgently requested, has
not responded ; it is presumed that his crops were very

20 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPEIXG.

large, and that he remembered with a terrified shiver,
that it was "Leap Year."

The 36th annual report of The Mutual Fire Insur-
ance Company shows a large increase of business in
the past year, and the amount, insured January 1st,
1884, was $15,274,302.33:

The 16th annual report of the "Savings Institution
of Sandy Spring," shows the amount on hand, March
1st, 1884, was 8198,664.84. It is a pleasant thought
that while the older members of the community are
greatly interested in this valuable institution, so many
little children have their bank-books and deposit
their earnings with commendable pride.

Three hundred and six newspapers and magazines
came to subscribers through our office and we have
mailed in the past' year thirty-five thousand letters
and sixty-seven hundred postal cards.

In the cause of education, we have made an im-
portant step this year in the completion of "Sherwood
School House," costing about $2,300. A neat, com-
modious building, furnished suitably with a fine chemi-
cal apparatus, maps, etc., and with the great advan-
tage of having the old Sandy Spring Library trans-
ferred to one of its rooms. It is only proper to record
here the names of the men and women, whose faithful
exertions were crowned with such success, in the in-
ception and completion of this work.

William W. Moore, President,
Benjamin H. Miller, Secretary',
A. G. Thomas, Treasurer,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 21

and the following board of directors : John Thomas,
Asa M. Stabler, Robert M. Stabler, Anna L. Moore,
Sarah T. Miller, Charles G. Porter.

For a long time the committee on teachers hunted
from Massachusetts to North Carolina for a suitable
master for the new school, and at last discovered in
our midst the very material it was going hither and
yon to find.

J. Llewellen Massey was appointed principal, as-
sisted by Elma P. Chandlee and Carrie H. Brooke, and
they have admirably conducted a flourishing school of
fifty scholars through the year.

From the earliest records Sandy Spring has had
good schools, which were not only invaluable to our
own people, but many children from adjacent cities
and states have received here, that surest of all foun-
dations for success in life, a substantial, moral edu-
cation.

Rockland has had its full quota this year, and who
does not enjoy the bright young faces of its inmates,
as they crowd into "meeting," or the Lyceum, or
take their walks abroad, bubbling over with merry
school-girl ways ?

In connection with this subject, I will add that An-
nie T. Porter, after long and faithful service as an in-
structor of youth, having in many instances taught
the children of her former pupils, resigned her posi-
tion in the public school which is now filled by Ella
Steer, of Virginia.

About the middle of Third month, 1884, "The An-
nals of Sandy Spring" were published by William H.
Farquhar. You, who have listened for many years to

22 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

his annual report from this platform, will read with
great pleasure this interesting book in which the au-
thor has so successfully retained all the principal
events and salient points of his yearly narratives, and
yet managed to eliminate all that was trivial. He has
given us a book, not only valuable to every one here,
but which should be widely read elsewhere, as show-
ing the changes wrought in a rural community by
labor, education, and a close communion of neighborly
interest and kindness.

Two other books have been published during the
year, in which Sandy Spring is especially interested.

The first is the autobiography of the great and good
Benjamin Hallowell, edited by his children. A volume
valuable to young and old as teaching a lesson of pa-
tience and industry, and not only a delightful produc-
tion to those who knew him, but very attractive to
strangers. His large intelligence and pure character
confined him to no particular circle ; his influence,
like his charity, was far-reaching and covered -all
things.

I began by saying there never had been a female
historian, but I must qualify that by "hardly ever,"
for Annie M. Chandlee has completed for the use of
schools an excellent compendium of English History,
said to be on a new and original plan.

Early in 1883, Dr. Tillum, of Delaware, pur-
chased a portion of Edward Peirce's farm, and built
a commodious house, barn and outbuildings, with
all the modern improvements.

Xew buildings have also been erected, or old
ones altered and improved at Oak Hill, Highland,

AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING. 23

Belmont, Cherry Grove, Burnside, The Cottage, In-
gleside, Ashton, Mt. Airy, Sunset, Patuxent, Sandy
Spring, Harewood, Plainfield, Norwood, Avalon,
Brooke Grove ; and even our Lyceum, catching this
spread of improvement, has pushed out its back
wall and enlarged its dimensions to suit the increas-
ing demands of the neighborhood.

Sherwood Mills has changed owners, and Lea-
wood Mills has been greatly improved by new machi-
nery. Several new windmills have been put up and
water fixtures added to various houses ; if cleanliness
is next to Godliness, the Sandy Spring people are
''stepping heavenward'' at a rapid rate.

This year, as in all the years past, we still go many
miles to take the trains ; and the possibility of a nar-
row gauge railroad to Laurel has been so warmly
discussed, that we will have lightning expresses
speeding through our farms in the near future, is a
foregone conclusion ; but while we are waiting for an
earthly railroad, let us hasten to construct another
and more lasting one.

More than fifty years ago the gifted James P. Stab-
ler, Senior, wrote in a lady's album the following
directions for building a railroad to Heaven. I will
preserve his admirable words here.

"It is altogether possible that men may make a
railroad to Heaven ; nay, it is even more true than
that they can make them from one point of the earth
to another, and why not? The materials in one case
are more abundant, cheaper, and more durable than
in the other. The labor and expenses are less, and
the travel more safe and expeditious in the former

24 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

than in the latter case. Then let's make one. First,
let it be located on the ground of the love of God,
and to our fellow creatures, for there we have the
right of way given us without condemnation. The
chief engineer shall be the still small voice, which
makes no curves, either to the right hand or to the
left. The road will be straight ; the board of virtues
will furnish funds to carry on the work from a treas-
ury as inexhaustible as the fountains of light and
love. The hills of pride and cruelty will be leveled
by the Agent's meekness and mercy. The valleys will
be raised by kindness and brotherly affection. The
streams will be crossed by bridges built upon the Rock
of Ages. The rails will be of charity, the cars of devo-
tion, with springs tempered by the incense of the
heart, for every good and perfect gift, and the loco-
motive engine of supreme and everlasting love pro-
pelled by prayer and thanksgiving to the fountain
whence every blessing flows."

We have to chronicle the loss of various citizens
this year by removal to other places, and yet we feel
assured they still regard Sandy Spring as home, and
look forward, whatever their present interests, to re-
turning here.

Dr. Scott is practising his profession in Washing-
ton. Harry H. Stabler is farming in Virginia. War-
wick H. Miller, Jr., is in business in Philadelphia.
Robert M. Hallowell and George B. Miller, are in St.
Louis. Harry T. Lea and family, and Richard P.
Iddings, in Lawrence, Mass. Granville Stabler in
Missouri. Caleb S. Miller in Minnesota. Edward P.
Tavlor in Georgia. Dr. Augustus Stabler in Phila-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 25

delphia. Mr. Lawford has sold his farm to Mrs.
George Ellicott, and has removed elsewhere, and Dr.
Tillum and family have returned to Delaware. Four
of our young men, William D. Hartshorn, Henry T.
Lea, Joshua Peirce and Richard P. Iddings have res-
ponsible positions in the Arlington Mills, at Lau-
rence. It is evident that Massachusetts knows where
to apply for efficient help.

On the credit side of this losing account, we are
glad to welcome back to Montgomery our friends
Walter H. and Carrie L. Brooke, and to congratulate
them on the purchase of a home.

It is alsoi very pleasant to record the return of
Esther T. Moore to Sandy Spring.

In former chronicles, the historian has grieved over
the decline of interest manifested in lectures, but it
is my pleasant task to relate that the two courses of
lectures and entertainments held at the Lyceum in
the past year, have been attended and enjoyed by old
and young, notably a discourse on the great North-
west by the Hon. Alonzo Bell.

The young people of the neighborhood have given
several delightful entertainments, showing the versa-
tility of their talents by the variety offered in music,
recitations, original matter, dramatic and spectacular
scenes.

The Agricultural Clubs, Olney and Brighton
Granges, The Horticultural, The Association for Mu-
tual Improvement, The Home Interest, The Sociable,
The Benevolent Aid, The Book Club, Lawn Tennis
Club and the Whist Club, have all held their meetings
throughout the year, and brought the concentrated

26 ANNALS OF SANDY SPBING.

experience and wisdom of many minds to bear on
many subjects. The membership of Olney Grange
now numbers one hundred and sixty-seven, and its
interests and beneficial influences are varied and
wide-spread. That honored society of mothers and
grandmothers, "The Mutual Improvement Associa-
tion," has increased its numbers in the past twelve
months, and in twenty-seven years of organization
has never lost one of its members by death.

In June, July and August, along with the heat and
flies, harvest and preserving, pickling and canning, the
city visitor has descended on us. We have given them
to eat of our abundance, and made them welcome to
our fruits and flowers, and our shady nooks and
corners.

In autumn, when our fields were aflame with the

lenrod and sumac, and our woods gorgeous

the feast of color, free to all alike, again our homes

have been thronged with our sisters, our cousins,

and our aunts, coming late, to escape the early crowd.

When grim winter seized her frozen sceptre, and
storms held high carnival, once more did we welcome
the city friend, and heat up as well as we could that
arctic region known as the "spare chamber."'

In early spring, when roads were bottomless, and
wild winds blew, and the country as unattractive as it
ever gets to be ; yet, again, strangers alighted at our
gates, and we took them in and bade them welcome.
Other places of resort close up, but. Sandy Spring
never !

There were a great many people here last year, but,
more will be here next, for it is pleasant to think they

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 27

have all accepted our invitation to come again, and
will bring their friends with them.

Through the past year, our citizens have traveled
as usual far and wide. They have sought and found
health and strength, at the seaside, the springs, and
on the mountain tops. Some of them have gathered
roses, and eaten strawberries in Georgia and Florida
in the winter months, others have shivered in snow-
clouds on Northern heights in summer, and one ener-
getic young lady has traversed the wonders of the
"Yellowstone."

The economy in other things to secure the annual
trip will always pay the farmer and his family. Travel
is an education to mind and body, a delight to the ap-
preciative, a luxury that will enliven the occupant
of the country home, and break the monotony of rural
life.

We have watched with great interest through the
winter the career of our active and efficient Senator
fiom Montgomery, Joseph T. Moore.

Belonging politically to the minority in the Mary-
land Legislature, by his perseverance and diplomacy
he compelled the majority to pass six state bills, a
feat never before accomplished by the representative
of this county. His seventh bill was only lost by the
Governor's veto. Had that become a law the very
poorest farmer among us might have procured a
marriage license for the insignificant sum of sixty
cents. Who knows what changes in that event might
have occurred to the seventy-seven maidens of San-
dy Spring, between the ages of twenty and ofne hun-
dred vears? It seemed such a forlorn hope I have

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

not counted the bachelors ; I felt convinced there
could not be seventy-seven of them.

CONCLUSION.

Although in some instances other vocations are
combined, we are essentially a farming community
and the land must produce now to its fullest capacity,
for the farmer needs more money each year to pro-
cure the conveniences and luxuries about his home —
once found only in the city.

Education and science are ahead of sinew. Brains
and machinery are taking the place of muscle. The
farmer of today, must know the needs and capabil-
ities of the different soils, he must read and think, as
well as act. With intelligence, as well as faith, he
plants the tiny seed, and has his fulfillment in the
abundant harvest.

A great responsibility rests on the farmer. AH
er people take their supplies second-hand from
him. his produce feeds the world. The cotton from his
fields, the fleece from his sheep clothes mankind, and
it is a well-known fact that nearly all our poets, au-
thors, and statesmen, were born and raised in rural
homes.

At his behest, comes the beauty of waving fields
cf grain, of orchards rich with bloom. His toil is close
to nature's heart, to the secrets and perfections of all
her marvelous works.

He who owns his land calls no man master ; and as
he sows his acres broad and deep, I contend that he
is the true aristocrat.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 29

In ties of affections, in interest, in correspondence,
a thousand links connect us with the outside world.
I will verify my statement by a pleasant incident. A
short time ago in the City of Agra, in India, two
travelers met in that beautiful temple called the 'Taj
Mahal," a structure so perfect in form, so rich in or-
namentation, it is counted one of the seven wonders
of the world. Beneath the jeweled arches and lace-
like carvings of this dome the one traveler, a charm-
ing woman, who has often visited among us, the
other Moncure D. Conway, utter strangers to each
other, fell into conversation and in a few minutes had
talked round to this little spot of earth, and were
eagerly recalling delightful hours and dear mutual
friends here. It seemed strange that these two, the
one coming from the China seas, with her husband,
the other from England, should meet in India on the
common grciund of Sandy Spring.

We have a far-reaching reputation to sustain, and
we can only do it by individual care and merit.

We are all justly proud, perhaps too proud, of our
neighborhood, but without that pride and the efforts
of our people to be what they seem to be to the out-
side world, we could not have attained some excel-
lence, which is the foundation of that reputation.

Those who are satisfied with the present history
will be expected to furnish items for the historian in
future, and those who are dissatisfied will be equallv
interested to make it attractive.

30 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

CHAPTER II.

From Fourth Month., 1884, to Fourth Month, 1885.

Earthquake felt generally through Sandy Spring — Golden
Weddings of Eobert R. and riadassah J. Moore, and
William Henry and Margaret B. Farquhar — Lectures
by the Hon. Alonza Bell, Francis Thomas and Miss
Phoebe Cozzens — Ednor postoffice established — Obitu-
aries of Henrj^ l^rooke, Dr. Artemus Riggs, Benjamin
D. Palmer, Jr., Anne T. Kirk, Anna Miller, Agnes H.
Bent ley and Samuel A. Janney — Reminiscences of Wil-
liam John Thomas and Mahlon Chandlee.

One of our most eminent authors has well said
that "all things are engaged in writing their history.
The plant, the pebble, goes attended by its shadow ;
the rolling rock leaves its scratches on the mountain ;
the river, its channel in the soil ; the animal, its bones
in the stratum ; the fern and leaf their modest epitaph
in the coal ; the falling drop makes its sculpture in the
sand or stone ; not a footstep in the snow or along the
ground but prints in characters, more or less lasting,
a map of its march."

Every act of the man inscribes itself in the memories
of his fellows and in his own manners and face. The
air is rilled with sounds, the sky with tokens, the
ground is all signatures and every object covered over
with hints which speak to the intelligence. We have
made a long stride in outward comforts and con-
veniences since our greatgrandmothers spun and
wove, cut and fashioned their own raiment in the davs

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 31

gone by when six yards of "fip-penny-bit" calico was
an ample dress pattern, and the protecting sun-bon-
net was in vogue. Then our greatgrandfathers
scratched the earth with a wooden plow, and raised
from five to ten bushels of wheat to the acre — then
they read their weekly paper by the light of a tallow
dip. and their hours of retiring and rising were almost
regulated by the sun.

In looking over an old memoranda dated 1823, I
find that many friends paid "a fip-penny-bit" per quar-
ter for meeting-dues, some "a levy," and a very few
the munificent sum of fifty cents per quarter. Religion
was remarkably cheap in those days, and probably of
quite as good quality as the more costly kind of our
generation. Among the same old bills and receipts,
wheat is quoted at ninety cents, and corn fifty cents
per bushel, and a laborer was paid seventy-five cents
for digging a grave.

On the foundation of this primitive living our pros-
perity is built, our historv of today is linked insepar-
ably with all yesterday's, and valuable and interesting
to us must be the recollections and experiences of the
older members of our community, bringing, as it were,
the savor of their past to flavor our present.

Our respected friend, the late William John Thomas,
wrote at the request of his children, not very long be-
fore he died, some reminiscences of his early days,
and in presenting to you extracts from them, few will
recognize the Sandy Spring of his boyhood as we find
it now. He says :

"I will not undertake to give the precise dates to
many of the details here related, but as they appeared

32 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

to my comprehension at the time. First, as being
most central, and as an event for which I have a date,
is the building of the meeting-house at Sandy Spri
I recollect riding up there before Uncle Johnnie
Thomas on an old white mare called ''Bonny;" and
my efforts to climb over the sleepers before the floors
were laid, and while the carpenters were putting on the
roof ; and later Uncle Johnnie sat at the head of the
Meeting on one side, with Samuel Thomas and Roger
Brooke on the upper bench, and Basil Brooke, Isaac
Briggs, Thomas Moore, Bernard Gilpin, Caleb Bent-
ley, William Thomas, Gerard Brooke, Richard Thomas
and others on the benches facing the Meeting. De-
borah Stabler, [Margaret Judge and Hannah Wilson,
ministers, with the two Mary Brookes and Hannah
Briggs, occupied the upper benches on the other side
of the House. Carriages were rather scarce in that
time, but Roger Brooke had one, but he always
rode horseback himself. Basil Brooke had one,
with door opening behind ; Thomas Moore had one ;
Isaac Briggs had one, with a long body ; William
Thomas had one, with three seats, holding from six
to eight passengers; Caleb Bentley and Bernard Gil-
pin, with their families, mostly walked to Meeting, as
did many others from Brookeville. The Meeting was
larger on first days from 1813 to 1820 than it ;s now,
in my judgment.

The old meeting-house, a frame building, was
moved from where the present horse-sheds now stand,
and was used for that purpose for many years. The
sills are still doing duty under the present carriag -
sheds. From 1813 to 1816 we had a large immigration

AXXALS OF SANDY SPEING. 33

to our vicinity, though many persons about that time
kept on to the, then, far West, Ohio. A family by the
name of Sappold lived then at Harewood. Amos Hor-
ner, a very large man, lived on the Manor. David
Newlin in Brookeville ; John and William Thornton,
at Centreville, just beyond Francis Miller's gate, where
a tenant house now stands. One of these Brothers
Thornton occupied for a short time the house where
Richard T. Bentley lives now.

Headleys and other families lived over towards
"Bradford's Rest." Allen West lived on Benjamin
Palmer's place. About 1824, Wiliam Henry Stabler's
home was built, and part of the house at Walnut Hill
was built by Thomas Lea, all the brick being burned
near the site of Oakwood Church, where more recent-
ly, the brick was made for the hioluse at Sherwood.

Arthur Foulke, a little man who wore small clothes,
and had but one eye, lived where Robert H. Miller
now owns.

At what date the Birdsalls came to Sandy Spring
I do not know, but William lived at Centreville, near
Stanmore. He then built the stone part of the horse
at Plainfield, where he resided until he went West, in
"thirty-six." Andrew lived back of Samuel Thomas's
house, now gone, William and Andrew built a mill
there, to which Andrew's hired boy said he had to
carry water in his cap after he got home from school
to make the mill run. The mill did not survive its own-
ers. John Birdsall lived where Rockland now is.
Whether the log house he occupied was covered by
the present imposing edifice, or removed, I do not
know.

3-1 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

Whitson Camby and family lived at Olney, a fam-
ily by the name of Dennis at Willow Grove. Joseph
Brown lived at Clifton. Thomas Moore resided
where E. J. Hall now does, and was succeeded by
Thomas L. Reese who kept a store there or at Brooke-
ville. Later on Thomas McCormick had a store there.
Basil Brooke lived where William Scofield does now.
Bernard Gilpin at Mt. Airy, where he carried on the
hatting business for many years. Evan Harry, an
eccentric old man, followed the same trade. Hats
were then made by hand, the workmen standing round
a large boiler inclosed by platforms or tables so as to
run the hot water back to the boiler, when the men
dipped the wool and fur into the water and rubbed
it on the table with their hands causing it to "felt.''

It is strange to look back now to those days when
there were no railroads, matches, daguerreotypes or
telegraphs, and before machine felting was devised
which soon interfered with the hand-made article.
Almost every family had its hominy mortar, and spin-
ning wheels, both large and small, for wool and flax.

My recollection of the commencement of Fair Hill
School is rather indefinite, though we often had the
parents of scholars at our house, and also some of the
pupils.

I particularly recollect a boy named Proctor, and
Marv Stretch, who is now the respected wife of Win-
der W. Owens. Benjamin Hallowell spent his first
night in Sandy Spring, under father's hospitable roof.
Though I think he was so disgusted at having to
walk from the turnpike, (Laurel was then not thought
of), that he did not remember much about that even-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 35

ing\ James P. Stabler and Caleb Bentley built the
store and blacksmith shop at Sandy Spring, in 1818,
and opened store the following year. Brookeville
was quite a thriving- village when I first knew it; it
had been incorporated by Richard Thomas, who was
evidently a "woman's rights man," as he named it in
honor of his wife, who was a Brooke. There were
two mills there, one owned by Richard Thomas for
grinding grain, and one by David Newlin for grinding
flaxseed for oil, two tanneries, two blacksmith's shops
and several stores. Doctors Howard and Palmer at-
tended the afflicted in the vicinity. I remember a
little incident, which occurred when I first went to
school in the old log house at Sandy Spring, and
which has remained impressed on my mind since 1822.

Edward Stabler was preparing to build a barn, he
had an Irishman, who drove his teams, by the name
of William Clark, who was the father of James Clark,
the now celebrated manager and ex-president of the
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. William Clark was
hauling logs to Roger Brooke's mill, and become fast
in the mud, just in front of where the Lyceum now
stands, when Stephen Wilson ("Little Steve" we
called him), got on the end of the wagon tongue and
directed the men to back his team, which he did with
the assistance of some of the larger boys, and thus
was extricated from the difficulty; although light in
body "little Steve" was weighty in advice.

The building of large barns by David Frame and
Mahlon Chandlee, came to> my knowledge as some-
thing new; they still remain as monuments to these
men.

30 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

About 1823 and 1824, we had a more successful im-
migration to our vicinity. Amos Farquhar's family
took charge of Fair Hill, Thomas Lea's family came
to Walnut Hill and Joshua Peirce's family to Black
Meadow ; they are still represented among us by hon-
orable descendants. Our friend, the late Benjamin
Hallowell, made his appearance among us just about
this time. 1 recollect his marriage, as also those of
Edward, William Henry, and Caleb Stabler, which all
occurred near together, and were consummated in
public at the meeting-house."'

You will notice with surprise, in the foregoing, how
few families are living on the same farms now that
they occupied in the early part of this century ; people,
and some names have vanished from among us. as
though they had never been. The venerable Mahlon
Chandlee, now in his ninety-fifth year, has furnished
me with a few items of interest relating to "ye olden
time."

"When I first came to this farm," said he, "a young
man of twenty-two, I thought there never was such a
discouraging prospect ; the fields were covered with
sedge, and blackberry vines, and the land washed in
deep gullies. I first built a mill and sawed out most
of the lumber used in the construction of the meeting-
house.

"For many years I worked incessantly with no
thought of taking a trip, or any recreation except an
occasional day off for fishing, a very cheap amuse-
ment, and I am right fond of it yet.

"We went to bed early then, and got up with the
sun, and had few things to take care of, compared

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 37

to this clay. When a young man married then, he did
not have to hire one or two women to wait on his
wife, she did the indoor work, as he did the outdoor ;"
and he added with a merry twinkle in his eye, "Cupid
was more lively in those days, and marriages frequent.
Dress, food and customs were all different."

"In the fall we slaughtered a beef, and this, with
our pork, sufficed for the winter months. We had no
fresh meats, or fish, or oysters then, but we raised a
great quantity of cabbage and winter vegetables, and
these, with our large store of apples, kept through the
cold season. I do not think apples keep as they used
to ; the climate has greatly changed. We had deep
snows that hid the fences from view, when I was a boy.
I well remember," said the old gentleman, "going
somewhere to dine, when a young man, and my indig-
nation at having placed before me a dish of stewed to-
matoes, or 'love apples,' as they were then called. I
thought it outrageous to offer such food, but, now, I
eat them all the year 'round, and find them good and
wholesome." He complained of staying in the house
through the long cold winter, and said he was anxious
to be out, digging and planting his strawberry bed,
for he still retains his industrious habits, and is al-
most constantly employed, thus securing a contented
and happy old age.

Leaving now these Annals of the past, and coming
much nearer the present, my first record for the year
is a snow-storm, which occurred 4th mo. 9th, 1884.

Fortunately Dame Nature had been her own un-
erring almanac, her buds and fruits were safely tucked
under their winter bedclothes, and thus escaped a pre-

38 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

mature death. The season was exceedingly backward,
cold and cloudy, and "probabilities" was evidently
working up samples of weather for the whole year;
April was more than half over before we realized the
sap was rising, leaves unfolding, the garden must be
planted, and spring work under way.

4th month, 30th, Samuel A. Janney, who had gone
abroad for his health, died at Manchester, England,
in his fifty-first year. His remains were brought
home and buried 5th month, 22d, at Woodside Ceme-
tery. The manner of his death, far from home and
friends was extremely sad.

Fifth month, 1st, William Lea, had in successful op-
eration the first potato-planter in this vicinity. '.
ingenious machine, performed with more speed, and
greater certainity, the work of many hands.

On Fifth month, 15th. At a meeting of the Insur-
ance Company, the following resolutions were read
by YYm. H. Farquhar, and seconded by Charles
Abert, in some feeling remarks. "The Board of Direc-
tors were very much interested in the morning se—
in being informed by Henry C. Hallowell, that we
were all in effect celebrating the golden wedding of
our Secretary, Robert R. Moore, and his wife, Hadas-
sah J. The one being the most faithful of officers,,
well-known over the State of Maryland, the other, re-
minding us at every meeting of her kindness in pro-
viding us with the reviving influences of an acceptable
mid-day entertainment. It is the unanimous feeling of
the Board, that we should embrace this interesting
occasion, to express our high respect for the parties
most intimately concerned, and our hearty congratu-

ANNALS OF SAND.Y SPRING. 39

lations to them for having been spared in mutual hap-
piness to a period so rarely attained, with our sincere
wishes that the blessing may be continued so long as
both may share."

Sixth month, 4th. A very successful spring meet-
ing was held at Rockville of the Agricultural Society.
Three out of four prizes for flowers were accorded our
people. A great deal of farm machinery was pur-
chased, and the day greatly enjoyed by a large gather-
ing.

On Sixth month, 8th and 9th, with pleasant
weather, and the luxuriance of summer bloom, came
our Quarterly Meeting, not a very large attendance,
but much interest manifested in the business affairs of
the society by some of our young people.

Sixth month, 13th. Madam Nyman lectured at
Stanmore on the higher education and business ca-
pacity of women, an excellent discourse, delivered in
a very charming manner, and meriting a larger
audience.

On that same afternoon, relatives and interested
friends gathered at Rockland to enjoy the closing ex-
ercises of the school, and to wish God-speed to the
bright young girls of the graduating class, who with
diplomas in hand, fancied their school days over, when
in truth they were but on the threshold of the har-
der school of life. While many children from the far
northern and southern states are being educated in
our midst, some of our own young people have re-
turned the compliment, and have enjoyed in the past
year the advantages of a decided change of scene,

40 ANNALS OF SANDY KPIUXG.

climate and modes of education in northern and south-
ern schools.

Sixth month, 13th. Henry Brooke, eldest child,
and only son of Charles H. and Annie F. Brooke, died
in his eighteenth year. Always delicate, his afflictions
had been mitigated by the loving care and tenderness
of his family; an ardent lover of music, and an ex-
cellent student, had he lived, his mind would have been
his kingdom.

Sixth month, 19th. Dr. Riggs died after a linger-
ing and painful illness ; for many years he had been
the faithful friend and physician of families in our
neighborhood, although properly belonging to
Brookeville.

Sixth month, 20th. There was a successful barn-
raising at Allan Brooke's. Perhaps in no way is the
progress in this vicinity more marked than in the
improvement and erection of outbuildings and barns.
A good farmer in providing comfortable quarters for
his stock, a secure place for implements and machin-
ery, is protecting himself from constant loss and ex-
pense.

Sixth month, 28th. William John, son of John and
Kate D. Thomas, was born.

Seventh month, 13th. Henry Hallowell, son of
Roger and Carrie M. Farquhar, was born.

Our numerous visitors at this time, taking their
daily walks abroad, found themselves in the midst of
a busy harvest scene. The mower and ingenious self-
bmder were familiar objects in many a field, and laid
low the waving grain. The yield was abundant, and

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 41

labor of securing the crops very great, but the weather
was extremely pleasant.

Eighth month, 2nd. Benjamin D. Palmer, junior,
infant son of Benjamin D. and Mollie M. Palmer, died
very suddenly and as some one has beautifully said,
only the parent's heart can know how "black a shad-
ow a little grave can cast."

Eighth month, ioth. An earthquake, which ex-
tended from Maine to Virginia, was severely felt in
many houses at the time it occurred, and more per-
sons felt it perceptibly the next day, after reading of it
in the papers.

On the afternoon and evening of Eighth month,
13th, nearly the whole neighborhood, and many rela-
tives from a distance, met at "The Cedars" to cele-
brate the fiftieth wedding anniversary of our esteemed
friends, William Henry and Margaret B. Farquhar.

The occasion was truly a golden one, in every par-
ticular, after the toil and sorrows that are ever min-
gled with the joys of life. This husband and wife have
entered together the safe harbor of a peaceful old age,
their children, happy and prosperous around them,
friends, young and old, gather about them, and
freight their remaining years with best wishes. Truly,
might be said of them :

"Their wedded love is founded on esteem,
Which the fair merits of the mind engage;
For these are charms which never can decay,
But time, which gives new whiteness to the swan,
Improves their lustre."

Eighth month, 27th. Annie Tyson, widow of Wil-
liam Kirk, died after a brief illness at Jordan Alum

42 ANNALS OF SA^DY SPRING.

Springs, Virginia. Spending much of her life among
her many relations here, it seems proper to insert in
this history a tribute to her fine mind, many accom-
plishments and unusual charity of word and deed ; she
thought and said the best of every one, and this is
an epitaph that few merit or receive.

Ninth month, 3d, 4th and 5th. Many of our people
enjoyed the County Fair at Rockville. The weather
was hot, but clear; the exhibit the finest for year-,
especially of "live stock;" the attendance very large
and the receipts most gratifying. Sandy Spring bore
off many premiums for a great variety of products.

The summer had been so unusually pleasant, it
seemed as if we should escape entirely any intense
heat, but in the ninth month we had a torrid spel1
that made up for all the cooling breezes we had en-
joyed previously.

On the eleventh of ninth month, with the mercury
climbing up into the nineties, the Horticultural So-
ciety held its annual exhibition at the Lyceum. A
promised cold wave did not appear, but the exhibit
did, much more complete than usual, and the oc-
casion was most enjoyable.

Henry C. Hallowell, the President of the Society, in
his opening address, paid a beautiful and fitting tribute
to his co-workers in past years, Alban Gilpen and Wil-
liam John Thomas.

Mr. Philip D. Laird, of Rockville, spoke of the im-
portance of farmers making their homes so attractive,
their children would stay in them, and have no incen-
tive to flock to the big cities. Air. Charles Abert,
favored us with an original poem.

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 43

Ninth month, 18th. Dr. Augustus Stabler and
Helen Snowden were married by Friends' ceremony
at Ingleside. The happy couple joined our thriving
Sandy Spring Colony at Lawrence, Mass., where they
have established a pleasant home.

Tenth month, 14th. At White Hall, the residence
of Samuel Hopkins, Joseph T. Moore, Jr., and Estelle
Tyson were married according to the order of the
Society of Friends.

This bride and groom, freighted with youth, hope
and good wishes, came immediately to their comfor-
table home at "Pen-y-Bryn," which loving hands had
arranged for them.

In this month, the Plainfield families, separated
since the fire, were reunited in their new house which
had risen like the Phoenix, from the ashes of the old.

Long may they all live to enjoy this cheerful and
commodious home, and, as the silver wedding of W.
W. and Mary E. Moore was celebrated beneath the
old roof in 1883, let us hope their golden wedding
may occur in the present structure in 1918.

Tenth month, 23d. Agnes Hallowell, daughter of
John C. and Cornelia H. Bentley, was born.

Eleventh month, 29th. Harry, son of Samuel B.
and Florence Wetherald, was born.

Twelfth month, 10th. Catherine, daughter of Wil-
liam and Annie W. Rigg's, was born and died in a
few hours.

Twelfth month, 17th. Clarice, daughter of J. Jan-
ney and Helen R. Shoemaker, was born.

Twelfth month, 19th. The mercury fell below zero,

44 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

and the beginning of an unusually cold and inclement
winter was upon us.

Christmas day was bright and clear, sleighing ex-
cellent, and the merry jingle of bells resounded
through the crisp air, as old and young hastened to
the family meeting. Many a noble turkey, that bird so
often sacrificed on the family altar, met its fate that
day, and left its bones bleaching on the festive board.

Xew Year's day was scarcely observed, and but few
formal calls made — perhaps everybody was engaged
in drafting good resolutions for the future, or turning
over the proverbial "new leaf."

First month, 20th. The Lyceum was filled with the
farmers of Montgomery and adjoining counties, 'who
had assembled, as had been their custom for sixteen
years, to compare experiments and results in Agri-
cultural practice.

Henry C. Hallowell was made chairman, and Allan
Farquhar and Henry H. Miller secretaries of the con-
vention.

The protection of sheep, the persistence of the hog
thistle, ensilage, the question of introducing foreign
labor and the use of various phosphates, were dis-
cussed with great interest and profit.

The reports of the several clubs were most grati-
fying. The "Boy," or youngest one of all, holding
its own in honorable competition with its father and
grandfather. The ladies furnished a bountiful lunch,
of which several hundred partook.

First month, 22nd. Walter Scott and Lula Christ
were married in Baltimore, by Episcopal ceremony.
A large and pleasant reception was held that evening

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 45

at the home of the newly-married couple in Sandy
Spring.

First month, 23d. William Hill's house was en-
tirely destroyed by fire.

The First and Second months may be fitly called
the dead of winter.

The lifeless trees sharply outlined against a grey
sky, the frequent storm, the piercing cold, the death-
like sleep of the brown and frozen earth waiting for
the resurrection and the life of spring. But who
among us does not feel that at this season comes the
intellectual enjoyment often denied us, when fields
are green, and a thousand distracting influences tempt
us to outdoor scenes. In the long winter evenings we
can draw the curtains, and with bright lights, glowing
fires and our favorite books, taste all the pleasures of
indoor country life. We were not, however, confined
entirely to that cheapest and most lasting of all en-
joyments, reading, for our energetic young people had
a charming entertainment at the Lyceum, creditable
in every respect to the internal resources of our
neighborhood. Warned, by the play of the " Deco-
rative Sisters," it is hardly possible the Esthetic craze
will break out in our -midst. Our fields will not now
be given over to the exclusive cultivation of the sun-
flower, our churns and rolling pins will be guiltless
of pictures of the cattail and the lily, neither will our
barn doors and fences be decorated with the emblems
of Oscar Wilde, or the Alderneys' horns tied up
with sad-colored ribbons.

Another entertainment at the Grange Hall, in
which our young ladies participated in the becoming

46 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

costumes of the "Chocolate Girl" yielded a respect-
able sum for a charitable object.

Some delightful tea parties broke the monotony.
The Hon. Alonzo Bell, of Washington, gave us a
most interesting and instructive discourse entitled,
"The Mission of Life." And with this variety of g1ood
things, the sameness of the winter months was greatly
mitigated.

Second month, 23d, died our esteemed friend,.
Anna Miller, in her eighty-third year. Although liv-
ing in Alexandria, she was so often with us, and so
closely connected with Sandy Spring by ties of affec-
tion and relationship, a memorial of her is not out of
place here. Her active and useful life has been as
a beautiful example and sermon to all who knew her.
The mother of a large family, her calm and equable
temperament that was as a rock of safety to resist the
storms and vicissitudes of existence. It was her hap-
py fortune to grow old gracefully, and time seemed
scarcely to have touched her youthful tenderness,
while on her face was reflected the beauty of a noble
nature and pure heart. As a queen, was she among
women, the love and cafe of numerous children, grand-
children and greatgrandchildren was her kingdom,
their devotion her throne.

I have but few notes for March, which came in like
a lion and stayed like a polar bear, and if I had kept a
record of the weather it could hardly have been
thawed out in time for the annual meeting.

On Third month. 18th. the household at Cloverly
was stricken with its first sorrow in the death of Ag-
ness Hallowell Bentlev, iust five months old. Like

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 47

an unfolded bud, in her innocent purity, she was laid
away on the afternoon of the nineteenth.

"It is not growing like a tree,

In bulk, doth make men better be;

Nor standing long an oak,

Three hundred year,

To fall ia log at last, dry, bald and sere.

A lily of a day, is fairer, far, than they,

Although it fade and die that night;

It is the plant and flower of light,

In small proportions we just beauty see,

And in short measure life may perfect be."

On the evening of third month, 24th, Dr. Francis
Thomas entertained a large and appreciative audi-
ence at the Lyceum with a graphic account of a
recent trip to the New Orleans Exposition and
through the Southern States.

Fourth month, 29th. Miss Phoebe Cozzans of St.
Louis, delivered at the meeting-house an address
on Temperance, which was enjoyed by many.

Fourth month, 31st. Mr. and Mrs. Marlowe lost
their only child, a bright and promising boy of two
years. Much sympathy was felt for them in this afflic-
tion.

A few more items of general interest may be men-
tioned.

The crops, of course, come first as of vital import-
ance to farmers.

With the exception of fruit, they were abundant
and excellent, but with wheat selling at from eighty
to ninety cents per bushel, and potatoes from fifty to
sixty cents, it has been a most unprofitable year to
tillers of the soil.

4 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

As a silver lining to this cloud ail the necessaries
of life have been exceeding low. If the merchant
has paid us the merest pittance for our produce,
we in turn have bought his goods cheaper than ever
before. Perhaps we have had as much spending
money as in past years, when a load of hay sold for
one hundred dollars, and muslin was ninety cents a
yard.

The secretary of the Enterprise Club writes me
"they are all as poor as beggars/' although one of
their number raised on twenty-eight and a-half acres
thirteen hundred and sixteen bushels of wheat, an
average of forty-six bushels, ten pounds to the acre.
The largest yield ever reported in the county.

From those farmers who make the dairy an import-
ant branch, I have compiled a report; this does
not include by any means the whole neighborhood,
but is confined, with two exceptions, to members of
the Enterprise and Montgomery Clubs.

Pounds of butter produced in the past year, 28,889,
gallons of cream, 20,293.

The erection at some central point of a "creamery,"
has been widely discused. At no distant day it will be
an established fact. The milk from all the adjacent
farms will be gathered in on the cooperative system,
and with the aid of Swedish separators, and modern
appliances, the yield of cream will be greatly increased,
and individual labor diminished.

The bank has now on deposit over 200,000 dollars,
and the Fire Insurance Company has increased its
risks S630.701.oo, in the past year, and now insures
over $16,000,000 dollars worth of property.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 49

A number of new houses have been built at Sandy
Spring, along our main avenues, and at Ashton, and
these rival metropolises will soon be shaking hands,
and electing the same Mayor and Common Council.

Benjamin D. Palmer and Granville Farquhar have
put up windmills for the introduction of water through
their houses. Edward P. Thomas has built a stable,
John C. Bentley a stable, and William Lea a palatial
pig palace. The new house at Plainfield, began last
year, has been finished and occupied. Thomas L.
Moore has built, a commodious house on a portion of
Norwood farm, it is finely situated and has received
the name of "Rutledge." From the fact that the
young gentleman has recently made application for
a ten days leave of absence from the insurance office
to find a tenant for his new habitation, it is sur-
mised that before many moons we will have another
Benedict among us.

In the second month, a new postoffice was estab-
lished midway between Spencerville and Sandy
Spring, which was named Ednor, and Dr. Francis
Thomas appointed postmaster. It will doubtless prove
a great convenience to the forty-three families living
within one mile of it.

The question of the erection of a telephone line be-
tween Ashton and Rockville was agitated, but no de-
cided steps taken to insure its completion.

The telegraph operator, Mr. Sullivan, kindly fur-
nishes me with a full report of business done through-
out the year. There were more messages sent and
received in June than during any other month. Num-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ber of messages sent in the year, five hundred and
twelve. Received five hundred and thirty-three.

The dedication of the Washington Monument, Feb-
ruary 2 1st, was attended by a number of our citizens,
and glimpses of this noble structure, from various
points in our neighborhood, seem to connect us more
closely than ever with the National Capital.

The young women of the neighborhood, not find-
ing all they craved in the dozen or more societies
already existing here, have established yet, another,
which meets in the afternoon and adjourneth before
' ye early candle light." As it has no semblance of de-
pendence on the male sex, it is properly called "The
Independent."

In spite of "hard times," most of our people have
enjoyed their annual trips, and some of them, like
the popular magazines, start out monthly for a change
of scene and air.

In the early summer, a coaching party, comprising
both sexes, and including the best baby its mother
ever saw, rode several hundred miles through the
beautiful valleys and mountains of Virginia, and
judging by an agreeable account of it, given at Olney
Grange, by one of the lady tourists, this rational mode
of travel should be more generally adopted by farm-
ers and their families.

Two or three persons from our neighborhood have
crossed the ocean, a number visited New Orleans and
Florida, and many taken shorter and less expensive
trips.

We have welcomed the coming and sped the part-
ing of some six or seven hundred guests during the

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 51

past year, and had them with us at all seasons — a
good many came on bicycles.

As the worthies in "yon old graveyard, lying
low" plodded to meeting behind their safe, slow
horses in bygone days — how little could they foresee
their grandsons speeding over the country at the rate
of ten or fifteen miles an hour on a lonesome vehicle,
composed of a very large wheel, running after a very
small wheel, and propelled by their own muscle ! By
what effort of the imagination can we see in the next
century the flying machines anchored outside the
meeting-house, and when the silent hour has passed,
the little boys and girls who face me now, but will
face the meeting then, will mount their winged car-
riages, catch the favoring breeze, and soar away home,
regardless of anything but the winds that blow, and
the principles of aerial navigation. Perhaps in their
upward flight, your future "Historian" will have to
chronicle the loss of the very last "broad brim" ever
known in Sandy Spring! !

My record would hardly be complete without some
mention of the presidential campaign, which engrossed
the time and attention of our people in the summer
and fall of 1884. With five candidates in the field, and
one of them a lady on a tricycle, there was ample
scope for difference of opinion, discussion, abuse and
vituperation. At the time of the election returns, and
uncertainty attending the count, our telegraph office
was besieged by eager voters, day and night, half of
whom felt sure the country would go to destruction,
and they could not survive the election of Cleveland ;
the other half were filled with equally dismal forebod-

52 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ings should Blaine prove victorious. When the remot-
est county was heard from, and the matter decided,
the sky did not fall. To the astonishment of every one
affairs went on much as usual, and all parties helped
swell the immense crowd, thronging Washington on
the fourth of March, to bid adieu to the outgoing
and witness the incoming dynasty.

It is pleasant to note the fact that James P. Stab-
ler has resumed his permanent abode among us and
Madge Miller, after several years of study, has re-
turned to Sandy Spring, our first graduate from Yas-
sar College.

This year 1 have counted the bachelors, and there
seems to be but twenty of them all told. In spite of
the general use of barbed wire fences, most difficult
fee climb, several of them have escaped from our
midst and married elsewhere. Meanwhile the solid
phalanx of seventy-seven spinsters remains unbrok-
en. If they choose to wed, what possible resistance
could a feeble minority of twenty make in the face
of a determined and overwhelming majority. Let us
hope this band of "unappropriated blessings" will go
down illustrious in the Annals of Sandy Spring as
having been all needed to help the married people
along.

George Washington said "Agriculture is the most
healthful, most useful and most noble employment
of man," and he might have added the most unceas-
ing. From the "first furrow of spring, to the last
stack the snows of winter overtake in the field, the
farmer pursues his varying round. The sowing of
the seed, the constant cultivation, the gathering of

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 53

the harvest, the storing and disposal of the crop," one
duty treading closely upon the heels of the next, with
cold, heat, and insect blight to be guarded against.
Daily toil and eternal vigilance make the successful
farmer.

If he seems to have comparatively small returns in
cash for all this labor, he has at least great compensa-
tion in a free and untrammeled life, and the satis-
faction of accomplishing ends by legitimate means.

"Only after hardest striving-
Cometh sweet and perfeot rest,
Life is found to be worth living
To the one who does his best."

But even after doing his best in this period of uni-
versal business depression, the farmer has had his full
share of embarrassment arising from the continued
high price of labor and the low price of produce .
It has become to many a serious question whether
the land can be made to sustain the family in the
present style of living, without returning to' the strict
economies and privations of former days.

Taken as a whole, the year has been uneventful.
But each rolling season leaves its impress on every
human life and its surroundings.

To some of us, who have stood in anguish over our
beloved dead, it seems that the past year has taken
more from us than all the years to come can give.

In thinking what we might have done had we only
known, we repeat with unavailing regret the words
of the poet :

54 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

"We'll read that book, we'll sing that song,
But when, oh, when the days are long —
When thoughts are free, and voices clear,
Some happy time within the year;
The days troop by with noiseless tread,
The song unsung, the book unread.

"We'll see that friend, and make him feel
The weight of friendship true as steel;
Some flower of sympathy bestow —
But time sweeps on with steady flow.
Until, with quick reproachful tear,
We lay our flowers upon his bier.

"And still we walk the desert sands.
And still with trifles All our hands;
While ever just beyond our reach,
A fairer purpose shows to each
The deeds we have not done, but willed.
Remain to haunt us. unfulfilled."

CHAPTER III.

From Fourth Month, 1SS5. to Fourth Month, :-

Mr. and Mrs. Warwick P. Miller and four children go to
Europe — Louis E. McOomas lectured — Locust year —
Sunderland P. Gardener visited Sandy Spring — Disap-
pearance of Philip Haviland — Local option petition
signed by 3,850 names, presented to the Legisl
by Delegate Philip D. Laird — A National College to
educate farmers — Obituaries of Mrs. B. D. Waters and
Anna L. Moore.

When I complained a few weeks ago that items
worthy of record had not been very numerous during

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 55

the past year, it was suggested to me by a thoughtful
friend, that most historians in seasons of great dearth,
Grew on their imaginations and made "history to or-
der." This might avail your unfortunate chronicler if
she were writing entirely for posterity, but what loop-
hole of escape is there for the wildest flight of fancy,
when everything must be set down and read out in
the very face of her ancestors.

There is one subject that is common to all men and
women kind, it is interesting alike to country born, and
city bred, it is of vital importance to the inhabitants
of all climes, from the pole to the equator, and like
grim death it has "all seasons for its own." Unlike
other topics, this of which I speak is never out of
fashion, it is as old as time, as new as this morning's
sunrise.

When Adam first met his beauteous Eve, he doubt-
less began the first conversation with a pertinent re-
mark on the weather, and I will commence my narra-
tive by following this illustrious example.

On the 8th of Fourth month, 1885, the day after
the annual meeting, there was quite a severe thunder-
storm and on the 10th, by the way of violent contrast,
a snow-storm.

April maintained her usual fickle and inconstant be-
havior and, like a veritable coquette, held winter by
one hand, as though reluctant to part from icy bonds
and with the other, tried to grasp the hot sunshine of
summer.

Those notable housewives who hurried reluctant
lords and masters into early plowing of gardens, and
abated not their activity until vegetables had been

50 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRIXG.

planted, were not a little dismayed to find a thick
covering of snow rewarding their premature zeal.

Everything was decidedly backward, and there was
much complaint among our farmers at the tardy
grass growth, as they had been feeding stock since
October.

We are very apt to forget, from year to year, and
to feel that the present season is the worst ever
known.

An extract from a diary kept in 1843, says "the
mercury in the Third month of that year, was gen-
erally below the freezing point in the morning and
snow fell to the depth of fourteen inches."

The first peach tree flowered at Bloomfield, the 24th
c>+" Fourth month. Oats were not sown until the first
of Fifth month, and finished plowing corn the 15th.

On Fourth month, 12th, the many friends of Airs.
Z. D. Waters were shocked to hear of her brief ill-
ness and sudden death, and on the 14th, a large con-
course followed her remains to the family burial-
ground so near the home her presence and care had
made beautiful and happy. She was most estimable
in all her relations of life, and her bereaved husband
and sons had the sincere sympathy of the community.

Fourth month, 22nd. Thomas L. Moore was mar-
ried in Richmond. Virginia, to Miss Dorothy Allison,
of that place. A large family party went from here
to witness the ceremony, and on the 28th. a brilliant
reception was given at Xorwood to the bride and
groom. Nearly the entire neighborhood, as well as
many strangers from a distance, thronged that hos-
pitable homestead to offer congratulations and good

ANNALS OF SANDY. SPRING. 57

wishes to the young couple, just entering on new and
untried paths.

Fourth month, 30th. The Hon. Louis E. McCom-
as lectured at the Lyceum on the Dartmouth Col-
lege Case, the verdict rendered then, by the best legal
talent in the country, having given precedent to all
other monopolies since. He was especially severe on
the selfish and grasping policy of the Baltimore and
Ohio R. R. Co., and advised all farmers throughout
Maryland to fight this and all other aggressive and
oppressive monopolies.

April merged into May and all nature was astir
with the rising sap and sudden burst of vegetation.

"Robins on the tree rtiops,
Blossoms in the grass,
Green thing's growing
Everywhere yon pass;
Sudden little breezes,
Showers of silver dew,
Black bough and bent twig
Budding out anew;
Pine tree and willow tree,
Fringed elm and larch,
Don't yiou think that Miay time's
Pleasanter than March?"

Towards the last of Fifth month, the farmer in his
upturned furrow, and the lady digging in her flower
beds, unearthed a wonderful army of sappers and min-
ers, the advance guard of the seventeen year locusts.
By thousands and ten thousands, they crept to the sur-
face, swarmed up the trees, cast oflf their shrouds, and
appeared in brand-new spring suits. For six weeks

58 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

the air was vibrant with their shrill singing. While
Madam Locust was busy piercing the tender twigs
and limbs, and depositing her eggs, Monsieur Locust
occupied all his time in musical concerts ! It is an
old witticism —

"Happy the cicadas' lives,

Since they a.ll have voiceless wives,

and perhaps the extreme rarity of such conjugal
bliss ought to excuse such noisy demonstration
over it. Day after day the papers teemed with lo-
custs.

Science, ignorance, conjecture were exhausted on
the buzzing insect. Our modern savants, emulating
the ancient Greeks, ate locusts fried or stewed for
breakfast. Meanwhile they came, they sang, they
went, leaving the forests blighted and hideous with
dead and fallen boughs, and remaining as much a
mystery as when the Biblical Prophet declared in
holy writ, "They come like the noise of a liame of
fire that devoureth stubble, and the land is, as the
Garden of Eden before them, and behind them, a deso-
late wilderness." Even at the phenomenally slow
rate with which unmarried girls grow old in Sandy
Spring, I feel that some of us will have passed the
first flush of youth when these original inhabitants of
the soil return to convince us that seventeen years
have again rolled over our young heads.

The spring meeting of the Montgomery County
Agricultural Society, held at Rcckville, the 1st of Sixth
month, was well attended by our farmers, who made
many purchases of machinery and implements.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 59

Our quarterly meeting on the 9th was, as usual,
large and interesting to home folks, as well as visiting
friends.

Sixth month, 17th. Samuel P., son of Edward P.
and Mary Bentley Thomas, was born.

Despite the inevitable croakings and the fear of a
poor yield, the wheat harvest was abundant, the
weather extremely pleasant, and about the 25th of
the month the hum of the mower and binder almost
drowned the shrill cry of the ubiquitous locust.

In this month Charles Farquhar graduated as
Doctor of Medicine at the University of Pennsylva-
nia, the same college that had bestowed its diploma on
his father, many years before.

Seventh month, 6th. Ethel, daughter of Allan and
Lottie Farquhar, was born.

Seventh month, 17th. Thomas J. Lea, of Bright-
en, was married to Anna G. Wilson, of Rockville.

All the loveliness of summer fruit, flower and h.eaU
was now upon us, but there was no rest for the farm-
er until grass and wheat were secured, and with the
feeding of hungry men, canning and preserving and
innumerable other duties, indoor activity rivaled that
of the fields.

Perhaps if our greatgrandmothers could have paid
us a spiritual visit on one of those hot July days, and
had seen the convenient little kerosene stove on the
dining-room table, and noticed the comparative ease
with which jellies and preserves were cooked, unac-
companied by any great degree of heat to the attend-
ant, they might have felt they had lived and died too-
early in the present century.

60 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Coal and kerosene are more extensively used every
year among us for heating and cooking purposes,
and when unsightly wood piles have entirely van-
ished, a coming generation may regard the old story,
'""Woodman spare that tree," a very superfluous pe-
tition.

"Apples in the orchard,

Mellowing one by one,

Strawberries upturning

Soft cheeks to the sun;

Roses faint with sweetness,

Lilies fair of face,

Drowsy scents and murmurs

Haunting every place;

Lengths of golden sunshine,

Moonlight bright as day,

Don't you think thait summer's

Pleasanter than May?"

All through the Eighth month our neighborhood
was full of visitors, social enjoyment was at its height.
Croquet and lawn-tennis in the mornings, picnics
and baseball in the afternoons, riding parties in the
evenings, dinners, teas and surprises all the time,
probably convinced our city friends that to "plow
and sow, and reap and mow," was not the sum total
of farm life.

On the 22nd of this month, a very agreeable enter-
tainment was given at the Lyceum. Music, tableaux,
and twenty love-sick maidens in a scene from the
opera of "Patience." surrounded a weary and dis-
gusted Bunthorne. Several visitors ably assisted our
native talent on this occasion.

The Ninth month came in with fine, cool weather,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 61

and the crowds who thronged the fair grounds at
Rockville, on the 2d, 3rd and 4th, were enabled to en-
joy the really good exhibit in comfort. The varied
products of house, garden and farm were most com-
plete, and very noticeable were the fine herds of Jer-
sey, Holstein and Devon cattle. Sandy Spring bore
off premiums from every department.

It was in this month that our esteemed friends,
Warwick P. and Mary M. Miller, started on a long
contemplated trip to Europe, and the privileged few,
who had the benefit of their delightful letters from for-
eign lands, enjoyed their wanderings with them.

Many of our neighbors who had not gone to the
mountain or seashore earlier in the season, indulged
in short trips on excursions to Luray and Pen-Mar.

On the first of Tenth month, Richard T. Bentley
withdrew from the old mercantile firm at Sandy
Spring, which his father had helped establish in 181 7.

The annual exhibit of the Horticultural Society was
omitted in the Tenth month, but all the various
"clubs" and "associations" were in full tide, and so
frequent were the weekly or monthly meetings at the
various houses, it would seem sometimes as if social
visiting was lost sight of, and society merged into so-
cieties.

The forests glowed with brilliant colors, crisp morn-
ings and bright days invited to long walks and rides,
but the farmer and his army of helpers had little time
for recreation or observation of the beauties of Octo-
ber foliage. From early morn till dewy eve, his one
idea was, potatoes, more potatoes, and still potatoes,
— his one wish that he had a "patent hinge in his

62 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

back," as he bent again and again to his tiresome
task. Thousands and thousands of bushels over-
flowed cellars, barns and bins, and still the plowshare
perseveringly brought to light more tubers. Quantity,
however, exceeded quality, and many bushels were
hardly worth the gathering — frequent showers re-
tarded the task, and other farm work pressed —

"John in the corn field

Pulling golden ears,

Cousin George, with hound and horn,

Suddenly appears;

Music ringing in the air,

Over woods and rocks.

Young Quakers, old Quakers,

Followers of Fox.

High — Low — and Beulah.

Chase him to his den:

Friendly hunters hold the 'brush,'

As mightier than Penn.

Chestnuts in the aghes,

Bursting thro' the rind —

Red leaf, gold leaf.

Whistling down the wind;

Housewife doing peaches

All the afternoon —

Don't you think that Autumn's

Pleasanter tha.n June?"

A large delegation of various ages attended Balti-
more Yearly Meeting, the last of Tenth month, and
a week or two afterwards, Sunderland P. Gardener,
minister from Xew York State, who had addressed
most acceptably that large gathering, preached in
mid-week meeting here. His sermon was listened
to with great interest by persons of all denomina-
tions present.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING. 63

The first event in the Eleventh month was so sad
that the grief and desolation of one stricken family
and home spread like a pall over the entire neighbor-
hood.

When I speak of Anna L., wife of Joseph T. Moore,
who among us will not vividly recall the beauty of
her face, her sweet voice, her cordial, pleasant man-
ner and the indescribable, yet perfect charm of her
lovely presence ?

Of most humble opinion of herself and unappre-
ciative of her own abilities, only her intimate rela-
tives and friends knew how much she accomplished
in life or were admitted to the inner temple of her
cultivated and well-stored mind.

When differences arose, she was ever the peace-
maker, and the safeguard of a tolerant spirit sealed
her lips to the faults of others. Gossip and censure
were outside the exalted realm of her conscience and
character.

The "pure in heart shall see God.^ A true lover
of nature, she saw him always in his wondrous works,
and took the keenest delight in the varied pictures
presented by the changing seasons.

She had the gift of beholding the good and beau-
tiful in all surrounding objects, and how often would
she enjoy and comment upon the majestic approach
of a storm, the exquisite tints of a fine sunset, the
evening glow over the fields and woods.

With undaunted courage she submitted to a danger-
ous operation in the early summer, and without one
• word of repining or impatience, endured the pain and

64 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

discomfort that followed. If the prayers and bless-
ings of the gentle Catholic Sisters., who crowded about
her, on the morning of her departure from their kindly
care, had been answered, we would now be rejoicing
in her restoration to health instead of mourning her
untimely loss. She seemed to fade with the changing
season and falling leaf, and it was only too apparent
that human skill and care and affection were power-
less to save her. With unspeakable anguish her hus-
band and children, her aged mother and her friends,
saw her failing hour by hour. The pale messenger
had touched her with icy fingers, and she was rapid-
ly passing toward that unknown country, whence none
could follow.

Behind the veil of this life, there is a mystery,
which she penetrated on the 8th day of Eleventh
month, 1885.

The central ornament of a happy home, the devoted
wife, the queen mother among her sons and daught-
ers, the faithful and loving friend has gone from us
forever. Her memory shall exhort, and her example
shall encourage and persuade those who come after,
to emulate her truth, her purity and her virtues, and
to hold in sweet remembrance the fragrance of her
stainless life.

"She being- dead, yet speaketh. all may hear

The messag-e left us, by her lovely life,

In deeds that live, in action's thart endure.

As friend and sister, daughter, mother, wife.

Then let not grief persuade us she is dead,

She has but left us for fairer shore,

And though her spirit heavenward may have fled <

Her influence remains f orevermor e."

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 65

Her funeral at Norwood on the afternoon of
Eleventh month, ioth, was very large, and charac-
terized by unusual quiet and solemnity, and on that
occasion, Caroline H. Miller offered the following
tribute :

It is impossible to give expression to the sense of
loss experienced by the community at her death. Our
hearts ache with a double sorrow, sorrow for you and
for ourselves, nor can we put into words the admira-
tion, almost adoration, which her heroism from first
to last has inspired. The lesson of her calm courage,
hei patient and cheerful endurance, her unselfish con-
sideration for others, and her triumphant close will
live for generations, as will the gracious memory of
her loveliness and charm. Heavy as is the bereave-
ment, in view of her suffering and of her speedy re-
lease, let us, at least, try to say with our whole hearts

Oh, lovely and fair, we rejoice thou art there
Jn the kingdom of light, with its treasures untold,
Where the air thrills with joyous hosannas, and where
Thou wilt never grow old, sweet, never grow old*

Eleventh month, 17th. Mary Snowden, of Ingle-
side, was married in Baltimore, to Charles Warfield,
of Howard County.

Christmas weather was fine and clear, and our
schoolgirls returning from distant states to spend
the holidays, brought their friends with them. Mas-
sachusetts, Texas, Pennsylvania, and many other sec-
tions, were represented in the gay, young parties
that gathered round the blazing yule log.

December 25th, Mary Willis, daughter of Granville
and Pattie T. Farquhar, was born.

66 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPEIXG.

About Christmas, and for some weeks after, there
was much excitement in our midst over the disap-
pearance of Philip Haviland, a Friend living some
miles away, but belonging to the Orthodox meeting
here.

His wagon was found abandoned on the pike, at
"Sligo," and it was generally supposed he had been
foully dealt with. Numerous persons from here as-
sisted in the search for him, which was continued for
days without developing anything of a satisfactory
nature to clear up the mystery.

First month, ist, 1886, was so balmy, so bright and
so full of golden promises, the first quotation from the
"Dickens Calendar," compiled by Mary- Bentley
Thomas, and published by Wanamaker, of Philadel-
phia, was singularly appropriate.

"We are bound by every rule of justice and equity,
to give the Xew Year credit for being a good one un-
til he proves himself unworthy the confidence reposed
in him."

The annual statement of The Mutual Fire Insurance
Company at this time showed an increase in risks of
over half a million dollars above the previous year.

The condition of the Sandy Spring Savings Institu-
tion was no less prosperous.

First month, 7th. The Fourteenth, and largest
Farmers' Convention ever held here, gathered at the
Lyceum, with Henry C. Hallowell in the chair, and
H. H. Miller and Frank Snowden, Secretaries. Sev-
eral committees appointed last year read reports on
the subjects of "Railroad Crossings," "Protection of
Sheep" and "Creameries." Ex-Governor Hamilton

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 67

made an excellent impression on the meeting, by his
speech, and especially pleased the farmers of Mont-
gomery by saying that their crops of last year, as re-
ported in the Club proceedings, exceeded those of his
own county, though in former times, in Washington
County, Montgomery was regarded almost as a deso-
late waste.

Resolutions were passed, instructing delegates to
the "Farmers' Associations" to endeavor to have that
body present a memorial to the Legislature, ask-
ing the establishment of an Agricultural Experi-
ment Station.

First month, 9th. A blizzard and snow-storm oc-
curred, which for days necessitated travel through
the fields, the roads being impassable. Wagons re-
turning from Washington were abandoned on the
pike. A large force turned out and opened thorough-
fares through huge drifts. With more than enough
snow, the sleighing was wretched and hazardous, and
the most devoted husband and father thought noth-
ing of upsetting his entire family several times in a
short ride.

The oldest inhabitant came promptly to the front
with reminiscences of the days of his youth, when
he sleighed right over fences and other trifling ob-
structions, and our storm sank into insignificance in
the face of the superior discomforts of those "good
old times.'' There was no difficulty in procuring an
ample supply of ice, and it seemed thick enough and
cold enough, but it was as nothing compared to the
ice seen and remembered by our most ancient inhabi-
tant of all. Friend Rebecca Russell, in the latter part

68 ANXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

of the last century, when the Brandywine was frozen
to its very bottom.

First month, 19th. The Rev. Frederic D. Powers,
of Washington, delivered at the Lyceum a beautiful
lecture on "The Life and Character of James A. Gar-
field."

Second Month, 24th. Dorothy Brooke, daughter
of Charles F. and Corrie M. Brooke, was born.

Through January and February, it was often re-
marked, we were having a real old-fashioned season
of clouds, storms, and piercing winds. "As the days
lengthened, the cold strengthened," and the perfect
picture of winter which Shakespeare presents in two
verses, in — "Loves Labor Lost," might be quoted
here, turned into prose. He tells of icicles hanging
from the walls ; of Dick, the shepherd, blowing on
his hands to warm them with the same breath he blows
his porridge to cool it ; next, Tom drags huge logs to
the great hall fire. Then follows the milkmaid, with
her raw, red nose, the milk frozen in the pail; wo-
manlike, she pities the poor, shivering birds outside
in the snow. Neither do matters mend in church
where there is such a noise of coughing as to drown
the parson's discourse, one aisle answering to an-
other, as if the congregation were playing at catch-
ing balls, instead of colds. Several of our friends were
housed through the entire winter, some suffered from
tedious illness, and there were more accidents than
usual in the way of broken bones, and lesser casu-
alties, and one narrow escape from a fallen limb,
winch pinned two young ladies to the earth until, like
"truth, they rose again," almost miraculously un-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 69

hurt. With terrific winds, uprooting many a tree,
and scattering unnumbered branches, February blew
itself out, and another winter with all its chances for
home culture, all its distinctive indoor life, its cosy
comforts, its freezing discomforts was over.

"Little fairy snow flakes,
Dancing in the flue,
Old Mr. Santa Claus,
Wh>att is keeping- you?
Twilight and firelight —
'Shadows come and go,
Merry chimes of sleigh-bells
Twinkling- through f>he isnow;
Mother knitting stockings,
Pussy's got the ball,
Don't you think that Winter's
Pleasanter than all?"

In the Third month, the subject of "local option"
was again agitated, although it was supposed by all
advocates of temperance, law and order, that this im-
portant question had been definitely settled at the
polls by a majority of fifteen hundred.

The initiatory steps in opposing the reopening of
this matter, were taken in Sandy Spring Monthly
Meeting Temperance Society, and on the 12th of
Third month, a number of our friends, with others
from the county, carried to Annapolis petitions sign-
ed by three thousand, eight hundred and fifty names .
These documents were brought to the notice of the
Legislature by our able delegate, Philip D. Laird, of
Rockville, in a short and decided speech, that did
great credit to his head and heart.

"Reports from the County Board of Health have

70 ANXALS OF SANDY SPEING.

also been presented to the Governor and Legislature,
in the past year, and it is gratifying to know, that in
our district, public attention to the rules of health has
largely increased, and the improvement in the sani-
tary condition is very marked. The people seem to be
in kindly sympathy with the board, as shown by their
ready compliance with official and personal requests,
and by applications to the members of the board for
advice regarding the surroundings and arrangements
of their homes.'' On several occasions the president,
Henry C. Hallowell, has delivered lectures on sani-
tary science and rules of health, to large and inter-
ested audiences in different localities.

On late February or early March days, attention
was attracted to stalwart figures, striding over the
fields, bearing a curious tin arrangement, not unlike
those used to illuminate the dark and devious ways of
politicians in torch light processions. On nearer ap-
proach the farmer was seen to be enveloped in a
cloud of fine seed, and this newcomer proved to be
a patent clover-seed sower, capable of doing, in two
hours, by the mere turning of a crank, the day's work
of a man.

The corn-planter has also been added to our farm-
ing implements, since last year, and this does the work
of six men in one day.

With all these labor-saving machines, people seem
to be as much pressed for time as ever.

South Carolina Rock has now stood the test of
three years' use in our section, and its benefit to the
soil is an assured fact; the introduction of it lias
greatly reduced the price of other fertilizers.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 71

On the evening of Third month, 30th, Madam Ney-
man, of Germany, delivered a lecture at the Lyceum
on "Woman's Mission to Humanity." The small
audience that braved the inclement weather was well
repaid in listening to a very beautiful discourse, most
charmingly delivered, and was greatly edified by
Caroline H. Miller's introductory remarks.

The Third month completes the circle of our his-
torical year, and in lieu of other items, I will note
some events of general interest" that have been scat-
tered through the past months.

While we have had one pleasant addition to our
neighborhood in Dr. W. French Green, of Virginia,
assistant to Dr. Magruder, we have sustained some
losses in the removal of friends to distant states.

Clara Chalfant and family have located in Atlanta,
Georgia ; Richard Magruder has gone to Massachu-
setts ; Frederic P. and George H. Moore to New York
City ; Mary P. Thomas to Denver, Colorado.

Miss Tillum and Miss Pierce have returned from
Pennsylvania, and are keeping house near Brighton,
and Katherine Stabler, after a brief visit to the far
west, has established herself in a home at Ashton.

There have been several transfers of property.
Henry C. Hallowell bought from Mary L. Roberts a
strip of woodland adjoining Rockland.

Mrs. Mary G. Tyson and daughters are to be con-
gratulated on the purchase of "Kentmore," they will
soon have a pleasant, new home erected, which is to
be rechristened "Marden."

Thomas Lea, senior, has bought land opposite
"Springdale," and is preparing to build on it.

72 ANXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Admiral James E. Jouett now owns "Fulford."

In extending a welcome to this distinguished officer
of the navy, let us hope that when he has "beaten
his sword into a plowshare, and his spear into a
pruning-hook, he will be as successful in the peace-
ful arts of agriculture, as he has heretofore been re-
nowned in the sterner duties of war.

Our principal schools, Rockland and Sherwood,
have been full and flourishing, our public schools ob-
tain their quota, and Edith B. Thomas has a small
school at Clifton, which may, perhaps, in the future,
compare as the oak to the acorn.

Miss Alice Tyson has calisthenic and dancing
classes at Rockland and Fulford. It is evident that
while young ideas are taught to shoot, — young mus-
cles are to be instructed in the best ways of strength
and grace.

It is pleasant to note an improvement every year in
various homes, as well as in outbuildings and shelter
for stock.

Philip Stabler has built a fine barn. Three houses
have gone up on the main avenue, and a new porch
at Avon.

Sherwood Mill has been enlarged, a conservatory
and other pleasant changes made at "The Cedars."

James P. Stabler has finished a very complete work-
shop at Sharon.

.Although history should perhaps only deal with ac-
complished facts, yet it is rumored that the long-con-
templated creamery is actually in process of construc-
tion as well as a new dwelling on R. Rowland Moore's
farm.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 73

The ladies at Sunset and Mt. Airy are rejoicing in
new conservatories.

Clifton house, like an old Friend with a modern
fashionable bonnet on, has been re-roofed, and both it
and Bloomfield house are looking through larger spec-
tacles than ever before. The ancient, small panes of
glass in the windows having been replaced by large
lights, to the great benefit of the livers ; and last, but
not least, Sandy Spring store has discarded its old
doors, honeycombed by nails, that held in place ten
thousand notices, and has blossomed out in new
glass doors! With time and patience, the mulberry
leaf becomes silk, and somebody may build a new
store on to those dcors.

It would be interesting, if we could compare a full
schedule of old prices with more modern ones. As
one instance, I will cite, that when business began at
this old store, candy was twelve and a half cents, or a
"levy," a stick, and I fear that one stick went a great
way in a family. Last Christmas at Sandy Spring and
Ashton, about one thousand pounds of candy were
sold, some of it not more per pound than was the
former single stick..

While some of our citizens have added fine regis-
tered Jersey cows to their herds, and have greatly
increased the motive power on their farms, we have
not, in the aggregate, gained in stock, as the mortality
has been great, and among horses, almost unprece-
dented, five having died in one week at Alloway, from
d mysterious disease, supposed by some to be diph-
theria.

74 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

CONCLUSION.

While some lives in our midst have been sadly and
completely changed in the past year, yet, taken as a
whole, it has been a comparatively uneventful period
for our neighborhood. Remote from railroads, with
no manufacturing interests, it would seem as if the
turmoil of the outside world would not quickly effect
us, yet, so intricate are the links that bind all people
together in the struggle for existence, and so constant
is the demand of need and supply, we are more or less
dependent upon the extent of city traffic as the citi-
zen is undoubtedly dependent upon the prosperity of
the farmer.

In common with great corporations, and with mer-
chants and shippers, we have felt the effect of the
numerous strikes at the north and west, and the wide-
spread war beteen labor and capital. A constant
fluctuation and depression in prices and a want of se-
curity in stocks and investments, has been the re-
sult. When millers are boycotted, wheat falls below
par. The value of our acres and their cultivation,
and produce, is the grand source of liational wealth,
and a large proportion of the inhabitants of our fair
land are tillers of the soil ; yet they are most in-
adequately represented in Congress and in our Leg-
islatures by farmers, which is evidenced by the fact,
that a Standing Committee on Agriculture in 'the
House of Representatives has never thought it worth
while even to make a report. Why should not a De-
partment of Agriculture, with a cabinet officer at its
head, be a natural and necessary part of government?

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 75

Why should not a National Agricultural College be
established at some central point, where "cadets" from
the farm would receive the same advantages of scien-
tific training and education that are bestowed on the
students at the military and naval academies at
West Point and Annapolis?

It would seem as commendable to teach a certain
number of young "husbandmen" the best methods of
cultivating the ground, and feeding the world, as to
instruct another set of youths in the most efficacious
ways of fighting the world. Branch colleges and ex-
perimental stations in every state, presided over by
the graduates of the "national farm," would give a
new dignity and prominence to farmers.. A sheaf of
wheat, or a sickle, would look just as well on a brass
button, as an eagle or an anchor.

It is a maxim of the Hindoo, that he who sows the
ground with care and diligence acquires a greater
degree of religion than he could have gained by the
repetition of ten thousand prayers.

One of the most immediate effects of agricultural
life is, that it imparts a settled disposition, and a
greater degree of local attachment ; the very method
also of procuring subsistence from the earth renders
the spot which is the subject of cultivation familiar,
and a kind of natural gratitude for the increase tends
to endear it to the mind.

In the early times of the Republic of Rome, when
patriotism was more than an empty name, the highest
praise that could be given a man was to say of him,
that he had "well cultivated his spot of ground."

Let us hope in the historical year we are just en-

76 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPEIXG.

tering upon that not only may our land be well and
profitably tilled, but that it be made to support free, of
the incubus of debt, those dependent on it.

Too often the farmer is under the harrow of mort-
gages, running accounts and interest money, and thus
misses the peace of mind only possible to those who
live in accordance with Mr. Micawber's immortal re-
ceipt for true enjoyment of life.

"Annual income, twenty pounds; annual expendi-
tures, nineteen pounds, six ; result, happiness. An-
nual income, twenty pounds ; annual expenditures,
twenty pounds, six ; result, misery.

"The grand essentials of happiness are something
to do, something to love, and something to hope
for," and with all of these, as Tiny Tim observed,
"God bless us everv one."

CHAPTER IV.

From April, 1S56, to April. 1SS7.

Ktbecca Russell's 'hundredth birthday — Hall built by
Brighton Grange — Poor crops — Large convention of
farmers at Lyceum — Library built — Obituaries of
Sarah B. Stabler, Patience H. Leggett. James S. Hal-
lowell. Mary B. Hall, William Henry Farquhar, Wil-
liam L. Kinnard and Benjamin H. Murry.

Our annual meeting, Fourth month, 7th, 1886, was
held on a dark and stormy night, and the sensible reso-
lution was offered and carried, by a comparatively
small assemblv, to have the date of all future meet-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING. 77

ings governed by the full moon, and thus enable our
people to reach the Lyceum with comfort and safety
by the aid of nature's universal lantern.

In the several years I have held this unfortunate
position, Dame Nature has never before permitted
me to chronicle an early spring.

But, very soon in Fourth month, 1886, there was a
great awakening.

Out in the orchard, under the coarse bark of the
apple trees, over in the woods, beneath the rind of the
birch and the maple, the chestnut, and the ash, under
the dead leaves, on the hillside, where the arbutus
was struggling into life, down in the meadows, where
the brown grasses were brightening, out on the lawn,
where the emerald was just beginning to assert it-
self over winter's wear of sombre gray, without noise
or friction, or any visible movement, millions of horse
power was at work.

There was a stir in the grave of the crocus, the dead
spears of last year's lily began to feel a gentle pres-
sure from below ; the tufts of yellow grass-green blades
thrust up their heads, roots of the dandelion rustled
in anticipation of a coming coronation, and in every
fibre of the oak and elm a force which no man may
number, and no human strength resist, was marching
straight upwards. The irresistible force of growth
had come back to gladden the world !

The work of its sappers and miners was beginning
to appear. They were pushing up their spears in
meadow and field, they were climbing to the battle-
ments in forest and orchard, they hovered on the hill-
sides, and pitched their tents in the valleys. Their leg-

> AXXALS OF SAXDY SPEIXG.

ions were tramping noiselessly, but constantly, into
the treetops — each with its folded banner.

Presently, when all had reached their stations, even
to the furthest twig, there was a flutter in the or-
chards, and the world awoke to find itself once more
possessed with the beauty of the fragrant blossoms of
the apple and the peach.

To take advantage of all this early renewal of life,
gardening was commenced very soon in the season,
but it was too wet to make much progress.

Fourth month, 20th. Francis Miller gave an inter-
esting lecture, at the Lyceum, on the "Good Old
Times," which he proved to be quite inferior to the
better "New Times" we are now enjoying.

On the afternoon of Fifth month, 18th, the old
meeting-house was crowded with people to witness the
marriage ceremony between Francis Snowden and
Fanny Brooke Stabler. A similar event had not tak-
en place within its venerable walls since the bride's
mother was married there more than thirty years ago.
Immediately after the ceremony the bride and groom
left for Niagara, and on returning from their trip set-
tled at Ingleside.

In this month, Robert, Isabel and Janet Miller
went to Europe, and Lucy Snowden and Lizzie Gil-
pin to Minneapolis.

My record of the Fifth month is somewhat like the
lament of the "Ancient Mariner," "Water, water,
everywhere, and not a drop to drink."

Rains continued almost without intermission, and
when it occasionally cleared, it seemed only to gather
strength for another flood. The theory with some

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 79

persons, that after locust year there is always an un-
usual downpour, seemed verified ; and enough water
sank deep into the earth through the perforations of
that industrious seventeen-year-old insect, to insure
the rise of streams and springs.

On Fifth month, 25th, our esteemed friend, Sarah
B. Stabler, of Sharon, died in her eighty-fifth year. Her
life had been spent "far from the madding crowd," and
nearly all of it at Sharon, where she was born, mar-
ried and died. Although her school education was all
completed within the short limit of seven months,
her self-culture was so constant that few, indeed, were
so thoroughly educated as she. Of a fine poetic na-
ture, a keen sense of humor, and an ever-ready wit,
we can all recall the pleasures of her most excellent
and improving society.

Her literary ability was of a marked character, and
her intimate friends were often delighted by her ad-
mirable prose oir poetry, which her innate modesty
and self-depreciation kept from the general public.

The poem, which was read at the dedication of this
Lyceum, and the poem with which she favored us, ret-
rospective of a period of twenty years, will live in our
grateful memories.

She seldom went from home, except to attend the
meetings of the Horticultural Society, of which she
was an interested and valued member.

The cultivation of rare and beautiful flowers was her
delight and recreation, and the "Roses of Sharon"
were as fragrant and perfect as those which inspired
the song of King Solomon so many centuries ago in
Judea.

80 ANNALS OF SANDY SPEIXG.

Sheltered from every care by the devotion of her
daughter, and the loving ministrations of children and
grandchildren, her life flowed on to its peaceful
close.

While convalescing from a severe illness in 1879,
she wrote the following lines, expressing most feeling-
ly her trust in a merciful Father and a future life.

"I seem to stand in waiting on the verge

Of that dividing river,

Which lies between earth's scenes

And rolls its surge

To scenes which last forever.

"Yearning to meet those friends

So dear to me,

Who have the waves crossed over,

Yet clinging fondly to the forms I see

Around my sick-bed hover.

"How shall I choose between the Angels there,

Beyond my earthly vision,

And those dear angels who

Attend me here —

How shall I reach decision?

"It is not thine to choose;

Wait, then, and trust

All to the Great Life-Giver.

The loving Father, merciful and just,

Who doth all souls deliver.

"And there I rest, with all my friends on earth,

More dear to me than ever.

With hope that T may some time

Have a birth

Tn blissful life forever."

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 81

Sixth month, 3rd. The spring meeting of the Ag-
ricultural Society was held at Rockville, and four out
of five premiums awarded for flowers to Sandy
Spring people.

Sixth month, 9th. Patience H. Leggett died at
Norwood, in her seventy-seventh year.

Coming from the State ioif New York, she had
dwelt among us, as one of us, for nearly a quarter of a
century, and her loving and sympathetic nature made
her the cherished companion of all ages.

It was her happy fate to grow old gracefully, and to
retain in a marked degree the confidence and affec-
tion of the young.

The poor and needy were not only the recipients of
her bounty, but of the kindly considerate word and
manner so often withheld from those of humble sta-
tion.

The death of a beloved daughter seemed to loosen:
her hold on life, and while the untiring devotion of her
granddaughter, the love and care of children and
friends strove to mitigate an irreparable loss, it seem-
ed she could not survive her sorrow. She was called
in a moment from this breathing world, into* the great
silence beyond, and died without suffering.

Few faces have been as peaceful and beautiful in
the calm repose of death as was hers on the afternoon
of Sixth month, nth, when a large concourse attend-
ed her funeral and followed her remains to their last
resting-place.

Sixth month, 12th, 13th, 14th, our quarterly meet-
ing was held, with a smaller attendance than usual,
but a great gain in order and quiet. A committee of

82 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

young people having been wisely appointed to en-
force a correct and becoming behavior in the place of
worship.

Heavy and unusual rains prevailed at this time, and
our farmers, always on the verge of ruin, and generally
in despair over the prospective or actual failure of
some crops, were now in the depths about their pota-
toes. There seemed no possibility of getting this valu-
able tuber entombed.

Again and again would the potatoes, the fertilizers,
the laborers, and the farmer, be grouped in the field ;
again and again would the floods descend, and a sad
dripping procession wind homeward, leaving the po-
tato still unplanted, and many of them were not un-
der ground until after wheat was cut ; meanwhile vege-
tation was most luxuriant, and ill-weeds grew apace
in the moist atmosphere.

In June, Mary P. Thomas, who had gone a few
months previously to Denver, Colorado, on a visit,
was married to Frederick Jackson, of that place, and
permanently settled in her new home.

Sixth month, 20th. On 1st day afternoon, Presi-
dent Edward H. Magill, of Swarthmore College, lec-
tured most instructively on the subject of higher edu-
cation. Many of his former pupils were interested lis-
teners.

Sixth month, 30th. Alice, daughter of Alban G.
and Sadie P. Brooke, was born.

Seventh month, 12th. Our esteemed friend, James
S. Hallowell, died in his sixty-fifth year, at Clifton
Springs, New York, where he had gone for the bene-
fit of his health.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 83

In his younger days he was employed as a teacher
in the school of his uncle, the late Benjamin Hallo-
well, of Alexandria, Virginia. At the outbreak of the
war he came to Sandy Spring and taught in the pub-
lic school to the lasting gratitude of those who had
the benefit of his thorough system of instruction. Af-
terwards, he established a flourishing boarding-school
at Fulford, which he conducted with success for
some years. During President Lincoln's administra-
tion he served as disbursing clerk in the postofiice
department, and since that time he was employed in
farming near Brookeville.

As was fittingly said of him by Henry C. Hallowell,
in the minutes of the Farmer's Club:

"We all feel that a warm and generous heart has
ceased to beat. A man of untiring energy, unbound-
ed benevolence, and scorning what #was little and
mean, he will long be remembered. His kindness to
dumb and helpless animals around him was proverb-
ial. Carrying grain in his pockets to scatter upon
the snow, during severe winters, for the birds, or tak-
ing long walks after night in town to feed and water
animals turned out upon the commons to die.

"His remains were followed to their last resting
place, July 14th, and sincere grief was manifested over
his open grave."

Seventh month, 20th. R. Rowland Moore and
Margaret G. Tyson were married at Marden by
Friends' ceremony. The bride and groom went to
their charming new home, "Amersley."

Our summer run of company, whose tide sets hith-
erward in July, reaches flood in August, and ebbs

84 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

away in September and October was now invading
and overflowing our borders. Guests arriving and de-
parting almost daily by private and public convey-
ances, and friends, old and new, greeting us in the
highways, our homes, and at the old meeting-house.

We were thankful to have raised enough provender
to satisfy the pangs of foreign hunger, and the con-
stant death-cry of the spring chicken was heard in
the land.

It was a pleasant fact that many of these guests
were not strangers, but our own people, who had wan-
dered far and wide, returning joyfully to their birth-
place.

Sandy Spring is rich in outlying colonies. We have
them in Washington, Baltimore and Staunton, Vir-
ginia; in Philadelphia, Germantown, Swarthmore,
York. Pa. ; in Xew York ; in Lawrence, Medford and
Pittsfield, Mass.; Minneapolis, Minnesota; St. Louis
and Weston, Missouri ; in Michigan, Denver and Col-
orado Springs, Col. ; Sacramento and Yuba City,
Cal. ; Atlanta, Ga. ; and the Sandwich Islands.

From the North, South, East and West, come dele-
gates to tread again the paths of youth, and drink once
more from the old familiar spring.

How often in this, as in every country place, has
the old story been repeated.

"An old farm house, with pastures wide,

Sweet with flowers on every side;

A restless lad who looks without

The porch, with wood vine twined about,

Wishes a thought within his heart —

Oh, if I only eould depart,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 85

From this dull place the world to see,
Ah, me! how happy I would be!"

"Amid the city's ceaseless din,
A man who round the world has been,
Who 'mid the tumult and the throng,
Is thinking, wishing, all day long,
'Oh, could I only tread once more
The field-path to the farm-house door,
The old green meadows could I see,
Ah, me! Qiow happy would I be!' "

Seventh month, 28th. Edith, daughter of J. Janney
and Helen Shoemaker, was born.

Seventh month, 31st. Anna Leggett, daughter of
Joseph, jr., and Estelle T. Moore, was born.

Eighth month, 2d. An entertainment was given
at the Lyceum for the benefit of a charity in Alexan-
dria. Caroline H. Miller delivered an interesting in-
troductory, and Henry C. Hallowell read an original
poem.

Ninth month, 1st, 2d, and 3rd, the weather was
most propitious for holding the Rockville Fair, which
was largely attended, the exhibit notably good, es-
pecially as regarded the display of stock. The pens
were crowded with Jersey, Durham, and Holstein
cattle, many of them thoroughbred, with imposing
pedigrees.

Seventeen premiums were awarded to Rockland,
alone, for various products, and many others distrib-
uted among our people.

Eighth month, 31st. A severe earthquake occurr-
ed on the southeastern coast of the continent, al-
most destroying the City of Charleston, and giving
Sandy Spring a perceptible shake.

66 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

For more than a week afterwards repeated shocks
occurred in the south, many of them distinctly felt in
our section.

One of the newspapers, strong on statistics, assert-
ed that 27,000 women arose in af right, on the earth-
quake night, convinced there was a man in the room.
The strong-minded females in our neighborhood at-
tributed the shaking to a dog under the bed, or the
passing of a heavy wagon.

Ninth month, 9th. The Horticultural exhibit which
had been omitted the previous year, was a very great
success. The weather in the morning was extremely
threatening, but as we have always been greatly fav-
ored in that respect, the people were encouraged to
bring their products of the field, garden and house,
and in the afternoon it cleared beautifully. The dis-
play was unusually good, and a large assembly en-
joyed the show, as well as mingling with friends from
all parts of the neighborhood and county.

Excellent speeches were made by the president.
Henry C. Hallowell, Francis Miller, C. R. Harts-
horne, John M. Smith and Admiral Jouett.

Xinth month, 15th. A very rainy day, but two
hundred visitors from the neighboring Granges of Ol-
ney, Liberty Grove, and Glenwood, assembled to as-
sist Worthy Master Murray, of Maryland State
Grange, in the ceremony of dedicating the new hall
of Brighton Grange.

In less than nine months, the whole preparatory
work of agreeing on plans, securing money, and mak-
ing contracts, as well as the actual labor of the mason*,
carpenter and painter was done.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 87

The hall is two stories, with grange room, and ante-
rooms above, and public hall below, and part of its
foundation rests on the site of a "chapel of ease,"
erected by permission of the British Government in
1758, and which was afterwards destroyed by a
storm.

This was the first place of worship built in this part
of the county, and the church as well as the state, was
supported by a general tax on the people, which tax
was paid in tobacco.

Speeches were made by Henry C. Hallowell, Mr.
Murry, Dr. Hutton, C. R. Hartshorne and others,
and an appropriate closing was given to the occa-
sion by the reading of a historical sketch of the loca-
tion of the new hall and immediate neighborhood by
the Hon. A. B. David.

The soft September air or some other influence,
seemed to bring the people together oftener than usu-
al, in outdoor assemblies, for on Ninth month, 23rd, a
large temperance meeting was held at the Lyceum,
and in the adjoining grove a large audience listened,
with interest and benefit, to excellent addresses, made
by Frank and Caroline Miller, Mrs. Riley and Ed-
win Higgins, of Baltimore, and Mrs. Washington, of
Vermont.

About this time the farmer with the products of
the farm all gathered, was able to sum up the profits
and losses of the year, and was obliged to contem-
plate the result with a face almost as long as the rest
of his body.

The unprecedented rains of May, June and July had
added greatly to the cost of planting and harvesting

88 ANXALS OF SAXDY SPKTNG.

his crops, while lessening their value. Hay was abun-
dant in quantity, but poor in quality ; wheat, corn and
potatoes were all short, and the yield of fruit less than
usual. Chestnuts and walnuts were very scarce, and
the most persevering schoolboy could hardly have
gathered a pint of chinquapins in an afternoon. Cer-
tainly it was a season wThen, if ever, the agriculturist
could, with propriety, revel in gloom.

Tenth month, 19th. Charles F. Kirk and Annie
Brooke were married, by Friends' ceremony, at
Brooke Grove. After a trip through Virginia the
young couple settled in a portion of Fair Hill house,
which had been comfortably renovated for the event.

Early in this month a Good Templar's Lodge was
established at Olney, mainly through the exertions of
Edith Farquhar and Mary Magruder. Dr. William E.
Magruder was elected Chief Templar. Its member-
ship numbers eighty, and it has exerted a beneficial in-
fluence.

On Tenth month, 19th, after nearly a year of sick-
ness and suffering, Mary B. Hall, wife of E. J. Hall,
entered into rest.

Inheriting many of the strong characteristics of her
father, Roger Brooke, of Brooke Grove, she was of a
most hospitable and energetic nature, and her life had
been full of kindness and benevolence to all around
her.

In the midst of untiring industry, she found time
for extensive reading of the better class of books, and
her literary taste was excellent.

Her interests were many and varied, and her cheer-
fulness and humor made her a delightful companion

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 89

to old and young. Her illness had been borne with,
fortitude, and no murmurs or repinings passed her
lips in all the long months of utter dependence on de-
voted relations and friends.

On the morning of the 21st, in the presence of a
large concourse, she was laid in the family enclosure
at Longwood, amid the flowers she had so carefully
tended and loved.

Eleventh month, 18th. At the residence of the
bride, by the Rev. John R. Cadden, Lewis W. Steer,
of Philadelphia, was married to Virginia L. Holland,
of this place.

Eleventh month, 21st. The barn and outbuildings
at Ingleside were burnt very early in the morning.
Crops and horses were destroyed, but the loss was
fortunately nearly covered by insurance.

Eleventh month, 24th, at St. Bartholomew's
Church, Montgomery County, by the Rev. Dr. Hut-
ton, assisted by the Rev. William W. H. Laird,
Charles R. Hartshorne and Ella M. Lansdale, were
married.

Twelfth month, 8th. Mr. Bukofsky, our harness-
maker at Sandy Spring, died after a lingering illness.

Always an invalid, his industry was marked, and he
had the prudent forethought to insure his life, and was
thus enabled to leave his faithful wife in comfortable
circumstances.

Twelfth month, 12th. Mildred H., daughter of
John C. and Cornelia H. Bentley, was born.

Twelfth month, 24th. Ernest Iddings and Miss
Minnie Rust, of Washington, were married. The
young couple are located at Elton.

9U ANNIAJL'S OF SAXDY SPRING.

Twelfth month, 20th. Helen S., daughter of Sam-
uel and Florence Wetherald, was born.

Twelfth month, 24th. Christmas Eve, our vener-
able friend, Rebecca Russell, attained her hundreth
year. Many persons visited her on this memorable
birthday, and enjoyed her bright and interesting con-
versation ; and some time after, this remarkable old
lady went out sleighing. As an encouragement to
our illustrious spinster band, the most careful re-
search has failed to find a married woman in this vi-
cinity who ever lived to be a century old.

First month, 1st, 1887, passed quietly, with but little
social visiting or formal calls.

Charles Lamb says, that no one ever regarded the
first of January with indifference. "To muse and
moralize upon that day is human ; but, in truth, even-
day is a new year's day, and should afford a pros*
pect, or a retrospect ; should be a day of remem-
brance, or a feast of hope/'

First month, 23rd. Maurice L., son of Edward N.
and Hallie C. Bentley, was born.

The Farmers' Convention held at the Lyceum on
First month, 18th, was one of the largest and most
animated ever held, notwithstanding the severity of
the weather. The president, Henry* C. Hallowell, in
his opening address called the attention of his audi-
ence to the vast area of undeveloped land in the Uni-
ted States, and the fact that the American farmer fail-
ed to exercise those small economies that make, in
a large degree, the prosperity of the foreign tiller of
the soil. While we import eerers by the millions, and
cabbage by the ship load, there is room for greater

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 91

watchfulness and care in so-called little things that
make up the great aggregates.

Various committees reported on railroad cross-
ings, protection of sheep, diseases of cattle, taxa-
tion, agricultural experiment stations, etc. Re-
ports were read by Dr. Mahlon Kirk, secretary of the
Senior Club, by Benjamin H. Miller, secretary of the
Enterprise Club, and Allan Farquhar, secretary of
the Montgomery Club. Much discussion followed on
those topics agreed upon, namely : How can we make
our farms pay better? Would the adoption of the
township system be advisable in Maryland? Can we
lessen the acreage of corn to advantage? How much
improved machinery should a farmer purchase, etc. ?

A pleasant and profitable day was passed, the in-
ner man being sustained by a bountiful lunch, pro-
vided by the Clubs' wives and daughters, to whom a
vote of thanks was unanimously tended.

Second month, 17th. William Henry Farquhar
passed away in his seventy-fourth year. He was the
son of Amos Farquhar, of Carroll County, Md., and
Mary Elgar, of Montgomery County.

The Farquhars were of Scotch descent, and of
strongly-marked characteristics ; some of that name
are prominent in naval circles, and others have been
in public life. Amos Farquhar was a farmer in com-
fortable circumstances, but was induced to engage
in tioitton manufacturing in York, Pa., where William
Henry Farquhar, was born in 1813. The venture was
unprofitable, and the family returned to Maryland,
and settled in Sandy Spring, when the subject of this

92 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

sketch was eleven years old, and where he ever after
resided.

His devoted and helpful wife was a daughter of
Isaac Briggs, a friend of Jefferson's, who appointed
him to assist in surveying the then new Louisana
Purchase.

William Henry Farquhar was a student from ear-
liest years, and numerous anecdotes are told of his
precosity and fondness for books. He completed his
education, with his brother-in-law, Benjamin Hal-
lowell, in Alexandria, Virginia, and afterwards assist-
ed him in his large and influential school. He was de-
signed for the law, but a threatened weakness of eye-
sight caused an abandonment of this design. He be-
came then a farmer and teacher, and was soon promi-
nently identified with the educational interests of
Montgomery County.

In connection with his sister, Mary W. Kirk, he
reestablished Fair Hill boarding-school, where there
were at one time fifty boarders.

He was the president of the board of school com-
missioners, county surveyor, a civil engineer of the
Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad,
president of the Sandy Spring lyceum, one of the
original directors of The Mutual Fire Insurance Co.,
promoter of the turnpike from Ashton to Olney (af-
terwards consolidated with the union pike, of which
he was a director), a candidate for the State Senate, an
influential member of the grange, director in the San-
dy Spring savings institution, and taker of the census
on two occasions. He was historian for twenty

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 93

years, the result having been given in the "Annals of
Sandy Spring."

These various positions indicate the value placed
upon his services by his fellow-citizens, and his inter-
est in everything tending to advance the welfare of
his county. His opinion was frequently sought by his
neighbors, who had great confidence in his judgment.

He was a successful farmer, having, without capital,
converted a barren and forbidding tract into a pro-
ductive and profitable farm. His views were always
rather in advance of his friends, particularly on the
subject of African slavery, education, and reforms
generally, but without bigotry, granting to others the
liberty of opinions that he claimed for himself.

He was a forcible writer, expressing himself flu-
ently with the pen, and his literary honesty was ab-
solute. Always a devourer of books, with a mind well
stored, yet ever with the thirst of true knowledge, ac-
quiring more.

He was for half a century the intellectual center
of the community. In character, he was pure and
childlike, of unimpeachable integrity, of the strictest
veracity, and a warm, social disposition. His pupils,
scattered far and wide, retained the sincerest affection
and esteem for him.

One who had known him for many years, remarked
that he had never heard him utter one word that
might not have been said in the presence of his wife
or daughter; and with this testimony to the refine-
ment of his heart, we leave him enshrined in the
grateful memories of those who were made better
and happier by his long and useful life.

H4 ANNALS OF SA2sDY SPUING.

The three winter months were made memorable by
a succession of dark days, bitter cold, and frequent
storms. The fortunate few, perhaps, fled to the cities
and escaped some of the discomforts inseparable from
a winter in the country. These very discomforts
enable the home life to deepen. The season indoors
seems just to reverse the order of outward seasons;
plans gather vigor, and we bend ourselves toi the hard
intellectual work of the year. The winter brings
heart and mind to their full force and growth. Na-
ture's winter often seems the human summer time;
then spring begins to make us languid, and the
busy summer of earth life brings to ourselves a
pause and rest and comparative inertness.

So as nature is resting and sleeping outdoors, in-
doors it is all action — hands oftener meet hands in
works of service, and friends are drawn closer to
friends. The book comes forth in the long evening,
the story-telling begins, the fathers and mothers
gather the children around their knees by the cheer-
ful blaze, that blaze, itself the sunshine of old springs
and summers in the far-off past.

While the citizen, in his close environment of
bricks and mortar, his endless distraction, has eternal
rumble and noise of teeming life and traffic, commis-
erates us in our frozen solitudes, we in turn find ad-
vantages in a "leisure," which Socrates says is the
finest of all possessions, and in an isolation which
should increase and strengthen every resource of
mind and memory.

Third month, 4th. Elsie Brooke, daughter of
Frank and Fannie Snowden, was born.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 95

Third month, 25th. William L. Kinnard, aged
eighty years, dropped dead in his field, while plowing
his first furrough in the morning.

A native of Pennsylvania, he had dwelt here many
years, and was a man of integrity. He was a strong
advocate of temperance, frequently speaking in pub-
lic on that subject.

Third month, 29th. A tenant house on Fair Hill
farm burned to the ground with considerable loss to
its inmates of clothing and bedding.

Third month, 31st. Benjamin W. Hallowell Mur-
ry, the bright and interesting little son of James and
Bridget Murry, died of that dreaded disease, scarlet
fever. His parents had earnest sympathy in this severe
affliction.

On the last day of April, we did not exactly have
the "flowers that bloom in the spring," but a deep
snow that gave us as wintery a landscape as any we
had enjoyed through the past six months.

On that evening the young ladies and gentlemen
from the manor gave an excellent entertainment at
the lyceum for the benefit of the library. A series
of beautiful tableaux, and a well-acted play, delighted
a small, but appreciative, audience with a closing
scene, illustrating the sad, sad state of Sandy Spring
society. The curtain rolled up disclosing a brave, but
solitary youth surrounded by at least fifteen atten-
tive young ladies.

Besides the Grange Hall at Brighton, in the past
year, R. Rowland Moore's house was completed and
occupied.

Thomas Lea built a comfortable home at Eldon.

96 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Additions and improvements have been made at
Alloway and "The Cedars," and wind mills and water
introduced at both of these places and at Sunset.
The old homestead at Fair Hill has almost a new
interior, while retaining its outward characteristics.

Admiral Jouett has made various improvements
at "The Anchorage," and it would be difficult to find
the Fulford beneath the skillful changes and adorn-
ments, that have beautified this pleasant home.

Our only and original Sandy Spring admiral has,
with his usual generosity, started a zoological garden
by the importation of a wild African pig. It is ru-
mored about that no husband should be without one,
for so terrifying is this uncivilized porker to the fem-
inine heart, that the mandate "turn out the pig!"
clears the whole surrounding county of female society,
and leaves the distinguished naval officer a veritable
Robinson Crusoe in an uninhabited space.

Mr. Henderson has added greatly, by expensive
machinery, to his milling facilities.

Samuel Bond bought land and built a new store on
the Brookeville pike, near Norbeck.

The historian's suggestion of last year, that a new
structure be built to the modern glass doors of the
old Sandy Spring store, is about to be adopted, and
as our neighborhood has, with its usual shrinking
modesty, gone ahead in so many things, we hope, when
this new emporium is finished, to make Wanamaker
tremble.

An important prospect which should interest all our
people is the new library. The money has been sub-
scribed and the foundation dug, on which to erect a

ANNAIiS OF SANDY SPRING. 97

neat and suitable building. If all the "Old Bachelors"
in Sandy Spring, would rise to the occasion and liber-
ally endow this good work with sufficient means to
make it a real success, there is not, I feel sure, a
single unappropriated blessing in the whole communi-
ty who would not obligate herself to keep their mem-
ories green forever.

Charles R. Hartshorne bought property from Rich-
ard I. Lea, and George L. Stabler, making a con-
siderable addition to Leawood farm.

Thomas J. Lea sold his farm to Edmund Boswell,
and his meadow to Edward Gilpin,

Added to the fourteen clubs and societies already es-
tablished, and in working order, this year has pro-
duced still another, called "The Social Religious Cir-
cle," for the dissemination of Friends' principles, and
more thorough knowledge of the same, especially
among the young.

Llewellen Massey and family moved to Staunton,
Va., where he has established a boarding school.

Walter Scott and wife moved to Baltimore.

Charles Palmer, A. M., a graduate of Swarthmore
College, has taken charge of Sherwood Academy. The
assistant teachers are Fanny E. Hartley, Alice T>
Stabler and Sarah T. Moore.

Roger Brooke graduated at the University of
Maryland, and received his diploma of M. D.

The two important corporations of the neighbor-
hood, "The Mutual Fire Insurance Company and The
S^ndy Spring Savings Institution, show an increasing
prosperity, notwithstanding the depression in farrrir
ing interests.

98 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

The Fire Insurance Company had an unusual
amount of losses, all of which were promptly met.

The Savings Institution has received, in the past
year, over seven thousand dollars from depositors,
and there is now to their credit over $220,000, in this
useful institution.

"The mellowing hours of passing time" have again
brought me to the close of another year's history,
with its lights and shadows, its smiles and tears, its
outside interests, its closer every day home-life.

I have often been asked in far off sections, if Sandy
Spring was a large town, or a village, and I have al-
ways said it was unique in being neither, but most
emphatically a "neighborhood."

When we analyze that word, we find that "neigh-
bor" is from the Anglo Saxon, signifying near or in-
timate, "one whose abode is not distant," "hood" is
from a word signifying, state or degree. Therefore,
neighborhood means a close community of near or
intimate people living on adjoining estates. Burke
says there is a "law of neighborhood that does not
leave a man perfectly master on his own ground."
and certainly we are so closely connected here, by the
ties of kinship or of friendship, that we are greatly de-
pendent one on the other, for nearly all the comforts
and good cheer of life. The joys and pleasures of one
household are shared by many, and especially when
sickness or death spreads its anxiety or distress over
one family, all stretch out the helping hand, or offer
words of sympathy and love.

I have heard that in all the rope used in the Brit-
ish Navy, there is woven a bright red strand, so that

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 99

wherever an inch of it is found, it can be recognized.

Would it not be well for all our people, either by
birthright or adoption, to cultivate a certain pride of
neighborhood, a standard of moral and mental ex-
cellence, a forbearance and charity for each other,
that should be the red strand, the prominent trait
whereby we might be indentified as Sandy Spring
people?

The traveler tells us, that over the triple doorways
of the Cathedral of Milan, there are three inscriptions
spanning the splendid arches.

Over one is carved a beautiful wreath of roses, and
underneath is the legend, "All that which pleases is
only for a moment ; over the other is a sculptured
cross, and there are the words, "All that which trou-
bles is only for a moment;" underneath the grand
central entrance in the main aisle is the inscription,
"That only is which is eternal."

Each year we gather some of the roses of life and in-
hale their sweet fragrance, and we are called upon at
times to taste the cup of sorrow and to pass under the
rod.

Each day we should practice truth, and affection
and charity, for these indeed are alone eternal.

100 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

CHAPTER V.

From Fourth Month, 1887, to Fourth Mouth, 1S88.

Baseball and excursions — Long-, cold winter — Terrible
blizzard, roads blocked — Moncure D. Conway and Mrs.
Zeralda Wallace lectured — Five railroads projected —
Obituaries of Mary Wetherald. Francis Miller and
Elizabeth Fowler.

If a nation is happy and fortunate that makes no
history Sandy Spring may be considered among the
blessed in the past year.

My notes were indeed few and far between, and
when I began to amplify them I determined to peti-
tion in future to be allowed a poet's license, the im-
agination of the novelist, or the erratic fancy of the
modern advertiser.

The historian is forbidden to paint the lily white, or
to gild refined gold ; strict veracity, the narrow limits
of unvarnished truth, must make the narrative of any
value.

Facts have indeed been "stubborn" things to deal
with since the world began, and unless my good
friends and neighbors before me will consent to fur-
nish me with extraordinary deeds or wonderful
achievements, I am compelled to offer them year after
year the same old hash, hoping for a little variety in
the seasoning.

Even the spring of 1887 was one of those average
seasons that refuses to be commented on. We were

AXXALS OF SANDY SPKING. 101

not amazed by a premature outburst of vegetation,
nor made weary by long waiting for the first green
leaf. The grass grew, the trees budded at the usual
time, in the usual manner; and usual things, as every
one knows, are prosaic and uninteresting.

The 12th of Fourth month, 1887, was, however, a
delightful balmy day, and on that afternoon many
relatives and friends from this vicinity, and from New
York, Baltimore and Richmond, assembled at Nor-
wood to witness the Friends' form of marriage cere-
mony between Mary L. Moore and Jos. W. Tilton, of
Jenkintown, Penna., where the young couple went to
live.

Fifth month, 18th. Walter Thomas, of Baltimore,
was married by Episcopal ceremony to Mary Elli-
cott, at her home, Brooke Meadow.

In this month, Madam Neyman lectured at the
lyceum, on "woman's suffrage," in her intelligent
and interesting manner.

Sixth month, 4th. Henry Tyson, son of R. Row-
land and Margaret G. T. Moore, was born.

Many strangers attended our Quarterly Meeting,
the second week in June. An unusual proportion of
young people were present, srood order and quiet pre-
vailed, and it was a season of social and religious en-
joyment to all.

Rainy and unseasonable weather continued through
this month to the detriment of outdoor work, and
the dismay of the farmer, who was, however, thereby
provided with his customary grievance, and enabled to
blame the elements in his peculiar and time-honored
fashion.

102 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Charles Dickens, who knew as little about the tiller
of the soil, and made as few allusions to country life,
as almost any other author, said : "The Farmers ! it is
surprising how much ruin they will bear, every sea-
son is the worst season known."

The Seventh month was characterized by extreme
heat, the mercury ranged persistently from 900 to
ioo°, day after day, and week after week, until ex-
istence was merged into a vain endeavor to keep cool.
Many of our inhabitants fled away to mountain or
seashore, and safe in their temperate zones, could
hardly credit the scorching letters and red-hot postal
cards sent them from home.

Nine of our young ladies determined to have va-
riety without money and without price, and to secure
change of scene where no other change was needed,
so they camped in an unoccupied house, at the junc-
tion of our two great rivers, the Hawlings and Pa-
tuxent. For a week they enjoyed, to the full, the
pleasures of a female republic, the excitement of liv-
ing from hand to mouth, and doing their own cook-
ing, and the visits of one hundred and ninety-eight
guests, only those being expected to stay to meals
who had prudently brought their provender with
them, after the fashion extant in some cities in Ger-
many, where the self-invited visitor is followed by a
servant, bearing the requisite meal, a veritable
"Dutch treat."

Numerous gentlemen thronged the camrj, presum-
edly with the laudable object of discovering how little
a girl could live on.

Breaking camp and crossing the river on the re-

AiKTNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 103

turn home was not unattended with adventure, the
waters having risen to such height these fair dam-
sels had to be carried over the flood after the manner
of "Coming through the Rye" in Scotland, but un-
fortunately your historian was not present to mentally
photograph the result of the portage.

Eighth month, 13th, after a painful and lingering ill-
ness, Mary Wetherald died in her seventy-sixth year.
Her long life had been replete with the unvarying
round of domestic duties, and while she seldom went
beyond the confines of her home, or neighborhood,
she was a persistent and intelligent reader, and an ex-
cellent French scholar, and the best society the world
afforded came to her in the shape of books.

She might, with truth, have repeated the words of an
English lady, who wrote many years ago, "Here in
the country my books are my sole occupation, my
sure refuge and solace from frivolous cares. Books
are the calmers as well as the instructors of the mind."

Perhaps that person is most missed from the home
circle, whose life has been passed closely within its
limits, and her inseparable companion and sister had
much sympathy in her loss.

Eighth month, 31st. Catherine, daughter of John
and Kate V. Thomas, was born.

If "piety is the blessing of the house, hospitalitv
the honor of the house, cleanliness the ornament of
the house, contentment the happiness of the house,
let us hope the numerous visitors that thronged San-
'dy Spring, in August, found all these desirable
characteristics within our homes.

Riding parties, tea companies, baseball matches,

104 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

excursions to the Great Falls of Potomac, to Wash-
ington, and Mt. Vernon, were the order of the day.
A very successful entertainment, consisting of tab-
leaux and music, was given at the Lyceum, and if we
could not rival the variety of city amusement, we were
at least enabled to give our guests something differ-
ent from what the town afforded.

Our gardens, fortunately, yielded abundantly but it
was almost the worst fruit year ever known. Some
orchards did not produce a single peck of apples.
Peaches were a memory of the past, and the berries
and small fruits were very few and of inferior quality.

Ninth month, 17th. Benjamin H. and Sarah T.
Miller celebrated their silver wedding. Over two hun-
dred persons, many from a distance, assembled at
their pleasant home. Mt. Airy, and enjoyed a memor-
able occasion.

Like the sudden blighting of some rare flower was
the announcement. Ninth month, 21st, of the death
of Anna Leggett, infant daughter of Jos. T., jr., and
Estelle Tyson Moore. Xamed for her grandmother,
this lovely babe had been the center and solace of a
bereaved family all her little life. Her perfect health,
her winning ways, her rosy, sparkling face, had en-
deared her to many hearts, who shared the anguish
of her parents and relations in this great and unex-
pected trial.

"Her limit of life was brief,
'Twas the red in the red rose leaf.
'Twias the gold in the sunset sky.
'Twas the flight of a bird on hifrh.
Yet she filled her cradle's space

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 105

With such a perfect grace,
That the reel will vein all time,
The gold through long years shine,
The birds fly swift and straight,
To memory's open gate."

Although we have many good Samaritans who la-
bor within our borders, we have not sent many mis-
sionaries to foreign lands, but in this month, Wor-
thington Waters, son of our friend, Z. D. Waters,
went on a religious mission to China, and Lucy Faw-
cett started for India, but being unable to accom-
plish this long journey, returned homeward as far as
Halifax, where she now has charge of an orphan
asylum.

On 4th day afternoon, Tenth month, 5th, Joseph T.
Moore and Eliza N. Bentley were married by
Friends' ceremony at Bloomfield. The lady in this
instance went to live in the old homestead, which her
great-great-grandfather, Richard Thomas, built for
his son Samuel Thomas, about 1751 .

Tenth month, 22d. Walter Lea and Lucy Snow-
den were married in the church at Olney, by Episco-
pal ceremony, Rev. W. H. Laird, officiating. The
bride and groom left immediately for New York City,
where they will reside.

Seventy persons, old and young, attended Balti-
more Yearly Meeting, Tenth month, 29th.

It was an interesting occasion from the fact that
the old Lombard Street Meeting House had been
sold, and before another year Friends, would be in-
stalled in a new building erected in quite a distant
section of the city. A number of the older couples*

106 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

in our neighborhood were married in this meeting-
house in Baltimore, as was then the custom, such
ceremonies being now almost universally performed
at home.

A long, hard winter seemed to come on us in Nov-
ember, and to abide with us for many months. Storms
were frequent, cold often intense, and clear, sunny
days most rare. With coal stoves for warmth and
comfort, an open fire or two for beauty and senti-
ment, with an amount of clothing our ancestors would
have deemed entirely superfluous, we were enabled to
defy the icy touch of the cold and cheerless winter.

Christmas often unites those whom distance severs,
and was enlivened this year by many festivities in hon-
or of the return home of our Sandy Spring girls and
- from school and college.

First month, nth. Ulric Hutton and Alary Jan-
ney were married at Black Meadow by Episcopal
ceremony, Rev. Orlando Hutton officiating. Many
handsome presents were received, and the young
couple, after a northern trip, located on a farm near
Brookeville.

Second month, 2d. After a painful and lingering
malady, which excited the sympathy of all, our es-
teemed friend and neighbor, Francis Miller, passed
away, in his fifty-ninth year.

Born in Alexandria, Virginia, he graduated at Yale
in 1852 and removed to Stanmore in 1858, and es-
tablished a successful school for boys at that place;
afterwards, he studied law under A. G. Riddle in
Washington, and practiced his profession in that city,

AiNNAIiS OF SANDY SPRING. 107

and at the time of his death was employed on many
important and lucrative cases.

From 1877 to 1885 he was assistant United States
attorney for the District, and took high rank as a
lawyer of talent, learning and courage.

He was actively instrumental in having Congress
remove the toll on the Seventh street road from
Washington to Sligo, and argued before the com-
missioners of the District for making 2,000 pounds a
ton.

He was the third president and director of the San-
dy Spring Lyceum Company, lectured repeatedly in
its hall, and first suggested a historian.

He was one of the twenty-six gentlemen who met
in 1868 to incorporate a savings bank, and became one
of its directors, which position he soon relinquished,
owing to duties in Washington, and was reelected di-
rector in 1884, which office he held at the time of his
death.

He was a true friend of the colored race, a sincere
temperance advocate, a firm believer in woman suf-
frage.

He was one of the most widely-known and earnest
republican workers in Maryland, and was almost in-
variably a delegate to the county and state conven-
tions of his party. He several times ran for office, al-
ways leading a forlorn hope against a democratic ma-
jority.

In 1881 he was nominated for chief justice of this
district against the late Judge Ritchie, and was de-
feated by a very few votes.

In 1885, he ran for Comptroller, and in November

10S ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

last, was republican nominee for Attorney-General,
and endured the wearying journeys and exposures of
a campaign while a fatal disease was sapping his en-
ergies and shortening his life.

In speaking thus fully of his public career, I would
not lose sight of his private excellence. Those who
were nearest to him can testify to his untiring devo-
tion and kindness to wife and children, and the cheer-
ful and pleasant characteristics of his home life.

One associated with him politically said, "The
years had brought to him, what ought to be the fer-
vent prayer of us all, to find, at the close of the long
struggle with ourselves and circumstances, a disposi-
tion to happiness, a composed spirit, to which time
had made things clear, an unrebellious temper, and
hopes undimmed for mankind."

His funeral, which occurred on Second month, 4th,
a most inclement day, was largely attended by his
neighbors, and many relatives from a distance.

Among other tributes offered to his memory was
the following feeling one from his life-long friend and
brother-in-law, H. C. H.

"There is an unwritten law that at times like this
any one from a full heart may pay a tribute to de-
parted worth. I have known our dear friend and
brother intimately from earliest childhood as student,
in social intercourse, in business relations, and in
double ties of marriage, and yet have I never heard
him utter an impure word, 11 r known him speak or
act a falsehood, nor do a selfish or mean thing.

"Of commanding intellect, and much learning, he
was srentle as a child. Earnest in his convictions, and

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 109

forcible in expressing them, he was ever open to the
admission of truth. Speaking but little of serious
things, he yet had a deeply reverential nature, and
showed his religion in his life. His aim was to do his
duty here, and he would be the first to reprove us
were we to let this great shadow darken our lives.

"We look abroad, and though desolation rules the
scene, and the landscape is chilled with snow, we
know that the flowers will bloom again, and the for-
ests be clothed with beauty. So we must again let
sunshine into our hearts and go upon our daily
rounds, purified and ennobled by our sorrow, making
others happy, and becoming happy ourselves by un-
selfishly ministering to those about us.

"During the long days, and weeks, and months,
that our dear brother lay in the toils of a fatal disease,
his example was teaching us lessons of patience and
cheerfulness.

"Some of us who are comparatively well at times
repine at temporary ailments, and are impatient and
fretful to those who are near and dear to us. While
our dear one was literally starving to death, when
even the glass of milk failed to* nourish, or pure water
to be retained, while he would see others going to
seat themselves at the table, covered with the delica-
cies of the season, and tempting to the palate, never
once was heard to utter a murmur of complaint or
a word of repining. His whole desire seemed to be,
during the heavy hours of suffering and waiting, to
save trouble to his attendants, and to keep them in
heart. Appreciating every attention, flashing at
times those little pleasantries so familiar to those in-

110 ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING.

timate with him, he slowly drifted away, his great
intellect unclouded, his great heart untouched.

"But thirty-six hours before he died he wrote with
his own hands a coherent and connected letter.

"Before leaving his beloved home to seek medical
advice he remarked he was prepared let it terminate
as it might. Was not such a life fitly rounded by such
a death ? Is not such a life worth living, such a death
worth dying?"

About this time in February we had a week of good
sleighing to vary the monotony, and everybody took
advantage of this mode of easy transit to pay their
social debts in the way of calls, with no certainty of
finding anybody at home.

At Easter, Second month, 22d, Guion Miller and
Annie Tyler were married at the residence of the
bride's brother by Friends' ceremony.

The young couple went to house-keeping in Wash-
ington, where kind friends had arranged their rooms
for them.

In the latter part of February several good hus-
bands in our midst, whose example is worthy of all
emulation, went to Florida on a pleasure trip, taking
their wives with them. They returned delighted with
the land of flowers and sunshine, and Asa M. Stabler
gave an impromptu account of the experiences of the
party, one evening at the Lyceum, to an audience
that was waiting for a lecturer who did not appear.

Third month, 6th. Margaret, daughter of William
and Annie Hallowell Riggs, was born.

On ist day, Third month, nth, a great rain storm,
which had started from California the previous week,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. Ill

swept through the southern and western states, and
had travelled up the Atlantic Coast, deluging the
country and gathering fury in its path, encountered
a cold wave in our latitude, and we passed in a mo-
ment from a steady downpour to a howlng blizzard
of wind and snow.

For thirty-six hours the storm raged, until the
toads were blocked by huge drifts; the mercury fell
nearly to zero, and the piercing air, filled with icy par-
ticles borne on the gale, made it almost dangerous to
brave the outside tempest. The mail was carried on
horseback four days before the Laurel road was pass-
able for vehicles.

While we were fortunate in suffering only incon-
venience from the storm, in many sections farther
north, people lost their lives in the great drifts. Trains
were delayed for many hours, a milk and food famine
was threatened in the cities.

New York was cut off from the outside world, ex-
cept by Atlantic cable, and had messages from Bos-
ton by way of London.

"The Washington Star," was issued entirely with-
out telegraphic news.

Business was prostrated, and the "oldest inhabi-
tant" was too young to remember any storm like it
before, and all the inhabitants, both old and young,
were entirely satisfied that Dakota should hence-
forth and forever keep her blizzards at home.

Just seven days after this severe cold the mercury
stood at 72 °, the snow had disappeared like magic, we
had a sharp thunder-storm, and a discriminating flash
of lightning struck the dome of the capitol at Wash-

112 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ington, causing the house and senate to rise simul-
taneously without waiting for a motion to do so, and
even disturbing the serene dullness of the Supreme
Court.

There are, of course, many ways of interpreting this
incident, but it must be pointed out by the historian
that under no republican administration was a warn-
ing of the elements called for.

March gave us weather enough to have furnished
Mark Twain with another "Collection" equal to the
assortment he once found in New England.

At Falkton, Dakota, Third month, 14th, Ella,
daughter of Caroline Scott, was married to Olen Gus-
tavus Reineger. Another example of the extreme
danger of our young ladies going west, if they wish to
remain single sisters.

Third month, 18th. Mary Gillingham, daughter
of Joseph T., jr., and Estelle Tyson Moore, was born.

Third month, 26th. A memorable meeting of the
"Horticultural" was held at Brooke Grove, and the
quarter centennial of the society celebrated.

Margaret B. Magruder furnished a comprehensive
history of the twenty-five years since the fi st meet-
ing was held at Francis Miller's suggestion.

Edward Farquhar sent a short poem so good, as
far as it went, that everyone regretted its brevity.

H. C. Hallowell, the president, read a very beauti-
ful original poem, in which the salutary effects of the
work the horticultural has accomplished on our
hearts and homes was pointed out, and very touching
allusions made to the valued members, eight in num-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEI\(i. 113

ber, who had passed into the higher life amid the
ever-blooming gardens of Paradise.

Sixteen families now belong to the organization,
two having resigned, and the interest in the meetings
seems unabated.

It was particularly gratifying to all that the vener-
able Sarah B. Farquhar should have braved the in-
clement weather to meet with us.

On the evening of Third month, 27th, a large audi-
ence assembled at the Lyceum, in a pouring rain, to
listen to a very delightful and instructive lecture from
Moncure D. Conway on "The England of To-day."

Third month, 29th. Elizabeth Fowler died sudden-
ly in her sixty-sixth year.

This industrious and estimable Friend was the main-
stay of orphan and widowed nieces, and it can, with
truth, be recorded of her life, "She hath done what
she could," before she folded her tired hands for the
long sleep.

She was buried at Woodside cemetery, on the 'af-
ternoon of the 31st.

In the last week of March many of our people went
to Washington to attend the "international council"
of women. This was a brilliant assemblage of femi-
nine wit, wisdom and grit.

Representatives from India, from different countries
of Europe, and from all over our own broad land,
met in conclave to discuss all philanthropic subjects,
and to note the progress made in the past fifty years.

Women ministers, doctors, editors, lawyers, presi-
dents of colleges and the woman master of Vineland
Grange, and women workers representing hundreds

114 AiN"NALS OF SAXDY SPBING.

of crafts now opened to female industry, had their say
with startling emphasis and freedom.

The history of the world can furnish no similar
event where thousands of wives, mothers and sisters
met in behalf of temperance, education, morality and
equal rights of citizenship for all women, as well as
all mankind.

Fourth month, 5th. Airs. Zerelda Wallace, dele-
gate from Indiana to the international council at
Washington, gave us a very fine address at the Ly-
ceum on "Woman Suffrage," as effecting the tem-
perance cause.

This wonderful old lady of seventy-one years spoke
with all the logical fluency of a lawyer, and all the
vim of youth, and made addresses on four consecu-
tive days at Ashton, Sandy Spring, Olney, and High-
land, and on 1st day spoke in meeting in the morn-
. and at the Friends' circle, in the afternoon. She
i; the stepmother of Gen. Lew Wallace, author of
''Ben Hur," and the original of the beautiful mother
character, depicted in that famous novel.

The most important improvement in our midst in
the past year is the completion of a neat library
building opposite Sandy Spring postoffice. Alary
Fowler has been appointed librarian. Many new
books have been added, the old volumes gathered to-
gether again, and a renewal of usefulness and inter-
est is at hand.

The library- was established nearly fifty years ago
by W. H. Farquhar. Richard T. Bentley, Caleb Stab-
ler and others, and the books were kept in a room ad-
joining Sandy Spring store. A few years ago they

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 115

were moved to Sherwood school, and are now in a
suitable, pleasant place, accessible to all.

The present generation, with its daily papers, fre-
quent magazines, book clubs almost a surfeit of lit-
erature, can form little idea of the pleasure and bene-
fit the few hundred books, comprising the library,
were to the generations gone or approaching middle
age. It was certainly very solid, mental food offered
to old and young alike, and I distinctly remember two
very small girls, some thirty-five years ago, who were
told, that if they would carefully peruse the several
weighty volumns of Agnes Strickland's "Queens of
England'' they might, as a reward, read one novel,
the "Lamplighter," then just published ; no other
work of fiction since has ever had just the same flav-
or as this first taste of forbidden fruit.

Henry Ward Beecher said, "How still and peaceful
is a library. It seems quiet as the grave, tranquil as
heaven, a cool collection of the thoughts of the men of
all times, and yet approach and open the pages and
you find them full of dissertations and disputes ; alive,
with abuse and detractions, a huge many volumed
satire upon man, written by himself. What a broad
thing is a library ; all shades of opinions, reflected on
its catholic bosom as the sunbeams and shadows of a
summer's day upon the ample mirrors of a lake.
Books are not made for furniture, but there is noth-
ing else so beautifully furnishes a hou^e; the plainest
row of books is more significant of refinement than
the most elaborately carved chair or sideboard."

Books are the windows through which the soul
looks out. Children learn to read by being in their

116 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

presence, and a little library, growing larger every
year, is an honorable part of a man's history. It is not
a luxury, but one of the necessaries of life."

What an excellent thing it would be if some parti-
cular date in the year could be set apart, like a feast
or a saint's day, for returning all borrowed bocks to
their owners !

There is a law in Japan, that on a certain day. if
just obligations remain unpaid, the creditor can re-
move the front door of the debtor and retain it until
the debt is liquidated. If this custom prevailed here
in regard to borrowed books how many of us would
have the use of our own front doors at this very mo-
ment?

Your historian's suggestion that some one should
build a store to the new glass doors, that seemed al-
most a youthful impertinence en the face of the
time-honored structure at Sandy Spring, has been
acted on, and a convenient and commodious building
has arisen by, and on the old foundation.

An addition and change of front has altered Gid-
eon Gilpin's house into a picturesque cottage.

Outbuildings and shops have been erected at
Philip Stabler's and J. T. Moore's junior.

Two rooms have been added to the house occu-
pied by Samuel Wetherald, at Ashton, and Admiral
Jouett has still another attraction at the "Anchora:
in the shape of a conservatory. Let us hope in the very
distant future he will be the healthiest and finest cen-
tury plant to be found in it.

Mary, Annie and Alice Stabler, have purchased

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 117

Maple Grove near Brighton, and rechristened it Glad-
wyn.

R. Rowland Moore bought land adjoining Amer-
sley, from Frederick Stabler.

As though last year's exodus of mankind was not
sufficiently depressing to the numerous girls left be-
hind them, I have to chronicle still other departures
this year:

Richard I. Lea has gone to Doylestown, Pa., to
take charge of a fancy farm, and Joseph Gilpin has
gone to Atlanta, Georgia, to live.

George B. Miller, after many months at home and
in health resorts, seeking a cure for a distressing mala-
dy, returned to his situation in St. Louis, and with
commendable spirit and determination, although still
on crutches, resumed his business activity.

In Buckles' comprehensive work, the "History of
Civilization in England," occurs this sentence : "It
is not merely the crimes of men which are marked by
a uniformity of sequence, even the number of mar-
riages annually contracted is determined not by the
temper and wishes of individuals, but by large gen-
eral facts. It is now known that marriages bear a
fixed and definite relation to the price of corn, and in
England the experience of a century has proved that
instead of having any connection with personal feel-
ings they are regulated by the average earnings of
the great mass of the people, so that this immense
social and religious institution is not only swayed, but
is completely controlled, by the price of food and the
rate of wages."

Xow if this be true of corn in England, may it not

118 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

»

also be true of potatoes in Sandy Spring, and perhaps

the unusual number of marriages recorded in the past

year is all due to the 70,000 bushels of potatoes raised

in this vicinity in 1887.

"Xo more of your nonsense
About oysters and fishes,
And puddings and dumplings
And delicate dishes —
But give me the thing
That is more to my wishes —
I mean a good Irish potato.

"The Dutchman contented,
Will sit at his ease,
To feast upon sauerkraut,
Smearcase and cheese —
But who in his senses
Would meddle with these

When he could get a good Irish potato?

"The Yankees may praise
Their sweet pumpkin pie,
Their pork and molasses
Together they fry;
But all such strong food
I gladly pass by,

To dine upon Irish potato.

"The Buckskins with pride

May Tauntingly boast

Of their fried and their bodied —

Their baked and their roast —

But, oh, how insipid

The dainties they toast,

When compared to an Irish potato!

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 119

"When you see a damsel
With cheeks like a rose,
And eagerly courted
By Sandy Spring- beaus —

Without hesitation you straightway suppose,
She was raised upon Irish potato."

Apart from the large yield of tubers all other crops
were poor, and, as the lamentations of Job, was the
perpetual cry of "hard times" among the farmers, I
must not omit, however, the immense quantity of rag-
weed gathered by our enterprising friend, Charles
Stabler. He not only cut all on his own place, but
early and late his mower might be seen operating on
his neighbors' farms, until every ill ragweed growing
apace was laid low.

He informs me that he found this new and original
product excellent for bedding, and that sheep eat it
readily.

We now have five railroads running through and
around us, — on paper.

No. i. — From Washington to Frederick.

No. 2. — Narrow gauge from Sandy Spring to
Washington.

No. 3. — Extension of Catonsville short line to
Rockville by Ellicott City.

No. 4. — Extension of the Harrisburg and Gettys-
burg, from Gettysburg to Washington.

No. 5. — Narrow gauge from Laurel to Olney, un-
der charge of Montgomery club.

Though the ground has not yet been broken, or the
stock issued, or the president elected, where there is
so much smoke, there must be some fire, and perhaps

120 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

in the near future, our only difficulty will be to know
which line to patronize.

Those who are not presidents of the various roads,
can be directors. Free passes will abound, the iron
horse will draw our produce to market, our farms
will soon be converted into town lots by this net-
work of rails and we will become a suburb of Wash-
ington.

After many false alarms, and years of weary waiting,
we will have an embarrassment of riches, and perhaps
find ourselves in the trying position of that pious col-
ored brother, who prayed fervently in a season of
drought for rain to make his cabbage grow; pres-
ently a flood descended and washed them all away,
when he again fell on his knees and said, "O Lord,
I did not ask thee for a flood, but only a gentle drizzle,
drizzle."

I have heard that time never passes as swiftly as
when one has a promissory note to pay, and I can
testify that this record of the year has much the same
effect.

The days, weeks and months, between the annual
meetings, glide*by with lightning rapidity, and find me
again confronting you wth a sinking heart and a
promissory note in my hand.

Oliver Wendell Holmes said, "There is nothing on
earth that keeps its youth, so far as I know, but a tree
and truth," and history may be compared to a grow-
ing tree with its roots firmly embedded in the past;
its sturdy trunk to the great events of life, birth, mar-
riage, death, its limbs turning and twisting, crowding
one upon the other, sometimes growing out of all

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 121

symmetry to catch the light ; these are the circum-
stances that surround and mould us, the tiny twigs
and canopy of leaves ; these are the occupations, the
comforts, the pleasures, the harmonious whole of life
and its record. The flower and the fruit are our deeds,
without which all else is of little value.

Great men and great deeds are but few in the
world's history, and the annals of a country neighbor-
hood must deal largely with little things.

Like the "tree and truth, " while my chronicle is
always growing older, it is ever renewing its youth in
those small events which make up, year after year, the
sum of existence.

We must bear in mind that while "trifles make per-
fection, perfection is no trifle, and unless the little
things are well dome, the broken thread, the dropped
stitch here, and there, will mar and finally destroy all
the beauty and utility of the web and woof of life.

"Great deeds are trumpeted.

Loud bells are rung,

And men turn to see

The high peaks eeho to the pean's song,

O'er some great victory;

And yet, great deeds are few —

The mig'htiest men

Find opportunities but now and then.

"Shall man sit idle

Through long days of peace,

Waiting for walls to scale?

Or lie in port until

Some golden fleece

Lures him to face the gale?

122 AXXALS OF SANDY SPBXNG.

There's work enough — why idly, then delay
His works count most
Who labors every day.

"The bravest lives are those to duty wed,

Whose deeds, both great and small

Are close-knit strands

Of one unbroken thread,

Where Love enables all.

The world may sound no trumpet,

King no bells,

In books of life the shining record tells."

CHAPTER VI.

From Fourth Month. 1888, to Fourth Month. 1- -

Barn and outbuildings burned at Belmont — George Ken-
nan, Moncure D. Conway and the Rev. J. S. Kieffer
lectured — Many transfers of property — Obituaries of
Henry Pierce, Sallie Lea, Mary L. Koberts, Mrs. Wash-
ington B. Chichester. Mary Lea Stabler. Elma Paxon,
John H. Strain, Sarah B. Farquhar. William S. Bond,
Margaret B. Farquhar, Rebecca Russell and Deborah
Brooke.

All men and all women have their antipathies.
James 1st could not look upon a glittering sword,
Roger Bacon fainted at the sight of an apple ; and
blank paper, about March and April, fills your "his-
torian"' with antipathy and melancholy apprehension.

There is an all-pervading sense that the "Annual
Meeting" is approaching. I feel it in the March
winds. I know it by every expanding bud and grow-
ing grass blade.

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING 123

As the full moon of April rolls nearer, and nearer,
I become more and moire depressed with the knowl-
edge that my two or three pages of notes must ex-
pand into the year's history, that many sheets of blank
paper must be filled with a suitable narrative to offer
to my audience of friends and critics.

Fourth month, 26th, 1888, Henry Pierce, a very old
resident of Sandy Spring, died in his ninetieth year.
He had been an "old line whig," in later years an ar-
dent republican, and, despite age and infirmity, voted
when opportunity offered.

Fifth month, 4th. Our Friend, Sallie Lea, passed
away in her seventieth year. For a quarter of a cen-
tury she had been a helpless invalid from a painful
malady contracted while nursing the Union soldiers
in the hospitals, during the war of the Rebellion, but
from her sick-chair she wielded an influence not often
accorded to the well and active. She kept house al-
ways, and welcomed her numerous visitors with un-
failing cordiality and interest in the outside world,
which they brought to her.

Her patience and cheerfulness, under severe phy-
sical affliction, was a sermon and example to all.

Her keen sense of humor, her terse and original
modes of expression, her hatred of all affectation or
sham, her extensive knowledge of books and more
especially of human nature, made her an agreeable
companion.

She delighted to impart to the young her taste for
French, Italian, and other foreign languages, and she
was a teacher all her invalid life, which seemed full
of physical and mental activity and a persistent indus-

124 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

try that defied the iriroads of disease.

She contemplated and talked of her release from
suffering as the most desirable change that could oc-
cur, and death came to her as a beneficent friend.

was laid to rest in the lovely, shaded grove in
Woodside cemetery on ist day afternoon. A very
large concourse assembling to attest the universal
affection and esteem in which she was held.

ixth month, 7th. Donald, son of Charles F. and
Annie Brooke Kirk, was born.

We only had three or four clear days in May, and
my note-book records a weary season of pouring rains
and a vain effort to get our gardens fairly started.
tie we could not follow the old rule, ''to sow dry
and to set wet." everything seemed to sprout and grow
with astonishing rapidity, and the yearly miracle of
returning vegetation was all the more wonderful from
its suddenness.

The last of Fifth month, William W. Moore was

: as delegate to the prohibition convention at

Indianapolis, and later in the season was nominated

by his party as a candidate for the United States.

House of Representatives from this district.

Sixth month. 5th. Elizabeth F., daughter of Ed-
ward and Annie Gilpin, was married by Episcopal
ceremony, at her home, Walnut Hill, to Nathaniel B.
Hogg. jr.. of Western Pennsylvania. The house was
so beautifully and profusely decorated it was called
the rose wedding. The young couple left immediate-
ly for Brownsville, Pennsylvania, their future home.

Our quarterly meeting. Sixth month. 9th, was
smaller than usual, but greatly enjoyed.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 125

Sixth month, 18th. Mary L. Roberts died in her
seventy-seventh year. The devoted friend and com-
panion of her latter years prepared, by request, the
following tribute to- her memory :

Longfellow has said,

■tv

"Lives of great men all remind us,
We may make our lives sublime,
And departing, leave behind us,
Footprints on the sands of time."

But the life of this good woman, whose early sub-
mission to the divine will when under affliction, her
self-denial for the welfare of others, her noble chari-
ties and deeds of benevolence, all attesting her great
worth, was truly sublime, and she has left "footprints
on the sands of time" worthy to be followed by any
wishing to attain true excellence of character.

Her indomitable courage and strength of purpose
were evinced when her father had sustained a severe
loss by fire. She, though lame, and only in her eigh-
teenth year, came to the rescue and prevailed on her
parents, John and Eliza Needles, to allow her to open
a "notion store" in their parlor.

There she, with the aid of a younger sister, estab-
lished the business that has gone on increasing for
more than fifty years, and is still known in Baltimore
as the firm of John Needles & Son.

It was in this little store she first met B. Rush Rob-
erts, who afterwards became her husband, the sharer
of all her joys and sorrows, her helper in every good
work.

They were married in 1836, a union resulting in un-

126 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

alloyed happiness, they living together in the utmost
harmony for over forty years.

She often related to her young friends contemplat-
ing marriage the following incident. She had ex-
pressed a desire to have certain things she deemed
necessary in housekeeping. When her husband's busi-
ness had prospered sufficiently to admit of greater
outlay, he told her to make out a list of such articles
as she wanted, and he would get them, as he was now
able to gratify her wishes. She said, "I have been
thinking over the matter and find there is such a dif-
ference between wants and needs, I have decided we
do not need anything, and our wants could never be
supplied."

Another instance of her sound judgment and com-
mendable economy : Denying themselves luxuries,
while young, enabled them to be generous in after
years, and often when aiding some good cause she
would say, "this is the ice-cream we did not eat, or
the rides we did not take."

Having no children, they contributed largely to as-
sist in educating the children of others, defraying
each year the expenses of one or more girls or boys at
some good school.

This generosity was continued after her husband's
death, as long as she survived him.

Her benevolence knew no station, sect or color, as
the destitute around her could testify to her daily
charities to them.

They moved to Sandy Spring from Baltimore in
185 1, where they, together, dispensed the hospitalities
of the Sherwood home to their numerous friends,

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 127

thus radiating happiness from their own hearts to
give happiness to others.

For years after the death of her husband in 1880,
she seemed crushed by this great bereavement, but
at length, by her reliance on the ''everlasting arms,"
she became resigned to the separation, being satis-
fied of a reunion in the life beyond the grave.

During the long and painful illness, which preceded
her death, she was seldom heard to complain, and
when her sister remarked to her, "I think thee is bet-
ter today, and hope thee will soon be well," she said,
"either way, it will be all right," thus showing her
perfect faith in the "Divine love."

When she became reconciled to live, it seemed then
as if she was fitted to die, and enter into the spiritual
fruition of her hopes.

I will close this tribute with a few extracts from the
various written and published testimonials to her
worth.

From the Daily Local News, of West Chester, Pa.,
I copy the folowing:

"The charm of her manners and loveliness of dis-
position, endeared her to a wide circle of loving and
admiring friends. At an earlier period of her life she
was regarded as a writer of no mean ability, having
prepared several published memorials of deceased
Friends, as well as other articles of considerable
merit."

From the "minutes" of "The Woman's Associa-
tion," of which she was the originator, "she might al-
most be called the mother of this society ; by her death
a link in the chain which bound us together has been

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING.

broken. Her place is vacant in the meeting, in the as-
sociation, and in the family circle, and we who have
felt the influence of her pleasant smile, and kindly
words, realize that we have lost a friend and counsellor
whose example we might follow.''

From a tribute by Alpheus B. Sharp, in "Friends'
Intelligencer," the following:

"From the time I entered their house, a boy and
perfect stranger, I felt at home and happy, nor can I
recall a single incident that gave me the slightest pain.
In the years that have followed, scarcely a day passes
that I do not recur with pleasure to my life there, re-
calling many pleasant things prompted by her kindly
thought for her family. It is useless for me to refer
to her great value in the Society of Friends, of which
she was a devoted member. I was one of her boys,
and I cannot pass her death by without some ex-
pression of my regard. Friends, relatives and the
public have lost in her one not easily replaced."

E. H.

In this month, Charles M. Iddings received his
diploma as Doctor of Medicine, and joined his father
in practice at Sandy Spring.

Sixth month, 19th. The Chicago convention met
and this district sent Benjamin H. Miller as delegate.

The heat of the political contest was only exceeded
by the heat of the weather, swiftly followed by fires and
blankets, as the contestants and atmosphere cooled
off, — but from this time until November, the people
talked, the papers teemed, the very air was electrified
with one subject, the merits of high and low tariff, of
"free trade" or "protection." Life-long republicans

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 129

announced their intention of voting for the demo-
cratic candidate, old Jackson democrats hastened in-
to the republican camp. Some remained on the fence
hoping that safety and salvation lay in not voting at
all or getting down on either side. A few said they
wished Mrs. Cleveland was married to General Harri-
son.

When the election returns flashed over the wires, an
astonished republican party found themselves victor-
ious, a still more amazed democratic constituency
were obliged to acknowledge defeat.

So doubtful had seemed the issue, and so numerous
were the bets upon it, that even in our quiet com-
munity, some persons paid the penalty of indiscreet
wagers. Soon after the decisive day in November, on
a certain evening, various triumphant republicans were
wheeled in wheelbarrows from Ashton to Sandy
Spring and back again, while Squire Fairall drew in
a wood cart his staunch republican neighbor, Gideon
Gilpin, and James B. Hallowell tried the efficacy of
the cold water treatment on Louis Stabler.

Some soaking rains incommoded the farmers the
latter part of June and their minds were filled with the
firm conviction that the wheat would rust, or sprout
in the "shock," and when very little damage was dis-
covered they forgot all their unhappy predictions.

Seventh month, ist. Washington B. Chichester
suffered severe bereavement in the death of his wife,
and his family felt keenly the loss of a most devoted
mother.

For many years this estimable lady had been promi-
nent, socially and in the Grange. Dying while still in

130 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

the prime of life, and full tide of usefulness, her
loss extended far beyond her domestic circle.

In this month came our hottest days and nights,
and those who could, sought cool retreats in the
mountains or where "salt breezes blew." Some went
down to the sea in ships, but words are inadequate
to describe their sufferings, or the eagerness with
which they trod the land again.

Some years ago, a writer, whose name was probably
"anonymous." published a thoughtful article, fully il-
lustrated, on that old and vexatious question of "How
To Keep The Boys On The Farm." Your historian
does not now recall much of this able paper, except
the pictures, of which there were several.

One of these represented the boy, whom it was
thought desirable to keep on the farm, confined in
a burglar-proof room, with heavy bars on the win-
dows and so forth. The author argued that there was
nothing better to keep a boy away from the tempta-
tions and snares of city life than this.

Another picture showed the boy with a stout chain
passed around his body, and the other end of it fas-
tened to the stove. This was highly recommended
for making boys feel attached to the farm.

Still another, represented the boy placed in an easy
reclining position, and a considerable pile of stones
heaped on his legs. The writer clearly demon-
strated that there was nothing which had a greater
tendency to make a boy "cling to the old home-
stead." Now this author may have written some-
what in a spirit of levity, and while his plans are novel
in theory, they do not seem entirely practical, and I

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 131

have never heard of any of them being put to actual
use in our neighborhood.

Still, it is becoming a subject of serious import
to your historian, while she is compelled to chronicle
each year the departure of young men from our
midst, and yet, parents and guardians seem to have
no difficulty in keeping their girls at home.

It would be too harrowing to count up the number
of those ''gone, but not forgotten," in the past, and I
will confine myself to this year's report.

George B. Farquhar joined our Sandy Spring Colo-
ny in Roanoke, Va.

Joseph Gilpin went to Baltimore to live, William
Iddings to Doylestown, Penna., and Douglass Miller
to Hampstead, Carroll County. But with all these de-
partures, we have had some arrivals.

Dr. Augustus Stabler and family returned from
Laurence, Mass., to live at Roslyn, and the Doctor
has resumed the practice of medicine at his old home.

Seventh month, 31st. Mary Lea, wife of Henry
Stabler, of Roslyn, died in her sixty-sixth year.

She had been for a long period a confirmed invalid
and sufferer. Although confined to her room, her
great energy enabled her to superintend her house-
hold affairs, and to interest herself in all matters per-
taining to the garden and farm. Her mind was bright
and active to the last. She was buried at Woodside
cemetery.

Elma Paxon, an inmate of Home wood, also died on
Seventh month, 31st, aged seventy-four years, while
visiting relatives near Philadelphia.

Her father was a member of the Pennsvlvania Legfis-

132 ANXALS OF SANDY SPEING.

lature for many years, and she doubtless inherited
from him her marked literary and political tastes. One
of the last efforts of her active mind was to write an
essay on the Constitution of the United States.

This cheerful, entertaining old lady was gr
missed in the quiet domestic circle, which her presence
brightened.

Eighth month, 5th. John H. Strain, -a native of
Tennessee, but for a number of years a prominent
farmer, and highly esteemed citizen, died at his resi-
dence near Brookeville, in his seventy-sixth year.

His polished manners, and generous impulses, won
for him the respect and confidence of the entire com-
munity, and his excellent business qualifications led to
his election as a trustee of the Brookeville Academy,
and a director in the Sandy Spring Savings Institution.
Trusts which he discharged with fidelity and satisfac-
tion. He was also a member of the Senior Agricul-
tural Club of our neighborhood.

Eighth month, 16th. A fine musical entertainment
was given at the Lyceum, conducted by Miss Alice
Riddle, of Washington, followed by a farce in which
native and foreign talent divided the honors.

A number of our young ladies camped, as they did
last year, in the unoccupied house, near the junction
1 f the Hawling's and Patuxent rivers. With numerous
callers, fancy work, music, and books, and incongru-
ous meals, at any hour, determined not by the sun,
but by the pangs of hunger, they had a free and happy
rest from conventional life, and probably appreciated
the regular routine of ordinary existence when they
returned to it.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 133

In addition to the never-failing and ever-prevalent
summer visitor, in August, not for many years have
"boarders" been so numerous ; they came early in the
season and remained late, and pervaded the high-
ways and byways with an air of leisure enjoyment
pleasant to contemplate.

Before, or about this time, a number of little ''carts"
made their appearance in our midst. They had but
two wheels and a limited seat. They were nearly irr
possible to get into, and wonderfully easy to fall out oi.

If the dignity of my office did not forbid, I might
drawr some conclusions from the advent of this "just
room enough for two" vehicle, and the many engage-
ments that are rumored, or I might touch lightly, and
with careful discretion on the fact that 1888 was Leap
Year, and on that Law enacted by the Parliament of
Scotland as far back as 1288, just 600 years ago, which
says in old English, "It is statut and ordaint, that dur-
ing the reine of her Maist Blissed Majestee ilk fourth
year, known as Leap Year, ilk maiden ladye of baith
high and low estate, shall hae liberty to bespeak ye man
she likes albeit ; gif he refuses to take her to be his wife
he shall be mulcted in ye summe of one dundis or less
as his estate moit be, except and awiss gif he can mak
it appear that he is bethrothit to one ither woman,
that he then shall go free."

Eighth month, 24th. The barn and outbuildings were
burned on Edward P. Thomas' farm, and it wras only
by the utmost exertion of the neighbors that the
house, which was on fire many times, was saved.

The direct cause of this disastrous fire was the too
intimate relation between a very small descendant of

134 AXXALS OF SANDY SPBING.

Ham and the dangerous ever-ready-to-iginite parlor
match. In less than three months on Eleventh month
=th, a fine new barn- was raised at Belmont, and the
destroyed outbuildings soon after replaced by more
convenient and commodious ones. In view of all the
toil and moil, and army to feed, that this conflagration
and reconstruction entailed, the ladies of the Belmont
family could hardly be censured if they had inscribed
over their new buildings, a line the traveler tells us is
often seen, cut in the stone doorways of ancient dwell-
ings in Saxony, "Pray, Lord, save my house, and set
those of others on fire."

Eighth month, 26th. Sarah B. Farquhar died in
her eighty-third year.

The distress and anxiety of her family through her
long illness had been shared by the entire neighbor-
hood, and in her death the whole community lost a
dear and honored friend.

She was the eldest daughter of the late Roger
Brooke, cf Brooke Grove, and married early in life,
Dr. Charles Farquhar, brother of our late historian
William H. Farquhar.

Bereft, while still young, by the death of her hus-
band, she was left with a family of small children de-
pendent on her, but she assumed courageously the
added responsibilities her widowhood entailed, and
with great industry and strict economy, kept her little
family together, educated them well, and was all in all
to them ; their guide, philosopher and friend.

Pleasant in manner and conversation, hospitable in
her home, conscientious in religious and social duties,
she was greatly beloved and esteemed for all those ad-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 135

mirable qualities that make up a self-sustained, and
well-rounded womanly character.

She was very successful as gardener and florist, and
at the meetings of the horticultural society she was
one of the most interested and valuable members for
many years.

She had passed beyond the allotted period of life,
but she was so useful, so happy, so active in her home
duties, it seemed she might live many more years to
bless her family and friends.

She had, in a marked degree, that rarest of all come-
liness, the beauty of old age. Time had effaced, rather
than deepened, the lines that care and sorrow im-
printed on the face, and had left on her serene brow
and clear eyes all that was true, good and spiritual
The purity of her heart and life irradiated her coun-
tenance with a lovely expression of inward peace.

Her funeral was largely attended, and she was laid
to rest in the old burying-ground, Eighth month,
twenty-eighth.

Ninth month, 13th. The annual exhibition of the
horticultural society was held at the Lyceum.

After the long-continued rain the day seemed
charming, although too cold to1 stand or sit down out
doors. The attendance was large, and the various ad-
dresses more edifying than usual.

Henry C. Hallowell, who has been President of the
society for twenty-five consecutive years, made a hap-
py reference to past results and future expectations of
the organization, and spoke feelingly of valued mem-
bers who had so recently entered the unknown
country.

136 AXNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

The Rev. Mr. Sutton, at Beltsville, Mr. E. C. Peter
and Mr. Yeirs Bouic, junior, of Rockville, made per-
tinent and humorous speeches.

All the departments of exhibit were well filled
with perhaps, the exception of the floral, repeated
rains having destroyed many flowers.

In this month, Edith B. Thomas, having received
part of her education in Massachusetts, returned there
to take charge of a small school.

Sarah Scorield was appointed teacher of the public
school at Sandy Spring.

George B. Miller returned from St. Louis to as-
sume the duties of principal of Sherwood school, and
with the able assistance of Miss Belle Hannum, of
Pennsylvania, successfully conducted the school to the
satisfaction cf patrons and pupils.

By the severe illness of Henry C. Hallowell a full
school at Rockland was deprived of his sen-ices for
many months, but the routine of studies was neverthe-
less maintained through the efficient aid of a former
graduate, Elizabeth T. Stabler.

In the early part of the Xinth month, and later in
our historical year, there were a number of sales of
property.

John C. Bentley bought Sherwood farm, and moved
his family from Cloverly to its more commodious
house.

Dr. Samuel Scott bought the homestead on which
he was raised.

Chares G. Porter bought Dr. C. E. Iddings' place.

Miss Bringhurst, of Wilmington, Del., bought and

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEIXG. 137

presented to Mrs. Sophia Robison the house she oc-
cupies.

Albert Stabler bought the Van Horn farm near Lav
Hill.

Robert Miller bought of William Lea, junior, his
farm laying opposite Cherry Grove.

William D. Hartshorne, now of Lawrence, Mass.,
bought Brighton Store.

Mary Ellicott Thomas purchased the homestead of
her father, the 'late Samuel Ellicott.

Anna G. Lea bought a portion of Springdale farm.

Ninth month, 23rd. Our esteemed friend, William
S Bond, died after a long and painful illness.

Many years ago he established and carried on suc-
cessfully the fertilizer business, and his reputation for
honest and upright dealing was unimpeachable.

He was one of the originators, and an active mem-
ber of the Enterprise Club, and belonged to the "Home
Interest."

His judgment was good, and he had a thorough
knowledge of many practical things useful in every-
day life.

He was a devoted husband and father, and a kind
neighbor.

His funeral on the 20th was largely attended, many
strangers being present.

The weather towards the last of Ninth month was
unusually cold and disagreeable ; we felt like putting
up stoves and getting into warmer quarters, while
shivering in summer raiment.

Tenth month, 17th. Edith D., daughter of John
C. and Cornelia H. Bentlev, was born.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Tenth month, 23rd. Bessie Porter Miller was mar-
ried at her home, Alt. Airy, by Friends' ceremony, to
Prof. William Taylor Thorn, of Roanoke, Virginia,
where they will reside.

Besides relatives and friends from the neighborhood,
many strangers attended this pleasant wedding.

The sunny, charming days, and rich foliage of Octo-
ber, seemed to atone in a measure, for all the rains and
clouds of September. As the Poet says,

"Here's a song for gay October,

She's a lassie far from sober,
Lover of the woody nne,

Wreathed -with foliage fair and fine;
Grapes of amethystine cluster,

With a rare and burnished lustre,
Fall within her eager grasp,

As a jewel might unclasp;
All the fruitage of the year

Meets its consummation here;
Apples rosy, russet, yellow,

Come within this season mellow,
Corn and wheat are stored away,

Safe against a later day.

"0 the sunrise and the dew!

0 the moon's enchanted blue!
But the golden afternoon

Softens into shadows soon;
There's a mist upon the hills,

There's a vapor on the rills,
There's a whisper in the woods —

(Solemn sylvan solitudes!)
Say they all with portent sober.

Say good-bye to sweet October!
What she brings she takes away —

Soon November will hold sway.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 139

Kneel upon the verdant sod,

Pluck the nodding- gxdden rod;
Fill jour arms with brilliant leaves,

Praise the tints the frost-elf weaves,
Then with saddened looks and sober,

Bid farewell to bright October."

A new industry was developed in these autumn
months, by the hewing of hundreds of thousands of
hickory spokes from the forests of Sandy Spring.

A score of strangers, known by the generic name of
the "Hickory Men," accomplishing this result with
a total disregard of that pathetic old song,

"Woodman spare that tree,
Touch not a single bough."

Many line walnut trees were also felled and sold
profitably.

It has been sharply said by an able writer, that "hu-
manity signalized its sudden leap of material progress
in the nineteenth century by springing, ax in hand
at the throats of the forests throughout the globe."

Judging from the number of fine trees that came
crashing to earth about this time, we must have made
"material progress" very fast. Many acres were
cleared in different sections. The stately growth of
centuries laid low, views extended and the topography
of the country comparatively changed.

The senior Roger Brooke, of Brookegrove, in his
walks over his farm, used to carry walnuts in his pock-
ets, and making holes with his cane, drop them in.
Many of these seed are now quite large trees and it
would be well if everv one could remember to be as

140 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

thoughtful about planting, as they are often careless
in destroying.

In the Eleventh month, the various societies were
in full tide, and in addition to the eighteen already
nourishing in our neighborhood, four others were in-
augurated.

A woman suffrage society, with Caroline H. Miller
as chairman and James P. Stabler as secretary, was
started with a smaller membership than the well-
known feminine independence of Sandy Spring would
lead one to suppose possible.

Our very young ladies and gentlemen formed a lit-
erary circle, which meets once in three weeks, called
"Phrenaskeia." Judging from the length of time it
took some of the parents and guardians, and even the
members, to learn how to spell and pronounce this
Greek title, it would appear that its English meaning.
"Mind improver," might have served its purpose.

The historian would be better able to describe the
"inner consciousness" of this society had she ever
been admitted to its sacred and mysterious precincts.
As far as an outsider can judge, it is well conducted,
and much interest is displayed in discussing questions
and searching for information on useful topics.

A mission school for the colored children was es-
tablished under the direction of Alary E. Moore, whi :h
meets every 7th day afternoon, at Sharp Street, with
often an attendance of sixty or seventy children.

Still another society confined principally to the
Sharon family, and presided over by its youngest
member. This is called the ''Curious Club."

In the bewildering maze of all these twenty-two

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 141

clubs, granges, lodges, societies and associations,
would it not be well for our excellent and highly es-
teemed medical corps, and older doctors, who have
given us so much advice, and so many doses; our
younger practitioners who have given us all they have
had time to — would it not be well for these guardians
of our mental and physical health, to establish still
another society, and call it the "Stay At Home And
Rest Cub," setting apart the longest day by the al-
manac in each month, when all the inhabitants of San-
dy Spring shall refrain from going to any organiza-
tion whatsoever, when they shall all cease from phy-
sical exertions in the way of feasts, club-suppers, asso-
ciation dinners, and horticultural teas?

When all the harrassed brains shall write no "min-
utes," prepare no literary exercises, struggle over no
religious essays, gather no statistics, search for no
obscure quotations, evolve no "history," and above all
indite no papers on "why farming does not pay."

Perhaps this enforced rest of mind and body, this
sweetness of doing nothing and thinking less, might
lead to: the gradual revival of a lost art in Sandy
Spring, the delightful art of social visiting.

Some of us remember with a tender regret, for the
vanished habits of those good old days, when we were
children, how the neighbors used to drop in to dinner
and tea unexpectedly ; how they always came soon
after breakfast to dine with us and directly after dinner
if they meant to stay to tea. They brought their knit-
ting and their work, and swiftly and pleasantly the so-
cial hours sped by until early candle light, when they
returned home in old-fashioned farming style. But if

142 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

we started out now, intent on this friendly and inform-
al intercourse, how many organizations might we not
run against in this society-tossed and club-harassed
community !

Eleventh month, 17th. Marjorie, daughter of
Frank and Fanny Smowden, was born.

Eleventh month, 23rd. A very creditable entertain-
ment was given at the Lyceum. It seems almost in-
vidious to mention one of the amateur troops more
than another, "Snowed In" was so well acted; but I
cannot refrain from calling to mind the somewhat
rheumatic, but still active, old "beau" of the play, and
the slow-moving, though tireless, "Joe."

Twelfth month, 1st. Mary Randolph, daughter of
Samuel and Pattie S. Hopkins, was born.

Twelfth month, 12th. William, jr., son of R.
Rowland and Margaret G. T. Moore, was born.

Twelfth month, 17th. Ray S., daughter of Guion
and Annie T. Miller, was born.

Rebecca Russell died on the 21st of Twelfth month,
within three days of her hundredth and second birth-
day.

She was the daughter of Hugh and Margaret Rus-
sell, of Xew Garden Township, Chester County, Pa.,
was adopted by her maternal uncle, Joseph Shallcross,
of Wilmington, Del'., with whom she lived the re-
mainder of his life, thirty years, and after a number
of removals, from one place to another, in all of which
her services were important and highly appreciated,
she was called to Sandy Spring to nurse the failing
father of the Lea family at Walnut Hill. After the
death of Thomas Lea. the head of that house, bv his

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 143

request, she remained an inmate of the home to aid in
keeping the members together, until the marriage of
Mary Lea to Henry Stabler, when she took up her
abode with the young couple at Roslyn, where she
lived, beloved, valued and honored for forty-four
years. Despite her age, she was always busy, cheer-
ful and helpful, and interested in the welfare of all
around her. Her hearing became somewhat impaired,
but for many years she enjoyed her second sight, read-
ing without glasses.

For a long period she remained quietly at home,
constantly employed, and filled with a sweet content-
ment most rare in the restless turmoil of modern life.

She was full of interesting anecdotes of the past, and
her conversation was charming and instructive. A few
hours before she passed painlessly away, she said she
felt so "happy and peaceful." Her skin was soft and
fair, her face did not show her great age, and on it was
an expression of Heavenly rest.

Her funeral ist day afternoon, Twelfth month, 23rd,
was very large, and she was laid to rest in Woodside
cemetery.

Twelfth month, 26th. Richard I. Lea and Annie,
daughter of Frederick Brown, were married at St.
Luke's church, by Episcopal ceremony. The bride
and groom started immediately for Doylestown, Pa.,
their future home.

First month, ist, 1889. That large class of people
who grow gloomy towards the end of the year, and
who make any reference to time an occasion for giv-
ing their speech a solemn cast, might study with profit
the entries which are found at the close of the differ-

144 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ent years in the journals of George Eliot; and Long-
fellow, the American poet, has a heartiness and cheer-
fulness in his record, which we should expect from
one who always looked on the bright side, while the
English novelist, although a constant victim of ill-
health, was fully as successful in drawing pleasant and
helpful lessons from the Meeting years.

"I have been helped," she says, "in looking back to
compare former with actual dates of despondency,
from bad health and other apparent causes ; in this way
a past despondency has turned to present hopefulne-s.''

She is fond of writing of the dear old years, and of
noting what work she has done during the twelve
months.

''The year is gone,'' she says, "with all its struggling
and striving; yet, not gone either, for what I have suf-
fered and enjoyed in it remains to me an everlasting
possession.''

As to the poet, he never tires of apostrophizing the
dying year. "So closes the year," he writes, "peace to
his ashes, peace to the embers of burnt-out things
of years, anxieties, doubts, all gone. Xot many hopes
deceived, not many anticipations disappointed, but
love fulfilled, the heart comforted, the soul enriched
with affection."

And again, he exclaims, as another year passes by,
"shake hands, old friend, I have learned much from
thee and sung thy spring in prose and thy autumn in
song, and now farewell!"

The power of a strong mind to triumph over sick-
ness and trouble is one of the great lessons of George
Eliot's life, and is nowhere seen to better advantage

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 145

than in the last records which she makes as the Dec-
embers go quickly by.

"I enjoy a more and more even cheerfulness, and
continually increasing power in dwelling on the good
that is given to me, and dismissing the thought of small
evils," is the entry with which she closed her record.

Would it not be well to try the plan of the great
novelist for the coming twelve months, and instead of
being worried by the "small evils" of life, dwell on the
good that is given us ? Such a plan faithfully carried
out, would result in making 1889 a far happier year
for us, than would any number of good resolutions,
easily made and soon forgotten."

First month, 7th, 1889. The annual meeting of the
Board of Directors of The Mutual Fire Insurance
Company of Montgomery County took place. Al-
though the losses in 1888 by fire had been more than
ever before, exceeding $68,000, the company had been
able to meet all indebtedness promptly, and to keep a
surplus on hand.

First month, 15th. The farmers' seventeenth annual
convention was held at the Lyceum. In the absence
of the president, Flenry C. Hallowell, Benjamin D.
Palmer, the vice-president, presided.

In his excellent address he said, "From these meet-
ings each member returns to his home enriched by
the example and combined experience of others. These
conventions send as delegates not lawyers and politi-
cians, but practical farmers. A long stride could be
made in educating farmers, not only how to raise larger
crops on less land and at less cost, and how to co-
operate in selling crops and buying supplies, but

146 ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING.

how to find out what legislation they want, and how to
get it."

Many interesting topics were discussed through the
day.

Mr. J. B. Ayres read a paper on the advisability of
forming Farmers' Institutes throughout the State.
Prof. Alvord, of the Agricultural College, made an
address. Henry Stabler, Samuel Hopkins, Dr. Thomas,
E. C. Gilpin, and others, discussed the canning busi-
ness, draining lands, stock, creameries, and other farm
topics.

First month, 18th. The Lyceum overflowed with an
audience, who enjoyed a delightful treat in a lecture
on the "Mountaineers of the Caucasus," by the dis-
tinguished traveller and author, George Kennan, of
Washington.

Apart from his vivid and charming description of
strange scenes and barbaric people, it was worth a
great deal to see this gentleman in the native dress of
the wild mountaineers, and to have an opportunity of
examining their firearms, dirks, etc., which each man
made in his own smithy, all of the finest workmanship,
and inlaid with precious metals.

First month, 20th. Sydney Buchanan, a son, was
born to Ulric and Mary Janney Hutton.

This month was exceptional, as regards weather,
which was clear and delightful, with few storms.

Farmers were everywhere plowing, violets bloom-
ing outdoors, trees and shrubs making hasty prepara-
tions to bud and blossom before their time.

Despite a moderate temperature, and no severe cold,
old and young were alike the victims of various ail-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 147

ments, and tnere were more serious and long-con-
tinued cases of illness among our people than for
many years. Several painful accidents also befell.

In January, Arthur and Anna Stabler started on a
long journey to California, going thither by New Or-
leans, and the southern route.

Second month, 14th. Many of our people were
again fortunate in listening to a very unique and in-
teresting lecture on Washington Lore from "Washing-
ton Land," by Moncure D. Conway. This gentleman
having been, born in the same township with the father
of his country, had collected many traditions, anec-
dotes and original letters, and in his cultivated and
humorous style, had woven them into a delightful dis-
course.

Second Month, 25th. Ruth, daughter of Janney
and Helen R. Shoemaker, was born.

The first number of a republican paper, called the
"Montgomery Press," published at Rockville, ap-
peared in this month. A liberal share of the stock was
subscribed in Sandy Spring.

The first experiment of heating houses with steam
was introduced at Amersley and Plainfield, and the
ladies of these respective homes rejoiced in the ab-
sence of dust and dirt that inevitably follow the burn-
ing of coal and wood.

Elizabeth Comstock, an Orthodox Friend and phil-
anthropist, from New York State, accompanied by her
daughter, made a long stay in our neighborhood, she
held many public and private meetings, and paid many
social visits acceptable to all.

Third month, 4th, was a very inclement day. Some

148 AXXALS OF BANDY SPRING.

brave people ventured to Washington, and many more
were disappointed in not seeing the grand pageant of
the inauguration ceremonies.

The following communication was sent me by a
family connection of our esteemed friend Margaret
Farquhar, soon after her death.

"I was asked by our historian to write a few words
commemorative of [Margaret Farquhar, who died at
her home, "The Cedars," on 4th day afternoon, the
6th of the Third month, in the seventy-seventh year
of her age.

"Dearly as I loved her for her many virtues, her self-
sacrificing and loving nature, her patience, industry,
courage, cheerfulness, her warm and tender sympa-
thy ; ardently as I admired and honored her intellect,
I feel unworthy to pay her a fitting tribute. My mind
seems powerless to coin into suitable language the
impression that she made upon my heart. I can say,
however, that the last laborious days of her earthly
pilgrimage were perfectly consistent with her entire
life and character. Not one sigh escaped her in all her
sufferings. In her last hour a bright smile, a loving and
appreciative word greeted all who approached her, and
the grave repose of her peaceful countenance was even
in death the exponent of her noble and triumphant
spirit." M. B. M.

I quote in conclusion, a brief extract from a letter
received by the family, since her death, which will, I
know, find a warm response in the feelings of all who
have ever been closely associated with her.

"You do not care to be told of her virtues or the

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 149

beauty of her character, for you know them better than
anyone.

"Her face told its own story of a most heroic sorul.
She seemed to me, with her gentle voice, her calm
smile, and her patient eyes, like one who stood upon
the horizon of a long life, and looking over the many
conflicts, through which she had passed, felt herself
their moral victor. What a reunion there must have
been, when those two, but a short while apart, met
again."

Our farmers who had been hauling potatoes since
the autumn, and through the winter months were still
at it. Prices were never so low, and the market
seemed overstocked.

Wheat, however, of which there had been a good
average crop, was higher than for some years, and it
was sold at $1.18 per bushel by persons in our neigh-
borhood, who wished their potatoes could be meta-
morphosed into grain.

The yield of hay had not been as large as usual,
and the prices were good, if there had only been more
of it.

There was plenty of corn, but it was extremely low,
corn meal selling at the mills for forty-two cents a
bushel.

The problem seemed to be whether it was best to
have little and sell high, or thousands of bushels and
dispose of them at low rates.

"How to make farming pay?" a question that proba-
bly disturbed Adam, as soon as he retired from horti-
culture and the Garden of Eden, is still troubling the
descendants of the primeval countrv man.

150 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Some persons think the Grange Agency established
in Washington and well patronized, will have the de-
sired effect in the right direction, by enabling our
farmers to dispose of their produce in bulk at better
rates, and in much less time than by individual efforts.
Others think we must simplify our modes of living, and
economize, according to our means. Still others be-
lieve that we cannot return to those primitive days,
when city luxuries were unknown in the country, and
we must make our mother earth yield additional tri-
bute, and supply, not only our absolute needs, but our
real and imaginary wants.

In this month, James P. Stabler gave a lecture
on the subject of electricity to the pupils of Sher-
wood school, which was highly appreciated by them,
and also by older persons who attended.

Third month, 18th. Robert H. Miller, of Alloway,
shipped to Liverpool over twenty cattle especially fat-
tened for the foreign market ; owing to the unprece-
dented low rates just at this time the venture was not
profitable, although the first export of the kind from
Sandy Spring.

Third month, 19th. The Rev. J. S.'Kieffer, of Hag-
erstown, lectured at the Lyceum, on the "Protection
of Individuality." A rainy and disagreeable evening
prevented many from attending, who would otherwise
have enoyed a most entertaining and original dis-
course.

One of President Cleveland's last official acts was
to sign a bill for a railroad from Washington to San-
dy Spring, and on Third month, 22nd, pursuant to the
requirements of this Act of Congress, an "incorpora-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 151

tors' " meeting was held in Washington, and various
officers appointed.

The line from Gettysburg to the District is still
threatened, and we are in painful doubts whether it
will reach here in one year or twenty.

Baltimore Quarterly Meeting which occurred in
this month, was well attended by our friends, who had
the satisfaction of occupying, for the first time, the
commodious and convenient new meeting-house re-
cently built.

With our limited vision, we know not which is the
greater blessing, life or death. Whether the innocent
babe, dying in its mother's arms, or he who journeys
all the length of life's uncertain road, has best fulfilled
his mission here.

It may be that death gives all there is worth to
life, and the common fate treads from out the paths,
between our hearts, the weeds of hate and selfishness.

When the opening bud is blighted, we feel it has
been spared much, when the old and infirm sink to
rest, it is the course of nature.

But, when one in the prime of life, and full tide of
usefulness, like our friend Deborah Brooke is called
away, we can only find consolation in the fact that she
felt perfect peace, and the assurance that her duties
had been ended.

A most competent woman, all she attempted was
well and thoroughly done. Quiet, self-sustained, most
unselfish, she was capable of the utmost devotion to
those she loved.

Her aged, widowed mother was her tender charge,
and brothers and sisters, nieces and nephews, looked

152 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

to her for all those kind attentions, those hourly and
daily benefits, she cheerfully gave. The sick and suf-
fering had often experienced her admirable care.

"Her life to other lives she gave,
To self -bestowed she lived."

Human aid and affection could mitigate, but were
powerless to relieve her lingering and painful illness,
yet no murmur escaped her. Forgetting herself, she
sent loving and thoughtful messages to others. Fully
conscious of the approaching change, calm and heroic,
she accepted with unquestioning faith the decree of a
supreme power, and entered into higher life at mid-
night Third month, 27th, 1889.

As the long procession of sorrowing relatives and
friends followed her remains to their resting-place, on
the afternoon of the 29th, the solemn silence was
only broken by the rustling of the leaves beneath our
feet, but we knew that under this dead and cast-off
garment of the winter, was the life and resurrection of
the coming spring.

We felt that her virtues, her unselfish deeds, her
christian spirit were as imperishable as the springing
flower and growing grass blades.

Fourth month, 6th. The most furious snow-storm
of the season surprised us, evergreens were greatly
damaged, and their branches torn and twisted, not
only by the heavy weight of wet snow, but by the
fierce wind that followed.

In a recent visit to that portion of our neighborhood
called Brighton, but few changes could be observed.

The historian must note, however, the construction

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 153

of a most cleanly and commodious "pig palace" at
Lea wood. Nothing to equal it has ever been seen in
our vicinity before, and the combined talents of Isaac
and Charles Hartshorne are responsible for this build-
ing.

So subtle are the influences of surroundings, that
these fat "Jersey Reds," as they reposed on their
raised platforms quite above the mire, had a positive
air of comfort and gentility never before observed
among porkers.

The proclamation of the Governor of Maryland re-
questing every good citizen to plant trees on "Arbor
day," April 10th, was a timely protest against a de-
struction that has heretofore taken no thought of fu-
ture need.

Interesting ceremonies took place at Sherwood
Academy. Caroline H. Miller and Henry C. Hallowell
made appropriate addresses, music, and recitations
were enjoyed, and a poem written for the occasion was
recited. A fine young sugar maple was planted, so as
to partly shade the public road.

Many persons planted trees throughout the neigh-
borhood.

Our Orthodox Friends have doubled the size of
their meeting-house by a convenient addition in the
rear, just in time to hold their second quarterly meet-
ing on the 14th and 15th of this month. Mention of
their first quarterly meeting last year having been in-
advertently omitted by the historian.

Within the past historical year many have left us
who were linked with the past ; courageous hearts that
bore the struggle and the burdens of those earlier days

154 A'NNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

in our history, when the conditions of life were harder,
and more toilsome, than they are now.

Their spotless characters and their good deeds have
given a tone and a quality to our community. Who
among us is worthy to fill their vacant places, and to
live close to their high standard of moral excellence?

But "three tenses of life belong to man," the past to
old age, the future to the young, the present to child-
hood ; it is to the youthful and the children, those who
will make our history in the years to come, that I will
address my closing remarks.

There never has been a time when the opinions of
the young received as much respect as now.

They are no longer required to walk in narrow and
prescribed paths. This is- the age of progress, and every
influence is brought to bear by parents and teachers
to expand their growing minds, to widen their spheres
of usefulness, to encourage an individuality that shall,
if rightly directed, make an admirable diversity of
character ; character that must make its mark on the
entire community.

In a very delightful lecture, recently delivered in
this hall, the speaker impressed on his hearers the
necessity of individuality, the success in life that might
be attained by thinking and acting out the best that
is in us, without reference to, or fear of, public opinion.

The advantage not only of having an individuality
ourselves, but of permitting others to have their in-
dividualities.

Just in proportion as the young receive so many
benefits in the matter of education and home culture
are their responsibilities increased, and out of their

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 155

abundance they should feel compelled to- extend the
helping hand to others less fortunate.

It is the thinking and doing for others, the sacrifice
of self, that forms and enriches the character.
As a very wise and good man once said :
"Each of us is bound to make the little circle in
which he lives better and happier, each of us is bound
to see that out of that small circle the widest good
may flow, each of us may have fixed in his mind the
thought that out of a single household may go forth
influences that shall stimulate the whole community,
the commonwealth and the civilized world."

CHAPTER VII.

From Fourth Month, 1889, to Fourth Month, 1890.

Ashton Rostoffice established — Johnstown flood — Dr.
Francis Thomas and family went to Europe — Post-
office established at Holland's Corner and named
Norwood — Very warm winter — Obituaries of Allan
Bowie Davis, Helen Bentley Lea, jr., Rebecca Iddings,
Albert Chandlee, Joseph Paxon, Mary Ellicott Thom-
as, William Miles, Catherine Bowie, Roger Brooke
Thomas, Richard T. Bentley, Uriah B. Kirk, Mahlon
Chandler and Wm. Summers Osborn.

From a remote antiquity, at the beginning of all re-
cord until the present time, there has been a myster-
ious prominence bestowed on the number seven. This,
no doubt, had its origin in natural causes. The ob-
servation of the seven planets, and the phases of the
moon changing every seven days.

156 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Through the old and new Testaments, all church
festivals, fasts and feasts were seven days long, and the
same space of time was allotted for weddings and
mourning for the dead. Every seventh day was
sacred.

In the history of all nations, and through mytholo-
gy, this same number appears in every conceivable
connection. The seven sleepers, the seven wise men,
the seven wonders of the world, the seven ages of man.

The changes supposed to take place in the human
frame, so that every seven years, particle by particle,
the body is renewed ; the seventh son of a seventh
son has always been a wizard or a doctor.

When I realized that I was about to appear before
you for the seventh time, with this record in my hand,
I trembled seventy times seven, as if the influence of
this mystic numeral was upon me, and I wished that
the seventh daughter of a seventh daughter would
arise and solicit this position, which I would joyfully
resign.

The "history" was read last year on the 15th of the
Fourth month, and three days afterwards, on the 18th,
Allan Bowie Davis died in his eighty-first year, at his
winter residence in Baltimore. His remains were in-
terred at his old home, "Greenwood," near Brooke-
ville.

He was so interested in our people, and various in-
stitutions, a notice of his life and death is not out of
place here.

Born at "Greenwood," in the ancestral mansion,
built by his father in 1755, he passed all his youthful
years there, completing his academic course at the

ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING. 157

Brookeville Academy when he was sixteen, and, after
that, devoting himself so successfully to the farm that
his father gave him sole management of it.

He married young, and was in early life appointed
to offices of trust and importance.

He was instrumental in securing the first prohibi-
tory law in Maryland, and had it extended over the en-
tire district.

About 1840, he was elected president of the Mont-
gomery County Agricultural Society, and greatly ad-
vanced the farming interests of the County. His pub-
lic spirit was constantly manifesting itself in devising
improvements for the people.

He obtained the charter and stock subscription for
the Brookeville and Washington Turnpike Company,
constructed the road, and was its first president.

In 1862 he was elected to the legislature, the ex-
citing circumstances and complications of the civil
war making this an eventful session.

He was for many years an efficient director of the
Montgomery County Insurance Company, and his in-
terest in Olney Grange, of which he was a valued mem-
ber, never abated.

The last public office held by Mr. Davis, and by no
means the least, was that of school commissioner of
this county; he greatly advanced the public interest
in education by his wise management and zeal.

His influence upon the county life of his section was
elevating and enriching. He set an example to farm-
ers showing them how they could become not only
successful cultivators of the soil, but useful citizens
and educated men. He demonstrated that farming is

loo ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

not only a proritabie occupation, but a noble calling,
with which true refinement and high culture may be
associated.

About the middle of Fourth month, we .had several
days of excessive heat. Shrubs and trees were forced
into rapid and imperfect bud and bloom ; this was fol-
lowed by pouring rains which beat off the premature
flowers, so that our lilacs, snowballs and apple blos-
soms were indeed a fleeting show.

Fourth month, 25th. Prof. Thomas Willson, Cura-
tor of the Smithsonian Institute, lectured at the Ly-
ceum on "Prehistoric Man," to an audience composed
largely of young ladies. It was a discourse calculated
to awaken much interest in the remains of past and
gene nations, evidences of which are all around us,
in our woods and fields, if we will only examine with
seeing eyes.

Fifth month, 1st. Mainly through the exertions of
Thomas L. Moore, the postmaster-general was in-
duced to give us an additional mail each day ; one
reaching Sandy Spring at 10.30 A. M., and the second
at 6.15 P. M., and leaving this office at 7 A. M. and 2
P. M. Thus enabling us to receive letters and forward
answers on the same day.

About this date some of our people witnessed the
pomp and circumstance with which the centennial of
the presidency of George Washington was celebrated
in New York City, and all over the country with more
or less imposing ceremonies, except in Sandy Spring.

For once our neighborhood, often in the front rank,
was left far behind. While many relics of the father of
his country were in our midst, a piece of his coffin, a

ANNALS OF SANDY SPBING. 159

few hairs from his venerated head, a snuff box, pre-
sented by him to a member of the Bowie family, a bed-
stead on which he once slept, from the old Snowden
mansion near Laurel, and a foot stool from Mt. Ver-
non. We sent none of these authenticated remains to
swell the torrent of "relics" that poured into New
York from other states and territories ; we did not even
add another to the battalion of body servants that
hobbled into prominence.

I will copy a single specimen of the innumerable
poems that appeared in the daily papers in commem-
oration of this event.

""When Washington was President —

As cold as amy icicle,
He never on a railroad went,

And never rode a bicycle;
He read by no electric lamp,

Nor heard about the Yellowstone;
He never had a postage stamp,

And never saw a telephone.
His short clothes ended at the knee,
By wire he could not snatch despatch,
He never steamed across the seas,

And never had a match to scratch.
But in these days it's come to pass,

All work is with such dashing done,
We've all these things, but, then, alas!

We seem to have no Washington."

A postoffice was established at Ashton, the ist of
the Fifth month, and Alban G. Thomas appointed
postmaster.

Fifth month, 5th. The remains of the infant child
of Henry T. and Helen Bentley Lea, were brought

160 ANNALS OF SANDY SPEIXG.

from Lawrence, Mass., and interred at Woodside
cemetery. This baby that had lived a very short time
was named for its mother.

A few days later, the remains of Rebecca, infant
daughter of Ernest and Minnie Rust Iddings, were
brought from Elton, and buried at Woodside
cemetery.

Fifth month, 9th, 10th and nth, very high winds
prevailed, followed by intense heat, and the farmers
were planting corn with the mercury ranging from
ninety to one hundred degrees.

About the middle of May, the young folks had a
large and enjoyable riding party to Triadelphia, and
those who did not go have never been able to rind
out just how many miles were traversed that day.

Fifth month, 20th. Albert Chandlee died in his
fifty-fifth year, after many months of invalidism.

For a long period he had carried on successfully the
canning business, in addition to his farming interests.

He wras one of the directors of the savings institu-
tion of Sandy Spring.

He was an attentive son to his aged father, an indus-
trious and estimable man, and a kind neighbor. The
last word he uttered was "rest." His death was a great
blow to his immediate family.

His funeral at the meeting-house on the 22nd, was
largely attended, many colored persons, whom he had
employed, being present.

Fifth month, 23rd. A fine large barn wras raised at
Fair Hill, with the usual accompaniment of a crowd
and a good dinner.

About this time, a custom wrhich prevails elsewhere

AXXALS OF SANDY SPEING. 161

among "Friends," of men and women sitting together
in meeting was adopted to a limited extent here. A
few of the younger brothers drifted in on our side,
but there was no general move to change the distinct-
ive feature of the society, which prevails not only in
the meeting-house, but in social intercourse, where
the men angels are very apt to gather on one side, and
the women angels on the other.

On the morning of Fifth month, 31st, a dashing rain-
storm began, continuing for twenty-four hours with
increasing fury of wind and Volumes of water. The
heavy pall of black clouds, the steady downpour, and
the shrieking blast, filled one with a feeling of terror.

The damage in our immediate vicinity was confined
to a few trees blown down, roads undermined, bridges
swept away. In other parts of Montgomery County
there was serious loss to property, but this was almost
forgotten in the accounts from Johnstown, in our
neighboring state of Pennsylvania.

A lake, swollen beyond all precedent, burst through
its protecting wall, and a resistless avalanche of water,
forty feet high, swept through a narrow valley, de-
stroying villages and towns in its path, and leaving be-
hind a scene of ruin and disaster that thrilled the civ-
ilized world.

How many thousands, young and old, saint and sin-
ner, were hurled out of existence in those frightful
hours we shall never know; but, shining like beacon
lights above the dark flood, were some heroic figures.

The nameless messenger who rode like the wind on
his powerful gray horse down the valley to warn the
inhabitants of their impending doom and was himself

lti~; ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

lost ; a woman telegraph operator, who remained at
her instrument until the flood swept over her, sending
dispatch after dispatch of terrible import, praying the
people below to flee to the hills for their lives.

John Coffin, a nephew of our friend Mary C.
Brooke, a young man of brilliant intellect, and unusual
scholarly atttainments, rescued numbers of drowning
persons by his presence of mind and almost super-
human efforts. A few weeks later, he fell a victim to
typhoid fever, contracted in thus nobly exposing him-
self to save others.

While the daily newspaper sifts the past to atoms,
foretells the future, and leaves nothing to the imagina-
tion, it seems as if the old heroic age was gone, as if
there was but little scope in these prosaic days for
personal bravery and magnificent deeds ; but the year
1889, replete with terrific storms, and wide-spread dis-
aster on land and sea, was remarkable for unparallel-
ed heroism displayed by obscure men and women,
who rose wTith the circumstances under which they
were placed, and immortalized themselves.
. There were many instances of this rare courage at
Johnstown, and again, by American sailors in the land-
locked harbor of the Samoan Islands, who cheered
the English man-of-war, as she escaped from the dead-
ly hurricane into the open sea, and then went to their
own doom on the pitiless rocks, with flags flying and
band playing.

All this is not strictly Sandy Spring history, but
when heroes, philosophers and martyrs, do great deeds,
speak grand words, suffer noble sorrows for humanity,
it is "the touch of nature that makes the whole world

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 163

kin," and it should be our privilege to appreciate, to
sympathize, to emulate !

Sixth month, .4th. The remains of Joseph Paxon,
son-in-law of the late Caleb Iddings, of Riverside, were
brought from Philadelphia, where he died, and buried
at Woodside cemetery.

Sixth month, 5th. A meeting held at the. Lyceum
of the Sandy Spring Woman's Suffrage Association,
was presided over and addressed very appropriately
by a mother and son, a father and daughter. Caro-
line H. and Guion Miller, James P. and Jessie B.
Stabler, all taking active part in the exercises, which
divided the privileges impartially between the sexes.

Sixth month, 8th. At her home, Brooke Meadow,
died Mary E., wife of Walter Thomas, and eldest
daughter of Sallie and the late Samuel Ellicott.

Young and blooming, but recently married, full of
life and energy, and social graces, it seemed as if a
long and happy existence must be her portion, and
her untimely death came as a shock to the community.

There was no trace of the insidious disease that had
sapped her life as she lay a beautiful statue in her
coffin, robed in her wedding garments.

Sixth month, .9th and 10th, quarterly meeting oc-
curred, much smaller than last year's, and compara-
tively few visitors from other sections, but the address-
es and business were of considerable interest.

Sixth month, 13th, occurred the death of an old gen-
tleman, William Miles, at Ashton, where he had lived
for some years with an only daughter. His remains
were taken to Pennsylvania, his former residence, to be
buried.

164 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

About this time, also occurred the death of Mrs.
Catherine Bowie, near Olney. A lady of the older
school of gentlewomen, she had been intimate with a
past generation in Sandy Spring.

Sixth month, 17th. A delightful company assem-
bled at an early hour at Belmont, to christen the new
barn, which was appropriately hung with lighted lan-
terns and decorated with half-bushel measures of
white daisies, and other choice Hewers of the field. A
small piano was carried by strong farmer boys to the
second square of the barn and discoursed sweet and
inspiring strains to the merry dancers below, who dis-
covered that the smooth, even floor above the gran-
aries, was just right to "trip the light, fantastic toe" on.
Some very fine choruses were rendered, and at the
seasonable hour of 10, the large party dispersed, ex-
claiming one and all, that a barn was the best place in
the world in which to have a frolic.

The quotation for this date, Sixth month, 17th, on
the Dickens calendar, compiled a year previously by
the hostess, was so singularly appropriate it shall be
repeated here.

"You young people don't know what it is to be low
in your feelings, you always have your appetites too,
and what a comfort that is."

Sixth month, 19th. At the home of the bride, near
Jordan Springs, Frederick county, Ya., Charles M.
Pidgeon, of Sandy Spring, and Katie Duvall, of the
former place, were married. The young couple came
to reside at the old Chandlee homestead.

In this month a small store was opened in the toll-
house at Ednor, and a lamp-post planted at Ashton,

ANNALS OF SAXDY SPKING. 165

which gave rise to the suggestion that the new street
should be called "Thomas Allie."

In June and July, drenching rains continued, and
forty-three inches of water had fallen in three months,
while the yearly average is about forty-eight inches.

The farmer who is generally a martyr to wet
weather when he wants dry, and is suffocating with
dust, when a little rain would be most acceptable, was
more downhearted than usual as these storms con-
tinued, preventing him from securing what little had
not already floated way.

The wheat crop up to the time of the May floods,
promised a bountiful harvest, but whether the rain
washed off the bloom, or hatched out the fly, or de-
veloped the worm, or rusted the stalks, the yield was
disappointing all the same, whatever the cause, and
all the housekeepers can testify to the poor quality
of runny flour, manufactured from this wheat, which
made marriage almost a failure, and the bread to run
out of the pans, no matter what was done to prevent
it.

The hay crop was abundant, but a great deal of it
was ruined and left in the fields.

Oats were below the standard and on some farms
amost an entire loss.

Later on the yield of potatoes was immense and they
were as lovely to look upon as it was in the nature of
potatoes to be, but many of them, so false and hollow
within, that one farmer, at least, returned hundreds of
bushels from his cellars to his fields again, and a
wagoner excused his late returns from market by de-
claring he had to take his potatoes each week to new

166 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

customers, not daring to go back over his previous
route.

The immortal Dick Swiveller shut off a street in
London every time he bought a garment, but this son
of Africa seems to have closed up an avenue in Wash-
ington whenever he sold a sack of potatoes.

Fruit was scarce and inferior.

In the midst of this gloomy outlook, the corn crop
was large and of excellent quality, and it may have
been these very corn-stalks that saved our discouraged
and half-drowned farmers from striking out for Wash-
ington in a body and demanding office under the new
administration.

The appearance of the railroad engineers, early in
July, caused the usual flutter of excitement; new lines
were run, stakes driven, trees blazed, brushes cut
away, and when a little later, the president of the pro-
posed road was seen riding over the route some of us
whose chief diet is hope, almost heard the whistle and
had narrow escapes in imagination from the locomo-
tive, so much nearer did it seem than ever before,
and we were all amiably disposed to wish that the
"Gettysburg and Washington" would run, not be-
tween our house and barn, but just over the line on
our neighbor's farm.

Seventh month, 3rd. At Emmanuel Church,
more, by Episcopal ceremony. Dr. Samuel J. Scott,
>andy Spring, and Miss Alary E. Webb, were mar-
ried.

The family of Edward X. Bentley moved from High-
land to Homewood to live, and he secured a situation
at the Grange Agency in Washington.

ANNAXS OF SANDY SPRING. 167

Seventh month, 20th. Sydney Snowden, son of Dr.
Augustus and Helen Snowden Stabler, was born.

Seventh month, 22nd. Gladys, daughter of Charles
F. and Corrie M. Brooke, was born.

Seventh month, 22nd. Roger Brooke Thomas,
aged eighty-seven, died at the home of Charles G.
Porter, where he had resided for a number of years.

He had been watched over and tended in his long
decline with a rare faithfulness and self-sacrifice on
the part of his host and hostess.

In this month, Dr. Frank Thomas and family started
for Europe, and Warwick P. Miller, Henry C. Hallo-
well and James P. Stabler went to Bremen and re-
turned in five weeks, principally for the benefit of the
ocean voyage. Arthur and Anna Stabler returned
from an extended tour, embracing such widely sepa-
rated points as New Orleans, California and British
Columbia.

Seventh month, 24th. Rebecca M. Thomas, aged
seventy-two years, widow of the late William John
Thomas, passed suddenly away at Mountain Lake
Park, where she had gone with members of her fam-
ily to attend a temperance convention.

Few indeed have left behind such a record of useful-
ness, industry and benevolence as our dear departed
friend.

In early life, she liberated her slaves, and joined the
Society of Friends, becoming an active worker in all
the business of the meeting, and an acceptable minis-
ter, though oftentimes speaking with much diffidence
and personal trial.

Her practical charity was not only manifested in

168 ANNALS OF SANDY SPBING.

dispensing largely of her means, but the poor and
wretched around her were often the recipients of the
work of her hands. She assisted a number of poor
women to buy sewing machines, and her generous im-
>es took the effective form of doing the duty near-
est to her. She often visited the jails and almshouse,
performing offices oi mercy to the most degraded.

The temperance cause was very dear to her heart,
and in that, and other philanthropic work, she con-
stantly labored by precept and example.

In all the relations of life she seemed endowed with
the faculty of bestowing and receiving devotion.

Her ready sympathy and loving counsel endeared
her especially to the young, and she was never a re-
straint upon innocent society, but entered into all ra-
tional recreations heartily, believing in development
rather than repression. She had endured much
physical suffering, and the sorrow of losing many near
and dear, but her Christian graces were such she bore
her burdens with cheerful resignation, and the peace-
ful expression on her calm, placid face was ever a
help to her friends and an attraction to strangers.

The Sabbath before she passed away, looking out
over the mountains, she remarked. "\\ "hat a beautiful
place this would be to go to Heaven from !" and on
morning s to have journeyed home, out of

an apparently quiet and .dreamless sleep, she awoke in
the "Home of the Soul." On the afternoon of the
twenty-fifth many relatives and friends, from far and
near, assembled at the house of Samuel P. Thomas to
offer tributes of love and esteem, and to follow her re-
mains to their last resting-place at the meeting-house.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 169

Eighth month, ist. William Davis, son of Charles
R. and Ella L. Hartshorne, was born.

Eighth month, 12th, might be fitly termed a "field-
day." First, there was a game of baseball played at
Clarksville, between a picked nine from Sandy Spring,
and the same number from Howard County, resulting
in a signal defeat to the latter. In the afternoon the
tennis tournament, commenced on the previous day,
was continued to the bitter end. Olney Grange held
its regular meeting at five o'clock, and there was a
large company in the evening. If all the pitchers and
catchers, servers and receivers, worthy brothers and
sisters, dancing youths and maidens, were not
exhausted that night, they certainly demonstrated the
capacity of our inhabitants for unlimited endurance in
the matter of. amusement.

"Excitement and tranquility" are doubtless the main
constituents of a satisfied life, and Sandy Springs will
be a favored neighborhood if our people can have
the first without excess, and enjoy the second without
stagnation.

An interest in outdoor sports seems to be growing
steadily in our midst. A great many years ago, when
your historian was young, the farmer boy seemed
to find sufficient exercise in the wheat and potato
field ; but, now, it is on the football or lawn-tennis
grounds that he displays his acme of strength and
industry.

There is much to be said in favor of physical culture ;
for no one can have complete control of nerve and
muscle unless he is temperate in eating and drink-

170 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ing, and of regular and abstemious habits. The trained
athlete dares not indulge in any excess.

In view of broken bones, contused heads and twist-
ed limbs, there is much improvement to be desired
in the rough manner of playing some of the games.
We may also note the fact that while "all work and
no play makes Jack a dull boy," too much play and
too little work will undoubtedly develop Jack's mus-
cles, but it will never extend his pocketbook.

In the dark, middle ages of history, the body was
despised and crucified. We are getting now still fur-
ther back to the Greek civilization when it was cul-
tivated and deified. Memory does not have to travel
very far to the days when people grew up just as the
chairs they sat on, or the desks they leaned over, or
the clothes often misfitted on them made them grow,
and they walked every and any way that seemed
most convenient for locomotion. But now the girl is
told she must draw her chin in towards her neck,
throw her shoulders back, hold her elbows in easy line
with her waist, to secure an erect and graceful carri-
age. She must not drag her feet in meandering
lines either, but must have a firm and even tread as
if she meant something by walking. The boy must
not hug his hands out of sight, nor let his head ar-
rive at home before he does, nor fidget about as if his
muscles governed him instead of the reverse.

It is getting more difficult every year to live up to
standards of excellence. A great many of us will die
of old age before we have time to learn half that pro-
fessors of physical culture and professors of mental
culture and every other sort of culture are willing and

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEIXG. 171

anxious to teach us. It used to be thought sufficient
to be morally good ; but my dear young people, now,
just as far as you possibly can, you must be healthy
and physically good also, or you will be quite left be-
hind in the requirements of our modern life.

In the Eighth month, a postoff.ce was established
at Oakdale and Samuel Bond made postmaster. Later
on another post-office was established at Holland's
Corner, named ''Norwood," and James M. Holland
appointed postmaster.

"In August came our usual influx of visitors and
strangers. This cheerful element like the lilies of the
field, "toil not, neither do they spin ;" but some of
them at least, departing, leave behind them substan-
tial mementoes in the shape of sundry greenbacks, as
lawful tender for the rather unusual privilege board-
ers enjoy in this community.

While we are advised to extend hospitality to all
comers, of high and low degree, that we may per-
chance entertain an angel unawares, two old writers
have expressed themselves so well on this subject, I
will quote their admonitions for what they are worth :

"We must have charity towards all, but familiarity
with all is not expedient ;" and the second is still more
pithy — "Lay not violent hands on strangers."

Ernest Iddings about this time purchased the Cong-
don farm near Riverside and returned to this neigh-
borhood to live.

Albert Stabler decided to devote his whole atten-
tion to the business of life insurance in Washington
and Tarleton, and Mortimer Stabler took charge of
his farm at Lay Hill.

172 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Ninth month, 14th. Henry H. Miller was married
at Siasconset, Mass., to Helen Gray of Washington.
The young couple took up their abode at Stanmore.
which was slightly remodeled to accommodate two
families.

It does not often fall to the lot of one man, as in
this case, to be married and nominated for the legis-
lature on the same day.

Ninth month, 19th. The Montgomery County
Women's Christian Temperance Union held a pleas-
ant and profitable convention at the Lyceum. Pattie
T. Farquhar reported good work done among the
children of various "Bands of Hope," and Mary E.
Moore's account of the colored mission school at
Sharp Street was most suggestive. Mary Magruder,
State Organizer, made a forcible plea in behalf of the
cause she is so interested in.

The afternoon session closed with the reading of a
memorial to Rebecca M. Thomas, a valued member
of the organization, and the election of the following
officers :

President, Sarah T. Miller.
Vice-president, Mary E. Moore.
Corresponding secretary, Annie F. Gilpin.
Recording secretary, Rebecca T. Miller.
Treasurer, Sarah E. Stabler.

In the evening a full house listened to an address
from the Rev. Anna Shaw, of Chicago, who had been
present at the convention.

Of the many fine speeches made in the Lyceum,
few could compare with hers in logic, humor and
force of expression. Miss Shaw has been an ordained

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 173

minister for eight years in the Methodist Protestant
Church.

Rockland, Sherwood and the various public schools
had now resumed their labors with a good attendance,
and more scholars had gone from the neighborhood
to Swarthmore, than ever before.

A gratifying improvement is to be noted in the pub-
lic school at Sandy Spring under the care of Sarah
Scofield.

The public school at Alloway, conducted by Alice
T. and Lillie B. Stabler, is now called Oakley school.

Later in the year, Jessie B. Stabler took charge of
the public school at Olney.

It should be a subject of congratulation that so
large a number of our young women are self-sup-
porting; many as teachers, some in the care of little
children or plying the needle, some as companions for
the infirm, others assisting in household work, and sev-
eral as typewriters. The girls obtain situations now-
days with as much, or greater, facility than the boys,
and who knows but that each of these independent
damsels may in time be able to support a husband,
and support him well, too !

Tenth month, 29th. Many persons attended Bal-
timore yearly meeting which was held for the first
time in the fine, new meeting-house on Park Avenue.
At Bloomfield on 3rd day, 29th, of the Tenth month,
Richard T. Bentley died in his seventy-first year. On
the following, 5th day, a large concourse of relations,
neighbors and friends gathered to pay their last tri-
bute of respect and followed his remains to the burial-

174 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ground at Sandy Spring meeting-house, where he
was interred.

For over five years he had been the victim of a
malady that neither the assiduous care of a devoted
wife, nor the no-less-willing services of his anxious
children, could arrest or alleviate.

His death, therefore, was not unexpected, al-
though within two weeks of that event he seemed
to defy the agony he suffered and went regularly to
his business.

He was born at Bloomfield in 1819, an event his
father celebrated by planting the locust trees that
have since grown so large in front of the old home-
stead.

He spent his early life at his birthplace, and re-
ceived all his education at schools in this vicinity.
When quite a lad he secured a clerkship in Washing-
. where he remained two years, but business life in
the city was distasteful to him and its pleasures of-
fered little to his fancy. He preferred the freedom of
the country and the more rational enjoyments it af-
forded. He, therefore, returned to his old home and
made farming his pursuit. He entered upon his chos-
en field of labor with energy and followed it to suc-
cess.

He found "Bloomfield" poor and sterile, he left it
rich and productive.

He was instrumental in forming the Farmers' Club
of Sandy Spring, and its first organized meeting was
held at his house. During the long period of nearly
fifty years, which it has been in existence, he was an
active, useful and valued member.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 175

In connection with the late Alban Gilpin, he con-
ducted a general mercantile business, for many years,
in the store his father assisted to establish in 1817 at
Sandy Spring. In this business he continued until
the fall of 1885, when he withdrew from the firm. His
uniform courtesy, honorable dealing and exact meth-
ods brought the natural reward of prosperity and he
retired with the good-will and best wishes of his num-
erous customers and friends

About this time he relinquished the care of his farm
to his eldest son, giving him sole direction of it.

In the public institutions which center in Sandy
Spring, he took a deep interest and an active part in
their management. He was among the very first to es-
tablish the Library, and a liberal patron of the Ly-
ceum.

He was a director of the insurance company from
its beginning in 1848, and on the death of Edward
Stabler, its 'first president, in 1884, he was elected to
fill that office, and he continued to discharge its re-
sponsible duties with fidelity and honor to the time
of his death.

He was appointed postmaster at Sandy Spring
about the same time, and this office he likewise held
until death released him from all earthly cares.

In the success of the Sandy Spring Savings Institu-
tion he was also much interested and was a direc-
tor from its inception, and a cautious, conservative
and faithful manager of its affairs.

In the Society of Friends, in which he held a birth-
right membership, he took a deep and abiding interest.
He loved it for the principles it held and was

176 AlN-NALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

thoroughly conversant with its history and traditions.
In the latter years of his life he took an active part in
its proceedings and in his own and the yearly meet-
ings his counsel and aid were often in request. He
was a prominent member of the Indian Committee of
Baltimore yearly meeting for twenty years and he
gave to the unfortunate race under its supervision
much thought, attention and time.

Although he was not a politician in the generally
accepted sense of the term, he was a close observer of
national, state and neighborhood affairs.

He held decided opinions on public policy, and his
voice was heard, his influence exerted, and his vote
cast on the side of good government and what he
considered was for the advancement of the moral and
national interests of his fellow-citizens. But there was
another side to his character, that those who new him
personally never ceased to admire.

In his friendship he was steadfast and true, in his
intercourse with all, the courteous gentleman. His
social characteristics, his ready wit and genial dispo-
sition made him a delightful companion and a wel-
come guest in every household.

His hospitality was acknowledged far and wide and
his home was a center where relatives and friends
loved to gather. Courtesy without effusion, dignity
without stiffness, vivacity without levity, marked his
intercourse with those he entertained. Impulsive by
nature his emotions were controlled, and his conduct
regulated by a high moral code which gave him the
manly courage to acknowledge a fault, and the grace
of heart to redress a wrong. To a tale of trouble his

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING, 17 1

benevolence made substantial response, and he "gave
to misery more than a tear."

To his children he has left an honest name of which
they may well be proud, to the rising generation an
example of manhood worthy of imitation, and to his
contemporaries a blank that will remain unfilled.

M. K.

In the Tenth month, Benjamin H. Miller was ap-
pointed Indian inspector and started on extensive
travels in the far northwest, as portrayed in some in-
teresting letters which appeared from time to time
in the country press.

Robert H. Miller was appointed by Governor Jack-
son to represent the State of Maryland at the Farm-
ers' Convention, held in Alabama in November.

The Farmers' Hotel and Stable at 1210 Ohio Ave-
nue, Washington, was now in good running order.
Dr. Frank Thomas of our neighorhood after eighteen
years of market-going realized the necessity of com-
fortable and cheap quarters for respectable farmers
who go to Washington with their produce. He
therefore purchased a large property on Ohio Ave-
nue and erected thereon a convenient hotel and stable
capable of accommodating many persons, horses and
wagons. It is what the farmers have long needed
and should have a hearty support.

Eleventh month, 7th. At a special meeting of the
board of directors of the insurance company, Joseph
T. Moore was elected president to succeed the late
Richard T. Bentley. Thomas L. Moore resigned, amid
many expressions of regret, his office of assistant sec-
retary and Allan Farquhair was chosen in his place.

178 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Captain John MacDonald of Potomac, was made di-
rector.

The Rev. J. S. Kieffer of Hagerstown, gave one of
his interesting and instructive lectures at the Lyceum
for the benefit of the temperance cause. His subject
was "Memory."

About the middle of November the pleasant and
hospitable home at Highland was broken up by the
removal of William Lea, jr., and family to Wilming-
ton, Delaware.

For twenty-five years William Lea, jr., had lived
among us, identifying himself thoroughly with the
interests of the people. An excellent farmer, good
business man and kind-hearted neighbor, he will be
greatly missed.

Newton Stabler took charge of the Highland farm.

Twelth month 1st. Thomas L. Moore and wife
went to Richmond, Virginia, to live.

Assistant secretary of the insurance company,
president of the Lyceum, director in the bank, promi-
nent in social, as well as in business life, in the depart-
ure of a young man so universally esteemed, our
neighborhood sustained a great loss.

Twelfth month, 3rd. R. Rowland Moore had a
narrow escape from death on the farm of Samuel Hop-
kins at White Hail. While working in a well it caved
in on him and he was buried alive, and only extricated
after two hours hard labor. An arch was formed
by the falling stones which preserved him from seri-
ous injury, although he suffered severe bruises.

In this month, George B. Miller was made presi-
dent of the Lyceum, and appointed postmaster at San-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 179

dy Spring to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death
of the late Richard T. Bentley.

Samuel Bond and John Thomas were elected di-
rectors of the savings institution.

Twelth month, 24th. Richard Thomas, son of Ed-
ward N. and Hallie J. Bentley, was born.

Christmas day was balmy and beautiful, football
and lawn tennis were played in a temperature just
right for outdoor sports.

During the succeeding weeks we had the perfection
of weather, more like October than January, and the
numerous girls and boys enjoying their holidays from
school and college had hardly a cloud to mar the bril-
liant sunshine, or a storm to curtail the festivities of the
season. On one afternoon in this week the Alloway
family entertained the fifty-four scholars from the pub-
lic school near them, Warwick Miller gave the boys
a spread at the schoolhouse, and the girls were in-
vited to Alloway to tea, where they were regaled with
pictures and music, and on leaving each child was pre-
sented with a hothouse plant to carry home, contrib-
uted by Mrs. Joseph Shoemaker of Germantown.

Twelfth month, 28th. Margaret E., daughter of
Caroline H, and the late Frances Miller, was married
at Stanmore by Friends' ceremony to Samuel M. Jan-
ney. Many relatives and friends from other states at-
tended this pleasant wedding. The bride and groom
went immediately to their home in New York City.

About this time a most mysterious disease which
had started in Russia, and traversed the European
countries with wonderful rapidity, respecting neither

180 AXXALS OF SANDY SPBING.

prince nor peasant, landed in New York and lost but
little time in reaching Sandy Spring.

For many weeks nearly all our inhabitants were
obliged to entertain, with greater or less severity, this
unwelcome foreigner that could boast of as many
names as a royal personage, or stalked abroad in
aliases like a thief.

vSometimes whole families were prostrated ; again
a single sufferer would be attacked and not half a
dozen households escaped entirely.

The Russian influenza, or la grippe, or "Tyler
fever," or plain "grip," or whatever this painful mal-
ady should be called, was distinguished by symptoms
of all other diseases besides a few unmistakable ones
cf its own, and as no two persons seemed to enjoy the
affliction in just the same way, it created as much talk
and speculation as the coming of the railroad or the
name of the national flower.

Everyone agreed, however, that this latest style of
bacteria, direct from Paris, developed in the human
frame the worst backache, the most splitting headache,
greater weakness, and more dizziness, and general
miser}-, than any new and untried disease ever im-
ported into Sandy Spring before. Regarded at first
as rather a joke than otherwise, it cost many persons
a long and dangerous illness and in the cities was ex-
tremely fatal.

First month, 9th, 1890. Uriah B. Kirk, formerly of
Woodburn, Sandy Spring, died very suddenly at his
residence in Philadelphia. His remains were brought
here and interred at Woodside cemetery.

The many relatives and friends of this pleasant, gen-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. iai

ial gentleman will greatly miss his visits each sum-
mer to our neighborhood.

First month, 12th. The mercury was 70 ° in the
shade, the same temperature as the fourth of July,
1889. Violets, dandelions and rose-buds were picked
on that day, willows put forth their leaves, maples
budded. We began to be frightened and to feel that
the weather was out of joint, and to wonder if it was
last summer or next we were enjoying.

First month, 16th, 1890. Two more wires were
placed on the telegraph line ; this we were informed
was rendered necessary by an increase of business
with the south.

The farmers held their annual convention at the
Lyceum on First month, 21st.

About one hundred practical farmers of Montgom-
ery county and adjacent parts of Prince George
were present and took great interest in the discus-
sions.

Henry C. Hallowell, who had been president of the
convention since its organization in 1873, presided,
with Frank Snowden as secretary.

President Hallowell urged the farmers to keep up
with the times and to look at questions that came be-
fore them from all sides.

"Almost every new method," he said, "in farming
creates opposition at first, and this is only done away
with when familiarity with the new method proves it
to be better than the old." He was particularly anx-
ious that farmers should not grumble about hard times.
"If anything can be done, do it ; if nothing can be

X82 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

done, don't fret; you know the old saying, "Heaven
has no room for the discouraged."

Prof. Henry E. Alvord, President of the Maryland
Agricultural College, made the report of a committee
on creameries.

Air. J. B. Alger, of Prince George, offered a resolu-
tion, which was unanimously adopted, endorsing the
proposition of the state convention of farmers and
their memorial to the legislature, asking the appoint-
ment of a state board of agriculture and appropriating
$4,000 annually for expenses in holding farmers' in-
stitutes in the counties.

There were general discussions on the best manner
of keeping ensilage, the proper way of preventing the
killing out of clover, the necessity of a dog law, and
the advisibility of having a county treasurer instead
of the present corps of tax collectors.

First month, 21st. William Somers. son of Mary
and the late Mortimer Osburn, died in his forty-second
year, at his residence in Baltimore. His remains were
brought to Sandy Spring and buried at the meeting-
house on the twenty-third.

A long and painful struggle with disease had been
the portion for many years of this devoted son and
brother, yet his patience and cheerfulness seldom
flagged, and his energy enabled him to attend to his
business almost to the last of an industrious life.

In Baltimore First month, 23rd, 1890, at the winter
residence of Edward L. Palmer of Sandy Spring, his
eldest daughter, Eleanor, was married by Friends'
ceremony to Carroll W. Williams of Philadelphia.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 183

Second month, 2nd. Eliza, daughter of John C.
and Cornelia H. Bentley, was born.

Allan Farquhar was appointed one of a commission
of five to build the new court-house at Rockville.

Mahlon Chandlee, our oldest inhabitant, died Sec-
ond month, 5th, in his one hundredth year, having
survived his mother, who passed away when he was
very young, just ninety-nine years.

He was born Twelfth month, 22nd, 1790, a short
distance from the place of his death, upon what was
part of a grant of 17,000 acres given to his ancestor,
James Brooke, by King Charles II. of England.

He was educated at Westtown boarding-school in
Pennsylvania, and was married to Catherine Frame of
this neighborhood, and settled on his farm of
400 acres, where he lived all his long, industrious life.
The old farmhouse and the mill he built command a
lovely view of rolling hill and valley, and he was es-
pecially fond of his fine timber lands and had a pas-
sion for planting groves of chestnut and oak trees.

He cast his first vote for Madison, was afterwards
a whig and republican in turn, and voted for both
Harrisons, who have been elected presidents.

For many years he was in the habit of visiting the
city to transact his business, but could not be in-
duced to stay over night, and last July made the jour-
ney to Baltimore, returning home the same evening.
He attracted attention wherever he went, being fully
six feet tall and to within a few years of his death very
erect ; he never forsook the quaint and peculiar garb
of the primitive Friend.

His sight remained strong enough to the very last

1-4 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

to enable him to read, and his hearing was only
slightly defective.

His untiring energy and enjoyment of work kept
him always busy on his farm, or in his garden, until
past ninety, and of late years he amused himself by
gratifying a natural mechanical taste in a small shop
near his house, where he labored persistently on per-
petual motion machines and other more probable and
practical contrivances.

Early in February, at a meeting of the Montgomery
County Agricultural Society, held in Rockville, Rob-
ert H. Miller was elected president and John C. Bent-
ley one of the vice-presidents.

George L. Stabler moved with his family from Lea-
wood Mills, (which was purchased by Mrs. Haviland)
into a house at Ashton. The new home is called the
"Gables."

Second month, 26th. A large and pleasant public
meeting was held at Olney Grange Hall.

Representatives from various Granges in Montgom-
ery and adjacent counties were present, and all ex-
tended a warm welcome to the national master, J. M.
Brigham, of Ohio. This gentleman, fully six and a
half feet tall, of fine and imposing presence, gave us an
excellent address.

He had no sympathy, he said, with the perpetual
cry of hard times, low prices and high taxes among
the farmers. They held their redress in the ballot ;
as long as they consented to be represented by law-
yers, they could not expect the farming interests to
have a hearing in the halls of Congress.

The most remarkable winter of which we have au-

ANNALS OF SAXDY SPBING. 185

thentic record was now verging toward spring. The
ground had hardly been frozen and only twice white
with snow, scarcely three inches having fallen.

The coldest days of the winter were December 5th,
twenty-three degrees above zero, January 22d, twenty
degrees February 7th, twenty-two degrees.

The three warmest days were December 26th, sev-
enty-three degrees above zero ; January 13th, seventy-
six degrees; February 26th, seventy-four degrees.
Plenty of rain had descended on the just and unjust,
fruit trees, shrubs and flowers had been blooming all
the time, the grass had never lost its color or fresh-
ness, and the wheat was unhealthily high. The weak-
ening effects of this unseasonable weather had been
ft It by everyone, and deprived of the tonic of frosty
days and nights, there had been more sickness than
for years.

In contradiction to the usual course in a mild win-
ter more persons had sought the city than ever before.
Eliza Brooke, of Falling Green, spent some months
near Philadelphia. Rebecca T. Miller went to Texas
for a long visit ; Arthur Stabler and wife, William
Riggs and family, Sallie Ellicott and family, Caroline
H. Miller, Kate Stabler, Elizabeth Tyson and others,
had closed their homes, and at one time there were
eleven houses abandoned in Sandy Spring for the
time being.

The first week of the Third month was character-
ized by regular March weather. Cold storms of rain
and snow came from the south ; the mercury fell to
ttn degrees above zero, and wre had our first real
shiver of the season. The fruit was killed again for

1SG ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

the third or fourth time. Some farmers gathered a few
loads of an inferior quality of ice, one new ice-house,
at least, having remained an aching void all winter.

Third month, 4th. At White Hall, the residence of
Samuel Hopkins, Herbert S. Adams, of Howard
county, favorably known as a veterinary surgeun in
this section, was married to Miss Annie Hamlin, of
England. The newly-married couple left for Chicago,
their future home.

Third month, 5th. Warwick P. Miller, wife and
two daughters (Janet and Isabelle), with Ellen Far-
quhar, started for an extensive European trip.

Third month, 8th. A tenant-house on the farm of
Joseph T. Moore, jr., was burned to the ground, and
a respectable old colored woman, Mary Budd, perish-
ed in the flames. The cause of this fire and loss of
life was undoubtedly the reckless use of kerosene.

Sheriff Carr, of Montgomery county, died very
suddenly on Third month, nth, and 'Squire Fairall,
of Sandy Spring, was appointed on the 12th by Gov-
ernor Jackson to fill the position.

Third month, 15th and 16th, gave us cold and blus-
tering winds, snow flurries and a wintry chill in the
air, quite out of keeping with the date.

Third month, 17th, Charles Chandlee, son of Charles
and Kate Pidgeon, was born.

Third month, 20th, an exhibition was given at the
Lyceum of a phonograph, to a large audience, which
was greatly entertained by this wonderful machine,
that sang so well, laughed so heartily, and talked with
such facility. The human race appeared quite old-
fashioned beside it.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 187

Third month, 26th, Arthur Stabler was appointed
cashier of the office of collector of customs, in Bal-
timore.

Third month, 2.6th, Margaret, daughter of Guioa
and Annie Tyler Miller, was born.

Third month, 28th, Granville Elgar, son of Gran-
ville and Pattie T. Farquhar, was born.

Robert H. Brooke secured a situation on the new
extension of the Norfolk and Western Railroad, and
left for Kentucky. Earnest Iddings went to Phila-
delphia to engage in business in the Bell Telephone
Company, leaving his wife and her brother in charge
of their new place, "Atholwood." A bank was estab-
lished at Laurel, to be known as the Citizens National
Bank, with a capital stock of $50,000, and Alban G.
Thomas was appointed one of the directors.

Fourth month, 1st, we had a driving snow, not
enough, however, to cover the wheat, which peeped
through its white mantle in emerald freshness.

But one new society, called 'The Anonymous
Club," has been started in the past year. This is dis-
tinctly literary in its character, meets every two
weeks, and includes whole families in its membership.

R. Rowland Moore purchased a tract of woodland
on ''Bradford's Rest," and Hallie J. Lea bought a
small house and lot adjoining Eldon. A new barn at
Fair Hill, and a tenant-house on Rockland farm must
be noted. But our people seemed to have turned all
their attention to building ice-houses. New ones are
now waiting to be filled at Rock Spring, Bloomfield,.
Norwood and Falling Green.

Thoreau says, "There is no philosophy equal to the

188 AXXALS OF SANDY SPIRING.

observation of the things before you," and in the gath-
ering together and contemplation of all the events,
great and small, your historian has ample opportunity
to note, and to comment on, the various changes
which occur from year to year.

Many have left us in the past twelve months to
seek a living elsewhere, and the reaper, Death, has,
indeed, been busy in our midst, calling away nearly
all the older members of our community ; the grand-
fathers and grandmothers, the interesting, and in
many cases, beautiful old faces that adorned the high
seats in the meeting-house, the stay and the centre
of many homes and families. As these true and tried
ones pass beyond their earthly joys and sorrows
our individual efforts should increase to fill worthily
their vacant places, to continue their good works, to
make the Sandy Spring of the future all their lives
made it in the past. To each and every one of us
there is nothing so important as the present moment ;
if we do not speak the kind word right now, if we do
not crush out the unneighborly thought before it
rankles and bears fruit, if we do not perform the right
action on the instant, it is all too late, and we have lost
forever the favored moment.

"Remember, three things come not back —
The arrow sent upon its track —
It will not swerve, it will not stay,
It speeds to wound or slay.

"The spoken word, so soon forgot
By thee, but it has perished not;
In other hearts 'tis living still,
And doing work for good or ill.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING. 189

"And the lost opportunity

That cometh back no more to thee —

In vain thou weepest, in vain dost yearn,

Those three will never more return."

CHAPTER VIII.

From Fourth Month, 1S90, to Fourth Month, 1891.

Henry Stanley Newman, of England, lectured on India —
Visit from Mrs. James A. Garfield to Fair Hill — First
business meeting- of Friends in joint session, held in
the meeting-house at Sandy Spring — John D. Mac-
Pherson lectured — Obituaries of Ray Miller, John
Marsh Smith, Henry Stabler, Eliza Palmer Griffith,
Elizabeth Hopkins, Dorcas Pumphrey, Robert Sulli-
van, Orlando Hutton and Washington W. Owens.

At the annual meeting- of the Lyceum Company,
Fourth month, 7th, 1890, George B. Miller was elected
president for the ensuing year, Elizabeth T. Stabler
chosen secretary, and Samuel Wetherald continued as
treasurer. With lamentable negligence nothing was
said about a change of historian, though the present
incumbent is a firm believer in rotation of office and is
loathe to retain, year after year, all the honors, re-
sponsibilities, and emoluments of a position she
feels convinced many in this audience are willing and
anxious to assume. She wishes it distinctly under-
stood that a very small minority will be as potent as
the largest majority in separating her from a task that
should now descend to younger hands, and fresher,
brighter heads.

190 AiXNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Fourth month, 7th. Catherine Stabler sold at auc--
tion her household goods, and broke up her pleasant
little home at Ashton, preparatory to a long sojourn
with her sister Margaret S. Hallowell.

Fourth month, 9th, was "Arbor day," and no nec-
essity for watering pots, as the skies furnished suffi-
cient showers, as if that was all it needed, to make any
tree grow.

There were ceremonies at the public school under
the care of Sarah Scofield, and several trees planted,
but no general observance on account of the weather,

William Milstead, who had so long and pleasantly
served the people at Sandy Spring store, left for a
good position with Percy M. Reese, of Baltimore, and
Mr. Hyatt of Olney took his place.

Fourth month, 10th. A most interesting lecture
was delivered at the Lyceum on India by Henry Stan-
ley Newman of England. The next evening this same
pleasant, fluent speaker gave another address at the
Orthodox meeting-house, describing his travels in
Palestine.

Fourth month, 13th and 14th. The mercury climb-
ed towards 90° and orchards burst into bloom. This
untimely heat was followed, in a few days, by a heavy
frost that killed nearly all the fruit in this section, and
made the housekeepers tremble at the prospect of an
appleless and peachless summer ; fortunately the ber-
ries escaped with their lives, and later on there was an
immense crop of blackberries that did excellent ser-
vice.

Fourth month 14th. A very enjoyable entertain-
ment was given at Brighton Grange Hall ; music by

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 191

the Sandy Spring quartet and two little plays cred-
itably acted by some of the young folks. The proceeds
to buy a piano for Brighton Grange.

Every one knows what happens in the springtide to
the robin's breast, the wanton lapwing, the burnished
dove, and the young man's fancy. Happily, many
other objects undergo transforming processes, so
there is ever a lovely and bewildering variety in na-
ture. The elixir of life and growth once more en-
chants us, and those who do not rejoice in their coun-
try homes, amid this miracle of returning leaf and
blossom, must be dead to all the subtle influences
around them.

Fourth month, 20th and 21st. Our Orthodox
Friends held their quarterly meeting. Rufus King
from North Carolina, James Carey Thomas, Mary
Snowden Thomas and many others were present.

On the evening of Fourth month, 24th, at the Ly-
ceum, a quartet of male voices from Washington
discoursed sweet music. W. G. Chichester, jr., gave
us his harmonican solo, and some of the young people
of the neighborhood, assisted by Miss Elise Hutton,
acted a little play extremely well.

Fourth month, 27th. Mrs. James A. Garfield made
a brief visit to Fair Hill, accompanied by her son-in-
law and daughter, now Mrs. Stanley Brown. Ever
since the summer of 1881, Mrs. Garfield has been an
object of affectionate interest to the American people
who watched with her by the bedside of her dying
husband.

Fifth month, 1st. A stage line from Forest Glen to
Olney, Sandy Spring and Ashton, was established by

192 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Leonard Stabler, and at once proved a great conven-
ience tiirough the hot months up to October, when it
was discontinued.

Fifth month, 3rd. John Thomas purchased at pub-
lic auction some 200 acres of land from -the Donahoo
estate. This property originally belonged to the heirs
of Richard Thomas of Cherry Grove, who sold it some
thirty-five years ago for thirty dollars per acre. The
price now paid was nine dollars and fifty cents, a very
discouaging commentary on the depreciation of the
value of land since our fathers were young.

Fifth month, 9th and 10th. A large party of vari-
ous ages, and both sexe£. went by private conveyance
to Cabin John Bridge and the falls of the Potomac,
and greatly enjoyed the wonderful arch of stone and
the charming scenery so near us, and yet remaining to
many as unknown and unvisited as the interior of
Africa.

About this time R. Rowland Moore purchased a
large tract of woodland beyond Xorbeck and began
cutting railroad ties from it. Joseph T. Moore, jr.,
started a small saw and grist mill on his farm.

The introduction of portable engines has made
many innovations in old time methods, and the mod-
ern farmer, instead of taking his corn to mill with his
bag balanced by a stone in one end, not infrequently
now has the mill come to 'his grist. Wood is sawed, en-
silage cut, feed ground, and the purring little steam
sen-ant dees the work of many men in a single clay.

Fourth month, 22nd. Our genial friend, Charles
H. Brooke of Falling Green, who always does every-
thing at the right time of the moon, was enabled to

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 193

realize his pet scheme and long-contemplated desire,
to lead a large company of neighbors to Damascus
(not the ancient one), where the day was spent, and
that most unusual pleasure, a successful picnic, en-
joyed.

It is needless to say that the 22nd was not "Friday,"
and that more than thirteen persons participated in
this well-managed excursion.

In this month, a letter dropped in the office in
Rome, Italy, with no other address than the name
of the person, and two words, "Sandy Spring," under
it, was received at the latter place. This incident either
goes to show the perfection of the international postal
system, or emphasizes the fact that Sandy Spring
must be almost as well-known as "The Eternal City."

Brookeville about this time was incorporated as a
town — the founder, Richard Thomas, says one of his
descendants was probably the first man in Montgom-
ery County in favor of woman's rights, as he named
the place for his wife, who was a Brooke, or she may
have thought that men had no rights and named it for
herself.

Sarah A. Chandlee, who had been a resident of our
neighborhood for more than seventeen years, returned
to her old home, Hopewell, Va., and requested Sandy
Spring meeting to forward her certificate of member-
ship to Hopewell meeting.

Dr. Roger Brooke completed a convenient addi-
tion to his house, with a very nice office for his own
use.

Alban G. Thomas built yet again to his house, in
the shape of a large and delightful dining-room below

194 ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING.

and pleasant chambers above, and has, we under-
stand, promised it and himself a long rest from the
sound of the hammer and saw.

Fifth month, nth. Charles H. and Annie F.
Brooke passed the twenty-fifth anniversary of their
wedding-day without celebration.

Fifth month, 20th. A very severe thunder-storm oc-
curred early in the morning, to be followed by many
others in the next two months.

The cottage, called Wayside, belonging to Dr.
Augustus Stabler, was rented by a family named Colt,
from Washington, who afterwards purchased, improv-
ed and renamed it Wrenwood.

Sixth month, 4th. The first business meeting in
joint session was held in Sandy Spring meeting-
house to take into consideration proposed changes
in the discipline. Flistory repeated itself, as just one
hundred years ago the same thing occurred here.

Sixth month, 7th. Henry Stabler of Roslyn, died
at the home upon which his busy hands had labored
so long and so faithfully.

Born in Alexandria, \ 'irginia, in 1818, he was the
last of a family of fifteen children. Coming to Sandy
Spring in early manhood, he married Mary, daughter
of Elizabeth Lea of Walnut Hill, and the young couple
went to reside at Roslyn where they spent the re-
mainder of their lives.

For some years he engaged in merchandise, and
later carried on an extensive canning business and the
raising of fine seed-corn that acquired a deserved rep-
utation.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 195

A clear-headed and well-informed man, he was
loted for his liberality of thought and action.

While venerating the old he did not discourage the
new, and was ever the friend of progressive word and
deed. He had the pen of a ready writer, and his ar-
ticles on religious topics, written for the "circle," were
admirable.

He was interred at Woodside, Sixth month, 9th,
near the wife of his youth, to whom, during an excep-
tionally long invalidism, he had been a most faithful
and self-sacrificing nurse and companion.

Sixth month, 10th, Ray, daughter of Guion and An-
nie Tyler Miller, died, after a brief illness, in Wash-
ington, and was buried at Sandy Spring on the after-
noon of the 1 rth. This attractive infant, in her short
span of life, had endeared herself to all who knew her
in a singularly tender manner; and now,

Death, in a broidered slip aaid cap
Has left her to lie in her mother's lap
In a 'babyhood immortal."

On the 9th, 10th and nth, the mercury crept up
until it touched one hundred, followed on the after-
noon of the 12th by a severe hail-storm that greatly in-
jured the wheat and corn on several farms in its track.
Hailstones, four inches in circumference, were picked
up, and some persons filled their refrigerators for the
first and only time that season. So great wras the fall
of temperature in a few hours fires had to be lighted
for comfort, and we wondered whether we were locat-
ed nearest the equator or north pole.

As the June days grew longer and hotter, and the

196 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

small supply of snow and ice secured melted away in
the ardent heat, the question of keeping butter, cream
and meats became an interesting problem, and vari-
ous methods were adopted to dispense with the lux-
ury which Ave all felt had become a necessity. Some
reopened and cleaned old wells, and kept perishable
articles hanging in them. Others constructed conve-
nient dumb-waiters that traveled up and down the
cool depths of wells. Many hauled ice each week
from Washington at considerable expense, and all
felt that another year without any perceptible winter
would necessitate the erection of ice-machines and
the manufacturing of the artificial, if we could not
store away the real.

In the Sixth month the family of Edward N. Bent-
ley moved to Washington to reside. Edward Ma-
gruder took the Johns Hopkins' examinations, having
been prepared at Sherwood.

The Horticultural Meeting at Fair Hill was re-
markable, inasmuch as so many who attended had
been pupils within its venerable walls. Henry C. Hal-
lowell, the president, made a beautiful address upon
the interesting memories which cluster around this
rooftree, under whose branches his parents first met
as coeducators.

Everyone was now in the midst of wheat gathering
— interrupted by frequent thunder-storms. Rutledge
and other places were struck by lightning.

An unusual number of accidents happened during
this busy season, and maimed hands were the order
of the day. Our young farmers seemed to work their

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 197

machines an the principle that a finger lost was five
minutes gain in the harvest field.

The inevitable hightide of boarders and visitors had
set hitherward, and as one tiller of the soil feelingly
remarked, "The very day the mowers and binders en-
tered the fields, the parties and athletic sports began/'

The Seventh month, which the poet calls "sweet
summer time, when the leaves are green and long,"
came on, and frequent mention of the "dog-days"
proved that there is nothing to which human nature
clings so closely as some phrase or expression which
has long outlived its right to exist. The old Roman
superstition of a connection between the heat of July
and the rising and setting of the dog-star, Sirius, has
been declared a fallacy.

Seventh month, 20th, Dorothy, daughter of Samuel
and Florence Wetherald was born.

Seventh month, 24th, George B. Miller and Zaidie
Tennant were married at the home of the bride's par-
ents, in St. Louis, by Episcopal ceremony, and came
to live at Oakleigh. This lady is one of many who
have come from the city to reside among us.

Seventh month, 29th. Our community was shock-
ed to learn that our genial friend and neighbor, John
Marsh Smith, had been stricken with paralysis, and
after a few hours illness he expired in the seventy-
third year of his age. Born in Baltimore City of
friendly parentage, he was educated in Alexandria by
Benjamin Hallowell. He married Elizabeth Brooke,
daughter of the late Nathan and Martha Tyson, who,
with four children, survives him. He was seized with
the gold fever in 1849, and went to California, and

198 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

none who heard him recount his varied experiences
and adventures of that stirring time can ever forget
them. While his cordial manners and ready wit in-
variably attracted strangers and the young, those who
enjoyed the privilege of an intimate acquaintance
with him knew how true a gentleman, how sincere a
friend, he was under all circumstances. Honorable,
correct and generous, his carefulness and rectitude in
money dealings was proverbial, and he was especially
noted for his liberality to those he employed, and to
the poor. Coming many years ago to make Sandy
Spring his residence, he identified himself with the
place and people, and his loss was unusually mourned.

"Friend to truth, of soul sincere,

In action faithful and in honor clear,

Who broke no promise, served no private end,

Who gained no title, and who lost no friend."

His remains were taken to Baltimore, Eighth
month, ist, and buried at Greenmount.

If the wheat harvest had been a sad disappointment
our constitutional grumblers were somewhat cheered
by the immense yield of hay. It lay in great wind-
rows, like the waves of the sea, in the fields, and
groups of stacks attested the phenomenal amount se-
cured. Our farmers were enabled to maintain their
poverty-stricken condition later on, as the corn crop
was poor in quantity and quality. In all the multitu-
dinous work on the farm, from the first turning of the
furrow through the planting, cultivating, harvesting
and housing the crop, the slow-moving plow, the
fester-running drill, the busy hum of binder and
thresher, the great wagons winding homeward with

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 199

their loads, we can but reflect that the whole world is
dependent on the tiller of the soil. Perhaps it is his
tremendous responsibilities that induce him often to
look on the dark side, and fail to perceive the silver
lining to the cloud.

Tie for one year the farmer's hands, and bid him
rest from his labors ; let his fields lie fallow, his herds
and flocks disperse, and starvation and death would
claim millions of victims on every spot of earth where
the banana and the date-palm do not grow. As the
poet has said :

THE FAEMEK FEEDS THEM ALL.

"My lord rides through his palace gate,

My lady sweeps along in state,

The sage thinks long on many a thing,

Anu the maiden muses on marrying;

The minstrel harpeth merrily,

The sailor plows the foaming sea,

The huntsman kills the good red deer,

And the soldier wars, without a fear;

But fall to each, whate'er befall,

The farmer he must feed them all.

"Smith hammereth cheerily the sword,
Priest preacheth pure and holy word,
Dame Alice worketh 'broidery well,
Clerk Richard tales of love can tell,
The tapwife sells her foaming beer,
Don Fisher fisheth in the mere,
And courtiers ruffle, strut and shine.
While pages bring the Gascon wine;
But fall to each, whate'er befall,
The farmer, he must feed them all.

200 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

"Man builds his castles fair and high,

Whatever river runneth by.

Great cities rise in every land.

Great churches show the builder's hand.

Great arches, monuments and tov-

Fair palaces and pleasing- bowers,

it work is done be"T here a.nd There,
And well man worketh everywhere;
But work or rest, whate'er befall,
The farmer, he must feed them all.

We had in the Eighth month the most variable
temperature, and on the ioth and nth, after some
days of intense heat, the mercury suddenly fell thirty
degrees, and we were glad to close windows and
doors, and again hover over fires that had been re-
lighted at least once in every month.

It was now the height of the season, and our neigh-
borhood, never without the stranger within its gates,
was teeming with visitors and boarders. Indoor gai-
eties and outdoor sports — picnics, excursions and
match games of base and football, and lawn-tennis,
were the order of the day. The spare rooms were all
full ; no carriage had a vacant seat ; the old meeting-
house had almost a crowded look on the Sabbath ; hos-
pitality and good cheer ruled the hour. One rooftree
in our midst sheltered at this time the following
relatives :

Two old couples, one married fifty-five years, the
other fifty-three years ; three grandfathers, three
grandmothers, one great-grandfather, one great-
grandmother, three husbands, three wives, three
mothers, three fathers, three daughters, one step-
daughter, two -"n-. one stepson, two grandsons, one

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 201

great-grandson, one granddaughter, one brother and
one sister, one stepbrother, one stepsister, one step-
uncle, one stepfather, one stepmother, two fathers-in
law, two mothers-in-law, one son-in-law, one daugh-
ter-in-law, two sisters-in-law, two aunts, three cousins-

Many years hence, when the curious antiquarian
shall be searching these records of a country hamlet,
long since merged into the busy streets and avenues
of the national capital, he may, perchance, cite this
example of the overflowing households of the nine-
teenth century ; so I will leave him to puzzle out the
correct answer to the question, "Of how many mem-
bers did this remarkable family consist?"

Eighth month, 22nd, Katherine, daughter of Henry
H. and Helen Gray Miller, was born.

Eighth month, 25th, Thomas L. and Estelle T., twin
children of Joseph T., jr., and Estelle Tyson Moore,
were born.

For six months favored relatives and friends had
been entertained with delightful letters from foreign
lands written en route by the Alloway family and
Ellen Farquhar ; the latter part of August our traveled
neighbors returned safely to their homes.

Ellen Farquhar is the first person from our section
who has visited Norway and Sweden and witnessed
the wonderful spectacle of the midnight sun at North
Cape, within the Arctic Circle. She, therefore, has
exceptional scope for her descriptive powers.

Ninth month, 1st, Eliza Palmer Griffith, sister of
Benjamin D. Palmer, died very suddenly at her home
near Unity. This generous, warm-hearted woman
was tenderlv remembered bv many of her old friends

202 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

in Sanely Spring, and her sad funeral at St. John's
Church, Olney, Ninth month, 3rd, was largely at-
tended.

Rockville Fair was held on the third, fourth and
fifth. Fine, clear weather, and a larger attendance
than ever before enabled the society to liquidate a
debt of long standing.

Your historian is unable to state whether the in-
creased flock of young ladies present was due to an
overwhelming interest in athletic sports, or to the
fact that the managers of the Fair had secured the
services of a most eligible bachelor president.

Our people were awarded many premiums in all de-
partments, but the presiding officer was not included
in the "sweepstakes."

About this time a monster threshing machine, with
a straw-stacker, said to do the work of six men, made
its appearance in our fields. Another innovation was
the selling of unfanned wheat to the fine new mill at
Laurel.

In the Ninth month, Harry Sherman, of Washing-
ton, purchased the homestead at Olney belonging to
the heirs of Sarah B. Farquhar, and he is to be con-
gratulated upon the possession of what was once the
home of his grandfather, Joseph Elgar, and from
which his mother, Margaret Elgar Sherman, was
married.

Jessie B. Stabler received the appointment of teach-
er at Sandy Spring public school, and Alice B. Stabler
vent to Linden to take charge of a public school
there. Rockland and Sherwood, with full quotas of
students, resumed their sessions.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 203

October came on, not with the hoped-for clear, frosty
days, but with two weeks of dismal clouds and heavy
rains, followed later in the month by the soft and
genial weather of the Indian summer.

Tenth month, 21st, Mary A. Livermore, the distin-
guished lecturer, delivered a fine address to a large
audience at the Lyceum. Her subject, ''Dream of the
Future," was all-embracing in the variety of topics
touched on.

Tenth month, 22nd, Anna, daughter of Charles R.
and Nellie T. Hartshorne, was born. William and Jane
Scofield and daughter Sarah went to San Antonio,
Texas, to live ; and Sarah has established near that
quaint old city a day-school for boys and girls.

A sale was held at the old Chandlee homestead, and
the accumulations of a hundred years disposed of.
Charles Pidgeon and family, who had been in charge,
removed to Pennsylvania to live.

There was serious loss in this month to potato
growers by the rotting of a large proportion of the
tubers, estimated in some sections to be ninety per
cent, of the crop. Those that were housed kept
badly, but the few that remained sound the following
spring retailed as high as one dollar and sixty cents
per sack.

Eleventh month, 17th. At White Hall, the resi-
dence of her son, Samuel, died Elizabeth Hopkins, in
her eighty-second year. This gentle friend came with
her family from Virginia many years ago to reside
among us, and endeared herself greatly to her neigh-
bors by her affectionate interest in those around her,
her warm, charitable heart and pleasing serenity of

204 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

manner. She was laid to rest at Woodside Cemetery.
Thomas J. Lea erected a neat, convenient dwelling
and barn on land purchased from his father, and
moved his family from bpringdale to this new home,
which is called "Argyle."

Eleventh month, 28th, Mr. and Mrs. George Nes-
bitt celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of their
marriage by a large evening reception at Longwood.
New and old brides appeared in their wedding robes,
and occasioned much amusement by the diversity of
styles running through a quarter of a century.

Eleventh month, 30th, Edward P. and Mary B.
Thomas had a family tea-party in commemoration
of their twenty-fifth anniversary.

Surgeon Frederick W. Elbrey, U. S. A. (retired),
purchased Rutledge from Thomas L. Moore.

Dr. and Mrs. Elbrey, having spent many months
at different times in Sandy Spring, will come to reside
permanently among old and new friends in our neigh-
hood. They have named their home "Mirival," very
appropriately, in view of the beautiful valley which it
overlooks. Louis Stabler left Ashton store, where he
had been employed four years, and secured a situation
in Washington. Francis T. Lea also went into busi-
ness in Washington. About this time three of our
young women took advantage of an excursion ticket
to visit Roanoke, Virginia. Apart from the European
travelers, persons from our section had made summer
or autumn trips to Gettysburg, Wilmington, Phila-
delphia. Boston. Prouts Neck, the White Mountains,
Richmond. Atlanta, St. Louis, Minneapolis and other
points of interest.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 205

Eleventh month, 25th, was the day set apart by
the governors of all the States as one of thanksgiving.
This purely American festival was hardly noted out-
side of New Engand when some of us were young,
but now is becoming more general, and even in Sandy
Spring a few family gatherings and dinner parties
made the day one of rejoicing and praise. It is re-
lated that the first feast of this kind was furnished the
Pilgrims by skilled hunters sent out by Governor
Bradford, who brought in wild birds, turkeys and deer
from the woods around Plymouth. And often, now,
at the yearly celebrations through Massachusetts, five
grains of corn are placed by each guest, on the lav-
ishly-filled table, as a touching reminder of those he-
roic men and women, who dared famine and slaughter
for their principles, and were reduced, at one time, in
that terrible first winter, on an inhospitable coast, to
five grains of corn apiece, no more, no less.

Eleventh month, 26th, a meeting of the only Auxili-
ary Suffrage Association in the State of Maryland
was held at the Lyceum, and presided over by the
president, Caroline H. Miller.

The proceedings were characterized by abundant
spice and good nature. Caroline H. Miller was re-
elected president, James P. Stabler, secretary, Jessie
B. Stabler, treasurer, and Rebecca T. Miller, vice-
President. At first the audience consisted principally
of little boys and their mothers, but was increased
through the evening to a respectable size by numer-
ous full-grown men, some of whom were speedily
converted and joined the Association amid wild ap-
plause, thus following the illustrious example of

20G ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Admiral James E. Jouett, who has generally been
ahead in every fight, whether he encountered bullets
or ballots. Excellent papers were read for and against
giving suffrage to women, by Mary Bentley Thomas
and Allan Earquhar.

Twelth month, 8th. Snow covered the ground, ice
ponds froze over, and we rejoiced in the prospect 01
a good, old-fashioned season.

About this time Dr. Francis Thomas had a sale of
numerous farming implements, and removed to
Washington, which is fast becoming the Mecca of our
people for the winter.

The day after Christmas all the school children and
college students home for the holidays were rejoiced
by quite enough snowfall for good sleighing, and old
and young hardly waited for the fast-falling flakes to
cease to take advantage of this delightful mode of lo-
comotion. Several large parties were given, and the
merry jingle of bells resounded all day and far into
the night.

First month, ist, 1891. The firm of Scofield &
Henderson dissolved partnership by mutual consent,
and Louis Scofield took charge of his father's farm.

The Board of Directors of the Montgomery County
Mutual Fire Insurance Company reduced its rate of
"interest" on premium notes for the year 1891, from
four and one-half to four per cent., making the cost
of insurance one-ninth less than it was in 1890. This
they were enabled to do, notwithstanding the losses
paid in 1890 exceeded $48,000.

The popular season for reforming the world and
one's self had now come round again, and as the old

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 207

year merged into the past, with all its hopes and
fears, successes and failures, we were ready to greet
the new, to make the customary good resolutions, and
to turn once more the untarnished leaf that should
help us to "high thinking" and right living in the
months to come.

Llewellyn Stabler, who had left his business in Bal-
timore, and spent some months at bunnyside for
health's sake, secured a situation at Amersley with R.
Rowland Moore as general utility man.

Some severe cases of illness, which had shadowed
many homes earlier in the winter, had now happily
recovered ; and, as if in rebound from sorrow and anx-
iety, a series of very pleasant afternoon teas and even-
ing entertainments were given ; these had the merit
of early and sensible hours.

First month, 24th, Hadassah J., daughter of R.
Rowland and Margaret G. T. Moore, was born, and
the great-grandmother at Plainfield was honored and
delighted with her first namesake.

First month, 27th. The nineteenth annual con-
vention of the Montgomery county farmers met at
Sandy Spring, and the Lyceum hall wras filled beyond
k seating capacity. Henry C. Hallowell, who had
been president of the convention for eighteen years,
called the meeting to order, and deliverd a valedictory
address, after which B. D. Palmer, the new presiding
officer, took the chair. The minutes of the meeting
of committees from the several farmers' clubs were
read, and showed that the following officers of the
convention had been selected :

President, Benjamin D. Palmer ; vice-presidents,

2Q8 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Dr. Mahlon Kirk, Roger B. Farquhar and Henry H,
Miller; secretaries, Francis Snowden and Charles E.
Bond.

The reports from the different clubs showed that
the average yield of wheat per acre was about fifteen
bushels ; corn, nine barrels ; potatoes, one hundred and
four bushels ; hay, one and three-quarter tons ; and
an immense amount of cream and butter had been
sold.

Edward P. Thomas, Henry C. Alvord and Charles
Abert discussed the benefits to be derived from at-
tending county fairs. Some thought they would be
of far more value if horse-racing and betting could
be eliminated.

Interest in the proceedings was well maintained,
and the different subjects treated with much anima-
tion throughout the day.

A substantial lunch was provided and enjoyed, and
adjournment reached at four o'clock.

Second month, 5th. Dorcas Pumphrye died at an
advanced age. She was a most worthy and excep-
tionally intelligent colored woman, upright and hon-
est. The mother of sixteen children, she adopted yet
another, which she cared for as her own. For many
years she used the plain language and wore a Quaker
bonnet, and directed that she might be buried in the
old ground at Sharpstreet, in the most simple mam

Wallace Bond came from Brookeville to live again
at his home, and to enter Ashton store ; later on Caleb
Stabler also secured a clerkship in this popular resort
for aspiring young business men.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 209

Second month, 6th. George L. Stabler had a sale
of household goods, and on the nth, with his family,
started for Portland, Oregon, to make a new home
among Orthodox Friends in that far-away State. The
house occupied by him at Ashton was rented by Mr.
Colt and family, from Washington.

Second month, ioth, Robert Sullivan died at his
home in Ashton, in his sixty-fourth year. He was in-
terred the next afternoon, at Woodside Cemetery.

Second month, nth. George Brooke Farquhar, of
Roanoke, Va., and Edith Bentley, eldest daughter of
Edward P. and Mary Bentley Thomas, were married
by Friends' ceremony at "Cherry Grove," the residerce
of Samuel P. Thomas, greatuncle of the bride, who
was the sixth generation in direct line from the build-
er and owner of this fine old mansion. Several rooms*,
the wide hall and stairway were beautifully decorated
with greens and potted plants, and about one hundred
and fifty persons witnessed the ceremony and signed
the certificate. The young couple went to their new
home in Roanoke, Va., followed by the best wishes
of an exceptionally large circle of friends and near
relatives.

On the 17th and 18th of Second month, the mer-
cury touched seventy-two degrees at noon. Shrubs
and maples budded, and the rash crocus shot up and
prepared to bloom. On the 20th the ground was
again covered with snow, and premature vegetation
was forced to take another winter nap.

Between thirty and forty of our citizens, white and
colored, were summoned to Baltimore in February,
and kept there some days, sorely against their will,

210 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

to testify in the famous case of Hammond versus the
Ashton, Colesville and Washington Turnpike Com-
pany, which was gained by the plaintiff, and heavy
damages awarded.

The icy fetters of winter did not restrain our restless
population ; like death, the Sandy Spring traveler has
all seasons for his own, and some who had not been
away through the summer and fall started off now to
make good the record of the year. Samuel Wetherald
went to California and Oregon ; Mrs. A. G. Thomas
and daughter, Anna, Elizabeth Tyson and Malvinia
Miles went to Florida ; and our Indian agent, Benja-
min H. Miller, could be traced by the persevering all
over the western map of our country.

In the winter a small Chautauqua circle was form-
ed at Brighton. It seems remarkable that this im-
proving and wide-spread organization has compara-
tively so few votaries among us.

Xow that ground has been donated for a national
Chautauqua at Glen Echo, our people will no doubt
reap some of the benefits of being within easy reach-
ing distance of a fine summer school. The wise finan-
cier will do well for posterity, if not for himself, to se-
cure some choice corner lots at Glen Echo.

Third month, Arthur Douglass, son of Allan and
Lottie H. Farquhar, was born.

Third month, nth, Mrs. Bessie Starr Kieffer deliv-
ered a fine address at Olney Grange Hall. This gifted
and beautiful woman has spoken on the subjects of
"'temperance" and "woman suffrage" from New-
foundland to the Gulf, and from ocean to ocean. As
an evidence of her pluck and endurance, the fact may

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 211

be chronicled that she left New Haven, Connecticut,
at two o'clock that morning, eating breakfast, dinner
and supper all at once at Doctor Magruder's, and a
few minutes later faced her audience fresh, bright
and witty, and kept them thoroughly entertained for
over two hours.. How soon will one of our college
graduates beat this record, and afford me the pleasure
of making a note of it ?

Third month, 12th. The Rev. Orlando Hutton died
at an advanced age at his residence, near Brookeville.
This admirable Christian gentleman had been pastor
of various churches in our county dunng many years
of service in the ministry, and had officiated at many
marriage ceremonies and funerals in our neighbor-
hood. His golden wedding was celebrated last au-
tumn, since which event he has been in feeble and
failing health. He was considered among the most
able and accomplished preachers of the Episcopal
diocese of Maryland, and his unfailing courtesy, his
cultivated mind, his timely word and untiring work
for the good of humanity were the outward and visi-
ble signs of inward purity and high intellectual and
moral character.

Third month, 14th. Asa M. and Albina O. Stabler
celebrated, at Sunnyside, the twenty-fifth anniversary
of their wedding by a large evening company, making
the fourth couple in our historical year to proclaim to
the world that if marriage is a failure in Sandy Spring
it takes more than a quarter of a century to prove it.

Third month, 15th, Alda Brooke, daughter of Sam-
uel and Pattie T. Hopkins, was born.

Third month, 18th. Dr. Charles Farquhar held a

212 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

sale of farming implements and stock, preparatory to
a long visit, and a possible residence, in the State of
Washington.

Third month, 18th. A large gathering of farmers
from Montgomery County filled Brighton Grange
Hall during two sessions of the farmers' institute.
The meeting was held under the auspices of the
Maryland State Grange and the experimental de-
partment of the Agricultural College, and was devoted
to the discussion of milk in all its phases.

A large number of young men were present, who
showed a lively interest in the proceedings. Milk
separators and testers were exhibited, and their utility
practically demonstrated.

Major Henry E. Alvord, of the Agricultural Col-
lege, spoke of the advantages of cooperative cream-
eries, and the fact that the average of creamery but-
ter sold six or eight cents higher per pound than the
average of dairy or home-made butter. Papers were
read on the quality of milk, as it affects the farmer,
and the best breeds of cattle for dairy purposes. Of
these the preference was clearly given to the Jersey
and Guernsey.

Third month, 19th. The Rev. J. S. Keiffer, of Hag-
erstown, delivered one of his most delightful lectures
at the Lyceum. His subject, ''The Blarney Stone,"
was not only replete with the felicities as well as the
pitfalls of the art of flattery, but also contained a ser-
mon on Truth — that most important attribute of
character.

If our long-talked-of and ardently-hoped-for rail-
road is still denied us we can at least boast of a mys-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 213

terious telephonic connection with Washington. The
family at Sharon can distinctly hear, over their short
wire stretching to Brooke Grove, the stopping and
starting of the electric cars, some eighteen miles away.

The Third month was decidedly the coldest, most
stormy and disagreeable of the whole year. Raw and
biting winds, rain, snow, tempests, and a thunder-
storm, gave us sufficient variety of weather and con-
vinced us that March belongs properly to the winter
months ; yet, we always feel with his blustering ad-
vent that spring should come on apace. The poems
are here, but the "ethereal mildness" is still missing.

Only four really clear days had been our portion,
and on the 27th and 28th, if not a blizzard, a very near
relative to one, set in. If the snow, which fell con-
tinuously for many hours had not partially melted,
a complete blockade would have been the result
of this severe storm.

For several days April did not realize that March
had lapsed into the past, as the mercury still lingered
around the freezing point, and heavy white frosts ev-
ery morning discouraged the most eager and adven-
turous horticulturists from planting their gardens un-
til about the tenth of the month the wet ground
was hastily prepared and the seed hurried in.

Your historian felt safe in exhausting the English
language on the subjects of "la grippe" last year,
never dreaming this awful malady would, like the
celebrated "jaw-bone" in ancient history, again lay
low its thousands and tens of thousands.

Through the Third and Fourth months its victims
were most numerous. Those who were boastful last

214 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

spring, and felt themselves rather above catching it,
had now enough and to spare, while others, who
thought it was something to occur once in a lifetime,
like cutting teeth or growing a moustache, soon dis-
covered that after one spell one was so full of microbes
he or she could keep on having it indefinitely. Taking
this season more the form of violent influenza experi-
enced convalescents declare there is quite as much de-
pression, irritability, aches, pains and fevers in one
attack of "la grippe/'' as would serve a chronic
invalid through several years of ordinary sickness.

Fourth month, 9th. The last of the winter's course
of lectures was delivered at the Lyceum, on "Ques-
tions of the Day," by John D. MacPherson, of
Georgetown, D. C.

Fourth month, nth. Washington Winder Owens
died at his residence, Locust Hill, in his seventy-
eighth year. This highly-respected and valuable citi-
zen was noted for truthfulness, integrity and energy of
character, and his long life was wholly devoted to the
successful pursuit of agriculture. Although not liv-
ing within the radius of our neighborhood he was a
relative of the Porter family, of this place, and at one
time was a director in the Savings Institution of Sandy
Spring, but resigned the position some years ago.

On the 13th his remains were laid to rest with those
of his father, grandfather and great-grandfather in the
home lot. which had been in possession of Mr.
Owens' family for seven generations.

Fourth month, 14th, Miriam, daughter of Frank
and Fanny Snowden, was born.

On the 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 215

we had unusually high temperature for the season, the
thermometer recording from eighty to eighty-six de-
grees at noon on each of these dates. Even in July
or August seven days of such unvarying heat would
be noticeable, but with the enervating effects of the
"grippe" lingering in our midst, and afraid to dis-
pense entirely with winter clothing, Sandy Spring has
seldom passed a more uncomfortable week. We had
lamented loud and long on the tardy spring-coming,
the continuous cold rains, snows and frosts, but now
feeling "that man never is, but always to be, blessed,"
were quite ready to murmur at the too ardent rays of
the life-giving sun.

Our historical year now draws to a close. As far
as possible the current happenings of the day, the in-
cident that diverts, the event of pith and moment,
have been gathered and spread before you. One item
is reserved for the last.

Harriet Riddle Davis, of Washington, so well
known in Sandy Spring she needs no introduction to
this audience, has published a very delightful Quaker
novel. Many of the characters are types of our people,
and the scenes are familiar to us all. She has used
several well-known homesteads, the old meeting-
house, the Club, the Horticultural, a fox hunt, and a
picnic to "Folly Quarter," as the solid warp upon
which she has woven an exceptionally clever and pure
story.

Most of you have doubtless read with profit and
pleasure "Gilbert Elgar's Son," and will, perhaps,
recognize the following quotation from it — a sentence
replete with the best hopes of the future for our neigh-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING.

borhood, and towards which happy state we should,
individually and collectively, aspire. She says :

"I can fancy no life so full, so satisfactory, as that
of a successful farmer who sees his crops turn out
well, whose farm flourishes and improves from year
to year, whose stock is all of the best and purest
breeds, whose land is his own, untouched by debt or
mortgage."

CHAPTER IX.

From Fourth Month. 1891, to Fourth Month, 1S92.

Visit from Susan B. Anthony — Gold-diggers appeared at
P>rooke Meadow — Percy M. Eeese lectured on Rome,
and George Kennan on Vagabond Life in Eastern
Europe — Ellen Farquhar and Rebecca T. Miller went
to Europe — Obituaries of Deborah A. Lea, Edward
Lea, Caroline Roberts, Thomas L. Moore, Eate C.
Elbrey, Warwick M. Brooke. MaryAnnis Stabler, Mary
G. Tyson, Annie E. Hartshorne, Rachel E. Gilpin and
Elizabeth .1. Holland.

)

A smaller audience than usual, most of it convales-
cent from "la grippe," greeted the historian with
comforting warmth and attention on the evening of
the annual meeting, Fourth month, 20th, 1891. Rob-
ert H. Miller was elected president, Elizabeth T.
Stabler, secretary, Samuel YVetherald, treasurer, and
the incumbent of another position, who seems to re-
main on sufferance, since she is not reelected, is afraid
she will soon be classed among those office-holders
who seldom die and never resign.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 217

The following item was sent to begin the history
of the new year with: "The quarterly meeting of
Orthodox Friends met at Ashton, Fourth month,
20th. Although places were vacant by the removal
of some valued members, it was felt by those present
to be a time of much spiritual blessing; five ministers
were in attendance."

Fourth month, 26th. Susan B. Anthony renowned
for many years as the champion of oppressed woman-
hood, made a brief visit to Mt. Airy, and sat with us
on a beautiful Sabbath morning, fragrant with the
bloom of orchards, in the quiet of the old meeting-
house.

Fourth month, 28th. "Charley Forest," the home
of the Scofield family, was sold for $7,000 to Frank J.
Downey, of Frederick county, the former owners hav-
ing moved to Texas to live. This old homestead,
which had been remodeled, though still retaining
much that was quaint and interesting in its outlines,
is said to have been, when built, in 1728, the last white
man's dwelling in a direct line between Sandy Spring
and Canada. A month later there was a sale at this
place of household goods, stock and farming imple-
ments, the first of many such sales during the year.
For four weeks there had been no rain, a long per-
iod of drought for the springtime. On Fifth month,
5th, there was frost enough to frighten the growing
fruit, but on the 10th the mercury reached ninety de-
grees in the shade.

Arbor day was observed in the various schools by
essays and recitations on the subjects of trees and for-
estry, followed by tree planting.

21S ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING.

In this month Dr. F. W. Elbrey and family moved
from Alexandria to their new home, "Mirival," which
had been purchased from Thomas L. Moore some
months before.

Fifth month. 6th. After long deliberations and a
patient waiting of the majority, peculiar to the exer-
cises of Friends, it was decided to hold the monthly
meetings in joint session.

Fifth month, 15th. Deborah A. Lea died in her
seventy-fifth year.

Fifth month, 26th. Edward Lea died in his sev-
enty-seventh year, and was laid by the side of the wife
of his youth, in Woodside Cemetery, Fifth month,
28th. For some weeks this aged couple had been
passing, as it were, hand in hand, towards that silent
land whence there is no return. They had lived all
their lives near each other, and for over fifty-four years
together : Fate was kind to make the separation so
brief between this husband and wife. They had been
home-staying folks. Their existence passed, for the
most part, in the daily work of the farm, she excelling
in the cultivation and care of the garden and flowers.
They had done much for others ; children educated,
orphans sheltered, the ready and constant response to
the needs of the poor and suffering around them, and
for sweet Charity's sake, they counted as nothing
personal toil and self-sacrifice.

At the May meeting of the Horticultural Society,
of which they had long been honored members, Henry
C. Hallowell read the following tribute to their
memorv :

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 219

EDWARD LEA.
"When the warrior or statesman, the leader of men,
or the molder of the destinies of nations, passes from
busy results of activity to his last resting-place, col-
umns of eulogy appear in the papers of the day.

"Through the courts at deep midnight,

The torches are gleaming,
Through the proudly arched cfaapel

The banners are beaming,
Far down the long aisle

Sacred music is streaming —
Lamenting a chief of the people should fall."

"But those who tread the constant round of quiet
domestic life, who perform the duty that lies nearest
to them to the best of their ability, these merit and
should receive the respect and affection of neighbors
and friends, for they leave a rich legacy of example to
those still passing through the lights and shadows of
life's checkered pathway.

"The Horticultural Society had no members who
appreciated more than Edward and Deborah Lea its
social features and its influence on the neighborhood,
as manifest in improved gardens and in lawns and en-
closures of increased beauty.

"Edward Lea, although a man diffident of his own
ability, was ever ready to encourage others, and to
give a helping hand as far as he was able to do so.

"He was the oldest member of the 'Farmers' Club/
and was one of its originators ; he was greatly inter-
ested in the establishment of the Mutual Fire Insur-
ance Company of Montgomery County, of which he
was one of the charter members.

220 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

"He was one of the incorporators of the Savings
Institution of Sandy Spring, and was an active and
deeply-interested member of the Society of Friends.

"He also was an earnest worker in the cause of
temperance, and frequently, with his wife or some
congenial friend, visited the county jail and almshouse
to render, if possible, seme little service to his unfor-
tunate fellow-creatures.

"He was one of those patriotic citizens who believ-
ed it to be a duty to take an interest in the affairs of
county, state and country. He encouraged his young
friends by his counsel and advice, giving his views in
an unpretending, yet, earnest manner, and leaving
the "seed to germinate" if adapted to the soil upon
which it fell.

"After a life of activity and innocence, wishing to
live up to a lofty standard, so far as the "hindering
cares of time" would permit, he passed quietly over
the stream that noiselessly flows between two exist-
ences, life and the unseen futurity, on the 20th of
May, aged seventy-seven years.

"He had the companionship of the playmate of his
childhood through the long years of mature life, and
nearly together they became again as 'little children'
in their Father's household.

"He was buried at 'Woodside,' a beautiful ceme-
tery near his home, and which had been donated by
his wife and himself for the resting-place of such as
wished to be placed within it. In the words of the
Psalmist, 'Mark the perfect man, and behold the up-
right, for the end of that man is peace.' "

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 221

Fifth month, 16th, Catherine, daughter of Ulric and
Mary Janney Hutton, was born.

Sixth month, 4th. The closing exercises of Sher-
wood Friends' School were very creditable to teach-
ers and pupils. The resignation of George B. Miller,
the principal, was most reluctantly accepted; he car-
ried with him to St. Louis the best wishes of many
old friends, and the respect and affection of his form-
er scholars. The charming home at Oakleigh, which
he and his young wife had established the previous
year, was not long vacant, Edward N. Bentley mov-
ing his family there from Washington.

The record of many years of fair weather for our
quarterly meeting was broken by two rainy and tem-
pestuous days, Sixth month, 7th and 8th. Large
fires were necessary for comfort this most stormy
Sabbath, and it was said to be the smallest attendance
since 1861.

Sixth month, 10th. Dr. Charles M. Iddings and Ida
Leo Matthews, daughter of A. G. Matthews, of Hazel-
dene, Howard County, were married by Episcopal
ceremony, at the home of the bride. They came to
reside with Dr. Edward Iddings.

Copious rains fell from the 17th to the 22nd, and
gave the cheerful and hopeful husbandman his cus-
tomary excuse to croak and prophesy every misfor-
tune that he and his crops are natural heirs to.

The yield of small fruits was phenomenal. Straw-
berries of such size and in such quantities were never
seen before in Sandy Spring. The cherry trees were
laden with their beautiful fruit, so unusually large it
was possible to take two bites to a cherry, while some

222 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

of the berries from Charles G. Porter's garden could
easily be quartered and enjoyed.

John H. Janney purchased "Brooke Meadow," the
former home of Samuel Ellicott, and is to be con-
gratulated on coming into possession of land owned
by his ancestors, and as the proprietor of a productive
farm, to say nothing of the gold-mine thereon.

In this month the death of Caroline Roberts oc-
curred at Brighton. She had lived in the Peirce fam-
ily as faithful friend and assistant for seventy-six
years, the most lengthy voluntary servitude on record
in this vicinity.

Samuel Bond, of Oakdale, established a delivery
wagon from his store, the first to be noted here, and
a Laurel firm commenced sending bread to our doors ;
each year the farmer may, if so inclined, add more
outside expenses to his cost of living, which used to
be confined so strictly to the products of his own farm.

Sixth month, 2nd. Elizabeth T. and Marianna
Stabler, Bessie Scott, Rebecca T. and Pattie T. Mil-
ler, Edith, Mary and Eliza M. Hallowell, went into
camp for a week in the empty house formerly occu-
pied by Dr. Henry Chandlee — a romantic spot near
an old mill, with the pleasant environment of deep
woods and running streams. Visitors by the score
flocked to see these young women, determined on a
change, though still breathing their native air.

About the ist of Seventh month, Henry H. Miller
was appointed postmaster at Sandy Spring, vice
George B. Miller, resigned.

Miss Mary G. Colt purchased "Wayside," now

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 223

known as "Wrenwood," and greatly improved the
house by tasteful additions.

From Seventh month, ist to the 15th, the weather
was very cool, and the traditional hot Fourth had for
once foregone its chief characteristic. There were,
however, more horns, boys, noise and fireworks than
ever before. Throughout this month fires were often
needed during the day and blankets at night. Among
the numerous boarders in the neighborhood at this
time were Mr. and Mrs. Ye, of Corea, who remained
at Rockland some weeks, and were very interesting,
as belonging to an alien race, different in color,
speech, religion, dress and custom from any other
visitors to Sandy Spring, and yet in many ways quite
like all the rest of us.

It was no unusual thing for fifty or sixty strangers
to sit with us in the old meeting-house on the Sab-
bath, representing many creeds and more opinions,
yet, perhaps, all touched, in a greater or less degree,
by the quiet restfulness of the Friendly gathering.

Seventh month, 16th, Thomas L., twin son of Jos-
eph T., jr., and Estelle Tyson Moore, died, aged
eleven months.

This sudden bereavement called forth universal ex-
pressions of sympathy for the afflicted parents in the
loss of their only son, a lovely and promising babe,
and the separation of two little companions whose
very existence seemed bound up in each other.

"The bud that dries up in its envelope passes away
with all its perfume like thou with all thy innocence.

"Happy are they who die in their cradles ; they have
only known the kisses and smiles of a mother."

224 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Dr. Francis Thomas resigned the postmastership at
Ednor, and Edward P. Thomas was appointed to fill
the vacancy.

Seventh month, 19th. The Forrest Glen Stage was
discontinued, to the great inconvenience .of many
who found this the shortest route from Washington.

That periodic visitor, the railroad, now appeared,
this time at Brighton, and informed the doubling in-
habitants that Mr. Fuller, of tender memory, as con-
nected with that ancient imaginary line, the Sandy
Spring Railroad, had sold out to some company who
would proceed to build at once.

As Philip E. Thomas, one of the pioneers of rail-
road construction in America, was born in this county
in 1776, there may be a Thomas, however, "doubting"
among us now, who will rise up and build that road
without waiting for a fulfillment of these yearly prom-
ises that have, as yet, only driven some stakes, de-
stroyed a few trees and bushes, without laying a single
rail. The last weeks of July were very rainy, and
great difficutly was experienced by our farmers in se-
curing their hay ; fogs and dampness continued with
but few hours of sunshine, and the days which are gen-
erally devoted to the pleasures of outdoor life were
spent, perforce, in the house.

During the latter part of this month, and into the
Eighth, many persons went away, and were reported
as visiting or traveling in different places and states.
It seemed much of interest and health should have
been gathered from such widely divergent points as
Cape May, Rock Enon Springs, Detroit, Indiana,
Boston, Cape Cod, Niagara, Loudon County, Vir-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING. 225

ginia, Alaska, Roanoke, Atlantic City, Norfolk, Nat-
ural Bridge, Prouts Neck, Maine, Ocean City, Beach
Haven, Luray Cave, Longport, Catonsville, Bay
Ridge, Missouri, Baltimore, Hagerstown and New
York City.

Eighth month, 22nd, Mrs. Henry H. Miller gave
her year-old daughter, Katherine, a birthday party ;
seventeen infants, either native born or of Sandy
Spring ancestry, were present. Only three of the
number were boys — the usual proportion of swains to
swans in our neighborhood. An excellent photo-
graph of these coming women was taken by Nora L.
Stabler.

Gold-diggers now appeared at. Brooke Meadow,
with the inevitable three degrees of mining specula-
tion in this vicinity, positive, mine ; comparative,
miner; superlative, minus.

J. Elgar Hallowell secured a situation in St. Louis,
and removed thither.

The neighborhood was now, as is customary in the
Fighth month, teeming with visitors and boarders,
but many severe rain-storms, continuing for hours,
interfered with outdoor festivities. The 2nd, 3rd and
4th of the Ninth month, however, were delightful
days for the Rockville Fair, which was largely attend-
ed. The exhibit was most creditable, and many pre-
miums were awarded our people.

On the evening of the 5th there was a tremendous
thunder-storm, with a fall of three inches of water, in
a few hours. The Fair had for once escaped a
drenching.

Ninth month, 16th. Sherwood Friends' School op-

226 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

ened with Professor Charles M. Stabler, of New
York, as principal ; Miss Belle Hamman, first assist-
ant, and Emily T. Brooke and Sarah B. Farquhar,
teachers. There was an excellent attendance, children
coming from other sections, and the roll was increased
to fifty-three pupils during the session. An adult
class in French and German, taught by Miss Rose
Leuty, of France, was a new feature.

Helen and Ellen Thomas entered the Woman's
College, in Baltimore, the first girl students from
here to patronize a state institution. Esther T. Moore
was made a member of the faculty of Swarthmore
College ; Truxton Strain and his sister, Gertrude, went
to Oregon in pursuit of occupation.

William F. Thomas announced that he had open-
ed an office in Washington, and proposed to become
a banker and broker.

These annals have frequently contained honorable
mention of good situations found or earned by our
young men who have left Sandy Spring to engage in
business elsewhere. Perhaps it will do no harm to
record the achievements of a neighborhood boy of a
darker hue. Thomas Cooke, a grandson of old
Warner Cooke, while still in his teens, by the great-
est effort saved the sum of thirty-eight dollars. He
entered a pubic school in Baltimore, living on corn-
bread and beans for weeks at a time. He managed
to subsist for six months. Then he became a waiter
until he had accumulated enough to resume his stud-
ies. He pursued this plan for years, and now, at the
age of twenty-eight, he confident)' expects to gradu-
ate as a physician from Howard University in a few

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 227

months. He is said to understand Latin and Greek,
is apparently familiar with Shakespeare, Pope
and other great writers of the past, and is well "up"
on the literature and questions of the day. Anglo-
Saxon boys of Sandy Spring, with ten times the ad-
vantages of this youth, how many of you will achieve
half as much in the next ten years?

Vegetation was almost rank in the Ninth month,
and the hot days that had passed us by earlier in the
season came now on the 24th, 25th and 26th ; the
mercury rose to ninety or ninety-eight degrees each
day.

An immense corn crop was being secured. It was
often remarked that there had hardly ever been a year
of such abundance in all directions, although the hay
was not quite up to the average.

Tenth month came in with beautiful weather,
which continued for many days. On the evening of
the 15th Percy M. Reese, of Baltimore, delivered a
most interesting illustrated lecture on Rome, to a
crowded audience at the Lyceum.

Dr. Tillum and family, of Brighton, returned to
Pennsylvania, and Mrs. Sallie Ellicott and daughter
rented their place. Caroline H. Miller went first to
Washington and then to New York to visit her mar-
ried children.

Dr. Charles M. Iddings and wife moved to Loudon
county, Virginia. Admiral Jouett and wife closed
"The Anchorage," and went, temporarily, we hope,
to southeastern Virginia. Dr. Francis Thomas and
family again located in Washington for the winter.
Arthur Stabler and wife, and Elizabeth B. Smith and

228 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

daughter moved to Baltimore. Elizabeth Tyson
sought the orange groves and temperate climate of
Florida. Henry W. Davis and wife, of Philadelphia,
came to reside at Plainfield for some months.

In the Tenth month Richard L. Bentley was mar-
ried to Anna Van Buskirk, of Nova Scotia, and in
First month, 1892, Harry H. Stabler was married to
Elizabeth T. Reed, of Norfolk, Virginia. Although
both of these young men reside in Baltimore, and
married outside the fold, as they still wish to retain
their membership in this meeting we make this
record.

Fifty-seven of our people attended Baltimore
yearly meeting of Friends in the Tenth month. On
the 28th the first heavy white frost paled the gorgeous
dyes of the autumn leaves ; it seemed as if our woods
had never been quite so brilliant before.
"SURAL RAPTURES."
"Wthieai the goldenrod is gleaming

By the hedgerow brown,
When the crimson leaves are floating

On the west wind down,
When the stubble in the meadow,

Frosty gleams at morn,
Then the farmer — thrifty farmer —
Husks his corn.

"When adown the storm-swept forest,

Ripe nuts patter fast,
When the latest harvest's gathered,

Indian summer past;
When the woodman's axe is ringing

On the crashing logs,
Then the farmer — bloody farmer —

Kills his hogs.

ANNALS OF bAXDY SPRING. 229

"When the drifting- snows lie heavy,

All the world around;
When 'neath mistletoe and holly,

Yuletide joys abound,
Then beside his glowing- hearthstone,

Scorning tempest's roar,
Sits the happy farmer resting,

Heading papers by the score."

Eleventh month, 5th. Frederick and Pattie R.
Stabler celebrated their silver wedding by a family
tea-party. About this time some delicious strawber-
ries were picked at Oak Hill, which Frederick Stabler
called the "Ruth Cleveland" variety, "Baby" McKee
having suffered temporary eclipse by the advent of a
political rival. It is more than probable, however,
that all the volunteer berries gathered after November
of this year will be named for the national grandchild.

Eleventh month, nth. John H. Janney and Sallie
Randolph Turner, of Fauquier county, Va., were
married. The bride having been educated at Rock-
land, did not come as a stranger to her new home,
"Brooke Meadow." The election caused some local
interest and excitement, owing to the fact that several
of our people of the sterner sex had been nominated
for various offices. The opinion, however, seemed to
prevail that their families could not possibly spare
them, and they were unanimously elected to stay at
home.

Eleventh month, 17th. The mercury fell to twenty
degrees. The ground was frozen, and the careful
farmer, who takes even ice by the forelock, secured a
few loads as the foundation of a greater yield to
follow .

230 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Eleventh month, 23rd. Light rains through the
morning were succeeded shortly after noon by a hur-
ricane ; some trees were laid low, windows broken,
and one small house below Ashton demolished. We
fortunately escaped the full fury of this wind, as in
other parts of our county immense damage was done,
and there was some loss of life.

About the last of November the ever-aspiring Nim-
rods, undeterred by little game, scanty fare and the
gigantic floods of other years, again braved the dan-
gers of starvation and the elements, and disappeared
in the trackless wastes of the Blue Ridge Mountains,
emerging after a week with good appetites, no pelts,
and the most startling "hunters' chorus" that ever
vexed the echoes of a Quaker community.

Eleventh month, 30th. The mercury fell to ten de-
grees above zero. Ice was abundant, and several days
of very cold wintry weather set in.

Twelfth month, 8th. The Maryland State Grange
was better attended than for several years past, and,
judging from the published proceedings, the Mont-
gomery delegation did its full share of work.

Twelfth month, 14th. Kate C, wife of Dr. F. W.
Elbrey, died in her forty-second year. This lovely
woman and dear neighbor was so conscientious, so
truthful, so refined in all her instincts, and possessed
those social graces and enduring traits of character
that drew around her loving friends while she lived,
and sincere mourners for her untimely end.

Only a few months before she had come to live
among us as one returning to an old home. Her hap-
piness in all her country surroundings, her interest in

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING. 231

every growing thing, was very great. But already an
insidious disease was preying upon her, and this de-
voted wife and mother was taken from her invalid hus-
band and young daughters when she seemed most
necessary to their comfort and well-being. She was
interred on the morning of the 17th, at the meeting-
house among those whom she fondly called "her
people."

"Lay her to rest — her work is done, and well,
A generous, sympathetic Christian life,
A faithful mother and a noble wife —
Her influence — who can tell?

>
"Lay her to rest, say not her work is done,
No deed of love or goodness ever dies,
But in the lives of others multiplies —
Say it is just begun."

Twelfth month, 14th. There was a sale of imple-
ments, stock, etc., at Leawood preparatory to the re-
tirement of Isaac Hartshorne from farming.

On Twelfth month, 22nd, a little after midnight,
Warwick Miller Brooke, only son of Charles F. and
Come M. Brooke, died in his eleventh year. A great
wave of sorrow and sympathy passed over the com-
munity when this beautiful and mature boy succumb-
ed to a sudden, violent illness, and the home which
had been so filled with his energy and helpfulness, his
bounding health and radiant presence, was, indeed,
bereft and desolate.

The hope and pride of two families, it seemed as if
he must live to fulfill the promise of unusual endow-
ments of mind and person. His mechanical talents

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

were decided ; his use and command of language far
beyond his years, and sentences often fell from his
lips perfect in construction and application.

The generous heart of this little lad seemed con-
stantly to overflow with affection towards relatives
and friends, and the brief measure of his life has left
behind an abiding individuality, a charming person-
ality, a fragrant memory.

On the afternoon of the 23rd, a very large con-
course met at Brooke Grove, and amid many tender
expressions of grief, perhaps his most pathetic trib-
ute was the silent tears of his schoolmates, who had
loved him "with an exceeding great love." He was
laid in the family burying-ground at Alloway.

"Heaven knows what man he might have been, to
us he died a most rare boy!"

Professor "William Taylor Thorn moved his family
from Roanoke, Ya., to Mt. Airy to live. This gentle-
man will now be engaged in University extension and
other literary work.

Twelfth month, 24th. The mercury was sixty-four
degrees, the weather unseasonable and debilitating,
and a gloom, from recent deaths and severe cases of
illness still existing, overshadowed the Christmas
time.

The warm, foggy atmosphere brought to the sur-
face all the old proverbs, and in this case many of
them proved to be "wise saws."

"A warm Christmas, a cold Easter."

"A green Christmas makes a fat churchyard."

"If ice will bear a man before Christmas it will not
bear him afterwards."

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 233

"If Christmas finds a bridge he will break it; if he
finds none, he'll make one."

Twelfth month, 31st., Washington B. Chichester,
jr., and Eliza M. Hallowell were married by Episcopal
ceremony at St. John's Church, Olney. A large and
pleasant reception followed at Rockland. The young
couple will live at "Springland," where a new house
has been built for their accommodation.

Very few of us, perhaps, sit out the old year without
a flashing glance of retrospection over the past, and
good resolutions and bright hopes for the future.

"On New Year's eve, before the coals,

We sit and lder why
We made so many blunders in

The year that's just gone by.

"We look back on our many calls,

On fickle f8's hard blows,
And fondly hope that next year's joys

Will outweigh last year's woes.

"And, yet, if it should happen that
By times be9 decree —
The same old troubles should come back,
To test both you and me;

"Remember that in this queer world,

For every 1 who tries
His level best, and is content,

There's sure to be a prize."

On the morning of First month, 1st, 1892, we
awoke to find the ground covered with snow, and for
more than two weeks thereafter clear, cold weather
continued. The sleighing was most excellent, and

234 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

the air seemed resonant with the cheerful jingle of
bells — sometimes not used for a whole winter.

The following tribute was written by request on the
death of Mary Annis Stabler:

"While earth is so rilled with suffering humanity,
the feeble and the aged, who would fain lay down the
burden of life and enter their eternal rest, we marvel
that death should claim one so fitted to live and min-
ister to the needs of others, as our friend Mary Annis
Stabler.

"With her tireless energy, her superb physical
strength and wonderful powers of endurance, she has
been called home in the zenith of her glorious woman-
hood. Phillips Brooks says: 'Xo man or woman
can really be strong, pure and good without the world
being better for it, without somebody being helped and
comforted by the very existence of that goodness ;'
and so the many who were privileged to enjoy intimate
companionship with her may still feel the halo of her
presence strengthening them in the performance of
duty.

"She was born in Lynchburg, Va., in 1857, and lived
there until the summer of 71, when she came to re-
side at Leawood, and made, by her devotion and
cheerfulness, an indispensable member of that family
for sixteen years, when she joined her mother and sis-
ter in their new home 'Gladwyn.' Her strong at-
tachment to her relations and friends was unswerving,
and her love of and patience with little children un-
tiring. She was an active and useful member of
Brighton Grange from its organization in 1874, never
flagging in her efforts to keep the hall tidy and pleas-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 235

ant. For many years she was "lady assistant stew-
ard," and when relieved of that duty was librarian, op-
ening the hall between the regular meetings, so that
the members could have full use of the books.

"The meeting on January 13th was closed as soon as
her death was known, and a special memorial meeting
was held for January 30th.

"Shortly before the new year opened, with its pages
mercifully veiled from our vision, Mary Annis was
summoned to the Hartshorne family at Leawood, and
she entered heart and soul into the labor of love which
was to be her last on earth. By day and night she
was at her post ministering to first one invalid, and
then another, with cheering word and sympathetic
touch, trying to alleviate the miseries of "la grippe,"
until her own illness forced her to succumb, and she
was taken back to 'Gladwyn.' Pneumonia develop-
ed, and after a brief illness she closed her earthly ca-
reer January 13th.

"On the 15th, the day of the funeral, the earth was
covered with a heavy mantle of snow, which seemed
emblematic, not only of the dreariness of the home
which was to know her no more, but of the unsullied
purity of her own life.

"Perhaps this tribute cannot be more fittingly end-
ed than in the words of an intimate friend, who said :

1 'The beautiful life that has closed, all too soon, has
been a blessing to us all, and the sure knowledge that
she has laid down her cares to enter an eternal peace
and joy is a comfort. Truly, her life was an epistle
of goodness to be read by all.' "

H. J. B.

23G ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

First month, 14th, 1892. The Woman Suffrage As-
sociation of Maryland held its annual meeting at the
Lyceum, and was presided over by Caroline H. Mil-
ler, the president, who was reelected to that position
for the ensuing year. James P. Stabler, the secretary,
being unable to attend from sickness, Mary Bentley
Thomas filled his place pro tern.

Edith D. Bentley, Charles H. Brooke, Sarah T.
Miller and Mary Bentley Thomas were accredited as
delegates to the convention to be held in Washing-
ton in the Second month.

First month, 17th. The mercury at some places in
the neighborhood touched zero, and there was still
plenty of snow. Almost every household had sick in-
mates. "La grippe"' and pneumonia laid low the
older members, and measles and mumps seized the
children. Sherwood school had just about one-half
its average attendance ; white and colored were alike
afflicted, and it was a season of dread and gloomy
forebodings.

That mysterious disease, "la grippe," returning
for the third winter, and each time with greater vio-
lence, was now raging in all directions. When some
scientists proclaimed it was due to unusually large
and active sunspots. we were glad to get even that
near the cause of this little understood and world-wide
malady.

About this time Samuel A. Janney went on a sea
voyage for health's sake to Liverpool, England.

After many months of failing health, at her home,
■"Leawood," First month, 19th, died Anna E., wife of
Isaac Hartshorne, in her sixtieth year. This kind, ge-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 237

nial and attractive wife and mother could be but illy
spared from a devoted husband, whose failing eye-
sight made him especially dependent upon her, and
from a household whose centre she had ever been. Of
refined and intellectual tastes, a constant reader of the
best books and literature of the day, one could always
learn something of interest and value in her society.

She was a member of Brighton Grange, and of the
"Association," and ever dispensed the generous hospi-
tality of her native state, Virginia, in her pleasant
home.

Flowers were her especial delight, and to their suc-
cessful cultivation she brought an intelligent care that
insured her many prizes for rare and beautiful exhibits
at the horticultural society and at fairs.

A large procession of sorrowing relatives and friends
attended her funeral on the afternoon of the 22nd, and
followed her remains to Woodside Cemetery, where
she rests near the sister she had loved so well, and who
had preceded her but a short time to the spirit-land.

The twentieth annual convention of farmers met
at ten o'clock, First month, 19th, at the Lyceum.

Owing to a most inclement day the attendance was
not more than half as large as in former years, but the
following topics were discussed in an animated man-
ner: "How can the fertility of the land be maintained
when hay is the principal crop sold?" "What public
road legislation do we require?"

Want of time prevented other questions from being
spread before the meeting, and papers on the subjects
of "The wisdom of clearing timber lands," by Henry
C. Hallowell, and on "The advantage of planting large

238 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

acreage of potatoes," by Edward P. Thomas, could
not be read, but were ordered printed wth the proceed-
ings of the convention. Benjamin D. Palmer presided,
with J. Janney Shoemaker and Henry H. Miller as
secretaries.

The historian's task in this sorrowful winter had in-
deed, been replete with sad chronicles, and it seemed
as if the fell destroyer had stricken down in our midst
those who could least be spared, and who seemed
most likely to live. Yet, again, the community was
shocked and distressed by the death of Mary G. Ty-
son, First month, 26th, in her sixty-seventh year.

On the death of her husband, Henry Tyson, of Balti-
more, she had come with her family some fifteen years
ago to reside among us ; here, some of her daughters
had been educated, and two of them married.

Her fine physique and excellent health, her undimin-
ished physical and mental powers, seemed to insure her
a long life, and it was difficult to believe she was near-
ing the allotted three score and ten.

"Seized with 'la grippe,' and other complications,
after a brief illness, violent and fatal from the first, she
was taken from her sorrowing children, and they were
bereft of their mainstay, the loving and beloved
mother. A woman of strong individuality and pro-
nounced feelings, a constant and intelligent reader,
an admirable conversationalist, helpful and indus-
trious, the head and centre of a busy, delightful home,
who can fathom the loss that pervaded her bereft
household !

On the morning of the 29th many friends assem-
bled at Marden despite the early hour, to pay the last

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 239

tribute of affection and respect to her, who lay in the
majesty of death within those hospitable walls.

Her remains were taken to Baltimore, and interred
that afternoon, at Greenmount, beside her husband.

Second month, 12th and 13th, were extremely cold,
clear days, and before sunrise on the latter date and
again that evening a most beautiful ''aurora borealis"
hung its crimson drapery in the sky. Seldom has such
a display been witnessed in our latitude, and many of
pur colored friends were greatly alarmed, believing
that "war, pestilence and famine" would quickly follow
this exquisite panorama of color from lightest pink to
vivid red.

Second month, 19th. Henry, son of Dr. Augustus
and Helen Snowden Stabler, was born.

Second month, 20th. R. Rowland Moore having
leased his farm, "Amersley," to Tarleton B. Stabler,
moved with his family to Marden.

R. Rowland Moore, whose initials we learn now
stand for "railroad," from much travel behind the iron
horse, after cutting the timber from thousands of
acres in Montgomery county, has now advanced into
Virginia, and proposes to lay low many a tree on the
Rappahannock, and to convert the wood into ties and
sleepers.

William W. Moore and Tarleton B. Stabler have
entered into a partnership to carry on the creamer}7
and ice-cream business at Amersley.

Coincidents are singular, because they are subject
to no law they are as unique and unaccountable as the
crystal found in the geode.

Washington's birthday occurred on February 22nd,

240 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

which was Monday, and there was nothing strange in
that; but why should every other holiday in 1892 also
fall on "wash-day?" This year is made leap-year by
the fact that there is a 29th of February, and that date
falls on Monday. The 18th of April is Easter Mon-
day ; the 30th of May, Decoration day, is again Mon-
day ; the 6th of June is Whitsun Monday ; the Ameri-
can eagle will give his loudest screams on July 4th —
also Monday ; Labor day comes on Monday, Septem-
ber 5th ; Christmas and Xew Year's are two Sundays,
and will be celebrated on Monday.

This most disagreeable day of all others, perhaps, to
housekeepers, when the wheels have to be set in mo-
tion again, and duties and responsibilities resumed af-
ter the Sabbath rest, has, in 1892, risen as it were from
the suds, and will assert itself in religious observ-
ances, in memorial services, in patriotic oratory, in rest
for toiling thousands, and in Christmas and New-
year's festivities.

We doubt if ever again all these various holidays can
fall on Monday.

Ashton was made a money-order office about this
time, and the postmaster informs us that the first
money-order came from Newburg, Oregon, and the
first postal note cashed was from Florida, almost as far
northwest and southeast apart as this big country ad-
mits of.

The vice-president of the Laurel bank, Alban G.
Thomas, opened a branch office for transacting the
business of that institution at Ashton store.

From Second month, 23rd, to Third month, 2nd, for

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 241

eight days the sun shone neither on the just nor the
unjust.

In this period of gloom almost every variety of
weather was our portion, fogs, rain, hail, snow and
high winds. March came in like a lion and continued to
roar for many days thereafter. Despite a severe storm,
the "pink tea" at Olney grange hall, Second month,
29th, was quite a success ; about a hundred persons
braved the elements and enjoyed an excellent supper.'
The waitresses were becomingly attired in pink and
white, and the "fan brigade," in which they took part
later in the evening was a graceful exhibition. Mrs.
Granville Farquhar, Mrs. Catherine Janney and Mrs.
Williams, ably seconded by young assistants, deserve
great credit for this entertainment.

Third month, 2nd. Ellen Farquhar, with Rebecca
T. Miller, Amy and Lucy Miller, of Baltimore, Anna
Coale, of Riverton, N. J., and Miss Snyder, of Penn-
sylvania, set sail from New York for a six months tour
abroad. These "personally conducted" young women
had, with one exception, all been Rockland scholars,
and were now to have the fulfillment of a promise
made years ago by their teacher, who is rapidly be-
coming our greatest traveler.

Third month, 9th. The waving curtains of the wil-
low, shown green in the first sunshine we had enjoyed
for a week, and the robin redbreast appeared under
the holly trees, feasting on the scarlet berries that cov-
ered the ground.

On the 10th, about the usual date, the fan-tailed
blackbirds returned to their habitation in the tall lo-
custs at Norwood.

242 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Who can fathom the mystery of that instinct which
brings these winged wanderers back to the same tree-
top, season after season? "Men may come, and men
may go," but the birds for countless generations, near
the same day of the month, fly out of the southern sky
and alight on the same knarled old branches.

About noon, Third month, ioth, Rachel E., widow
of the late Alban Gilpin, after many weeks of suffering
from heart trouble, passed away in her seventy-sixth
year. This estimable friend had spent most of her
long tranquil life in our neighborhood. Gentle and
placid, she spoke no ill of anyone, and her self-con-
tained, discreet, well-ordered existence was an example
to be followed. An interested member of the "Horti-
cultural" and the "Association,'" she enjoyed mingling
with her friends at the pleasant meetings of these so-
cieties. Blessed with a deyoted daughter, from whom
she had never for any length of time been separated,
her declining years were passed in that comfort and
freedom from care so grateful to the old. She was
buried on the afternoon of the 12th, at Woodside
cemetery.

Third month, ioth. A blizzard of wind, rain and
snow struck us ; the mercury fell many degrees in a
few hours, and all through that night and the next
day, swift, piercing winds blew the light snow hither
and thither.

The 13th and 14th commenced very wintry, and on
the 1 6th we awoke once again to find a white mantle
hiding mother earth from view. Xo wonder the pa-
pers announced,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 243

"He wrote <a spring poem — to sell it he sped,
He was found in a. snow-drift,
Congealed and quite dead."

Benjamin H. Miller, Indian inspector, whose
graphic letters from the far northwest have entertained
the readers of the "Montgomery Press" in the past
five months, returned to his home on a leave of ab-
sence. He has already traveled 45,000 miles in gov-
ernment service, and endured diversities of climate
only to be compared to the "below zeros" and "above
boiling" points of a thermometer.

Third month, 12th. The book club that began its
career of usefulness and enjoyment several years ago,
with twelve members, finds its numbers swelled to fifty
at present.

It is conceded that "the dog that takes hold is a
good dog; the dog that holds fast is better," and pos-
sibly the dog that wins the prize at the bench show is
best of all. The Sandy Spring hunting club secured
four premiums at the recent exhibition in Washington,
of all sorts of canines except the "cur of low degree."

Third month, 17th, Ainsworth R. Spofford, con-
gressional librarian, delivered at the Lyceum a beau-
tiful and instructive lecture on "The Art of Reading. '
A persistent storm of sleet and snow prevented many
persons from enjoying this intellectual treat.

St. Patrick's day lasted all through the night, and
by the next morning the ground was covered with the
deepest snow of the year, from ten to twelve inches on
the level, and huge drifts in many places. Sleighs came
merrily forth, and the prudent housekeeper wondered
if the garden could be planted in time to produce those

244 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

"delightfully fresh" vegetables, so grateful and neces-
sary to the ever-hungry city visitor or boarder.

On the evening of Third month, 28th, Prof. William
Taylor Thorn inaugurated a Shakespeare class at Mt.
Airy to meet weekly for the study of the great master
who has depicted every emotion of the heart and every
attribute of human nature.

The Third month came in with violent storms ; gave
us only three really clear days, and inflicted on us a
constant variety in the shape of fog, wind, rain, sleet
and snow, and finally left us on the 31st in a down-
pour of eighteen hours duration. Helen Hunt says :

"Ah, March ! we know thou art kind-hearted in
spite of looks and threats, and out of sight art nursing
April's violets."

But the prose of sodden country and long-delayed
spring seemed to outweigh all poetic fancies.

Early in April we had to congratulate our sister me-
tropolis, Brookeville, on the passage of a bill through
the legislature to allow her to borrow $3,000 to pave
her sidewalks. Although our grandfathers, through all
their long lives, heroically stuck in the mud, and had
plenty of time to extricate themselves, their descend-
ants are convinced that good roads and improved
thoroughfares are the highways to comfort and pros-
perity. An unusual number of railroad bills were be-
fore our legislators at Annapolis at this time. One
especially seemed worded to inevitably strike us, as it
is to go from Washington to Laurel, thence to the
Pennsylvania line by any practicable route it may se-
lect through Prince George, Montgomery, Howard
and Frederick counties, with lateral branches. Now, if

ANNALS OF SAND* SPRING. 245

these lateral branches could encompass "Alloway" and
"Falling Green" everybody in between ought to be
satisfied.

About the last of the Third month Robert H.
Brooke returned to his situation in the civil engineer
corps of the Norfolk and Western Railroad ; Walter
H. Brooke went to St. Louis, expecting to secure a
position and locate in that city.

Fourth month, 3rd. The mercury registered eighty
degrees at noon, eighty-four degrees at three o'clock,
seventy-rive degrees at half-past six. The same sum-
mer heat continued on the 4th.

Your historian would be loath to fall short in any
particular in this veracious record, neither would she
be willing to step beyond designated duties, but she
cannot forbear giving to the maiden sisters a gentle
hint that it is again leap-year, and to the bachelor
brothers a timely warning of the perils they are ex-
posed to. But few marriages are noted in these pages,
but if Dame Rumor is correct — there will be more to
follow.

One bachelor, considered invulnerable, has caused
some comment and anxiety among his friends by go-
ing twice from home in the past year and remaining
over night, once as far as Hagerstown. This is re-
garded as very suspicious, and unless means are taken
to secure a reciprocity treaty with Hagerstown,
should not be allowed by interested sisters. While a
commodity is abundant and of excellent quality in
our midst, importations should be discouraged until
the demand outweighs home consumption. On the
other hand an unmarried lady traveling beyond the

246 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Mississippi has written home to secure a copy of that
touching song, "Thou hast wounded the spirit that
loved thee!" This is considered encouraging, as
there may be a western market for some of our sur-
plus riches.

The measles broke out early in the season in a fam-
ily that for three generations, certainly, and perhaps
further back, has had its engagements and marriages
emphasized by this eruptive disease ; indeed, it is a
mooted question in this family, whether Cupid brings
the measles, or that malady hastens the appearance
of the rosy god.

Without going into details on this delicate and in-
teresting subject either from the fact that four will
divide evenly into 1892. or from other causes, your his-
torian is encouraged to believe that marriage bells
wrill ring merrily in the coming months, and that
orange-blossoms will be the favorite flower, though
it is still a well-known fact that in this otherwise richly
endowed neighborhood,

"Our saddest words of tongue or pen —
There are so many women, and so few men."

On the afternoon of Fourth month, 5th, the first
meeting of the horticultural was held at Rockland,
and members reported the least possible work done
in their gardens, and a very backward season.

On the evening of Fourth month, 7th, the distin-
guished traveler and author, George Kennan, gave
us a most charming lecture on the subject of "Vaga-
bond Life in Eastern Europe." Even standing-room
was at a premium in the Lyceum, and it was pleasant

ANNALS OF SANDY SRtUNG. 247

to be told by the lecturer after he had finished that
while he had many larger audiences elsewhere, he
never had any ''as keenly attentive, and as quick of
perception as in this neighborhood."

There has been but little building during the year ;
a tenant-house at Alloway, additional rooms at
Amersley, the Harden barn enlarged, a tenant-house
rebuilt at Belmont, a windmill, with the accompany-
ing conveniences of water upstairs and down, at Pon-y-
Bryn.

The most important improvements have been made
to Charles E. Bond's bone mill, which doubles its
former size, and to Brighton store, in the shape of a
beautiful drug department, fitted up in tasteful style,
with hard-wood counters, a fretted-iron ceiling and
plastic-work screen.

Fourth month, ioth. After long illness and suffer-
ing Elizabeth J. Holland passed away in her seventy-
first year. Our esteemed friend had long been the
sister-mother in a household of brothers and sisters,
and had pursued the even tenor of her way, finding
her chief happiness in that routine of domestic duties
so essential to the comforts of home.

She frequently attended our meeting, and was in
sympathy with us, although not a member, and had
belonged for many years to the "Association for mu-
tual improvement," welcoming her friends to a gath-
ering of this kind with her accustomed hospitality
even after she was attacked by a fatal disease. When
such a useful and honorable life is closed the family
circle knows the void cannot be filled.

A Turkish proverb says, "Before you go in find a

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

way out," and in drawing this record to a close, it
seems as if the sentence one wishes most ardently to
utter, because it is the last, is after all the most dim-
cult to frame.

This past year has been one of many blessings in
abundant crops of every kind, and in immunity from
those disasters by storm and flood that have laid waste
many sections of our land. But it has been a period
of much sickness, of many deaths, of a great sense of
anguish and bereavement for those we could so illy
spare, and who have entered into the higher life.

Many families have passed "under the red." and
have been sorely stricken ; all have been bowed with
grief and tender sympathy. It is a merciful provision
of an all-wise providence that "times of sorrow"
do not stand still ; existence must go on ; the sun
shines, though we would fain sit in darkness, flowers
bloom and birds sing, the hourly duty must be per-
formed. The scars are still there, but after a while
the healing touch of time gently closes the open
wound.

As the sculptor chips away the marble and evolves
from the block the form of perfect beauty and pro-
portion, so every experience, every joy, every heart-
ache carves the character, and should mould us to-
wards a better and higher standard, and as the years
roll on we can hope and believe,

"Xo thought or thing- can ever die,

But change incessant governs all;

So atoms from the crumbling rock,

Move upward in the forest tree,

And every act, for good or ill,

Casts light and shade eternally."

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 249

CHAPTER X.

From Fourth Month, 1892, to Fourth Month, 1893.

Prof. E. J. Looniis and President Gihnan, of the Johns
Hopkins University, lectured — Bicycles appeared —
Golden Wedding of Charles G. and Jane T. Porter —
Large excursion to Sugar Loaf Mountain — Philip S'fcab-
ler's barn burned — Obituaries of Mary M. Miller,
Sarah Ann Gilpin, Cornelia Strain, B. Gilpin Stabler,
Samuel Hopkins, Richard T. Kirk and Mary H.
Chandlee.

At the annual meeting of the Lyceum Company,
Fourth month, nth, 1892, all the officers of the preced-
ing year were continued, with no change of directors.

Frances Stabler was appointed to take charge of the
meteorological report, and Charles Iddings was re-
quested to assist her. The weather for some years
had been left entirely to the tender mercies of the his-
torian, who still feels at liberty to round up a sentence
with a shower, separate paragraphs by a blizzard, or
finish off a page in a blaze of sunshine. There has
been no monopoly of heat, cold, winds and snows in
the past twelve months, but enough and to spare for
all.

Fourth month, 15th, Good Friday, was a misnomer,
as sleet and rain came on, but it cleared beautifully
for Faster Sunday.

Olney was made a money-order office about this

250 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

time. It seems as if a multiplicity of offices and addi-
tional facilities have increased rather than diminished
the amount of postal matter at old Sandy Spring since
those far-away days when the mail came once a week
and supplied the whole surrounding country.

The quarterly meeting of our Orthodox Friends
was held at Ashton, on the 16th, 17th and iSth of
Fourth month. The attendance was rather smaller
than usual ; as some of the resident members are a
long distance from the meeting-house, several took
possession of a cosy, unoccupied dwelling in the vil-
lage, and moving enough furniture from home for the
purpose, had comfortable quarters and saved them-
selves and visitors long rides.

Prof. E. J. Loomis, of the nautical almanac office,
Washington, delivered a deeply-interesting lecture on
the 23rd, at the Lyceum. The subject was "From
Cape Town to Kimberley, the Diamond City." Air.
Loomis exhibited specimens of the pebbles among
which the gems are often found, and showed the audi-
ence some handsome diamonds embedded in their
native blue matrix.

Granville Farquhar, Dr. Charles Farquhar, Amos
Holland and Dr. Francis Thomas have introduced
novel water-works on their respective farms. This
new device is known as the Davis hydraulic motor,
and is a cheap, simple and effective method of supply-
ing houses and barns with water.

Fifth month, 5th. M. Edith Farquhar transferred
to Charles H. Brooke, her place c-lled "Avery Lodge."

On the evening1 of the 9th our democratic friends
held a mass-meeting at the lyceum. This nearly ad-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 251

journed before it began, from the fact that one of the
republican sisters had borrowed the key, and they
were locked out. Not willing to submit to despotism
of this kind they entered through the windows, and
very nearly raised the roof and burst open the door
with enthusiasm.

Fifth month, nth. There was a severe hail-storm,
which fortunately spent its fury ere reaching our im-
mediate vicinity, and happily the "clouds rolled by"
before night, and did not interfere with the marriage
of Dr. Charles Farquhar and Cornelia H. Strain, at
her home by Episcopal ceremony. The next evening
a large reception, generally attended by friends from
far and near was given by the bride and groom at their
home, "Mendon," beyond Olney.

Severe hail-storms, accompanied by thunder and
lightning, in the Fifth month, greatly damaged the
growing fruit and injured the foliage ; several trees and
dwellings were struck by the electric fluid, fortunately
without loss of life. This noticeable activity and com-
motion of the elements was attributed by many to the
approach of the planet Mars, which grew mor^ and
more brilliant as he sped on his fiery path towards us,
and outshone in grandeur all the other stars.

Fifth month, 21st. Quite a party braved a hisfh
wind and pouring deluge, and spent the day at Mt.
Vernon. On the 28th most of the Sherwood scholars
and others made the same trip under more favorable
circumstances, and auspicious skies.

Sixth month, 3rd and 4th, increasingly warm wea-
ther, and not the slightest doubt remained in anyone's
mind that the summer was upon us.

252 AXXALS OF SANDY SPEIXG.

Sixth month, 12th and 13th were perfect days for
the quarterly meeting, which, although smaller than
usual, was of great interest. A large meeting was
convened First day evening in the interest of philan-
thropic work.

Sixth month, 10th. Rockland school had its final
closing exercises. The proprietor, Henry C. Hallo-
well, furnished me with the following statistics:

"Rockland school was the successor to Stanmore
school for girls, which followed Stanmore school for
boys. It succeeded the Alexandria school for boys,
founded by Benjamin Hallowell, in Alexandria, Va.,
in 1824. Benjamin Hallowell began teaching in 1818,
and members of his family have been continuously
engaged in educational work from that date to the
present. There have been at Rockland during its
fourteen years of existence as a school an average of
thirty-seven scholars each year, or a total of five hun-
dred and twenty. The number of different girls is two
hundred and thirty-nine; the average duration of
school life has been two years ; the average age at
entrance fourteen and a-half years, and the number of
graduates fifty-two.

"The pupils have been from twelve states, the Dis-
trict of Columbia and Bermuda, from New York to
Louisiana, and as far west as California." It is a mat-
ter of great regret that such a prominent feature of our
neighborhood as this institution should be closed and
become a thing of the past, instead of a living pres-
ence among us.

Its reputation has spread far abroad, and the beau-
tiful home life, as exemplified by Henry C. and

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 253

Sarah M. Hallo well, and their children, has doubtless
been of lasting benefit to the many young girls shel-
tered with such kindly, loving and conscientious care
beneath that roof, and who went forth by devious paths
to carrv through maturer years and wider experiences
the advice and influence of their school days."

The following tribute to Mary M. Miller was pre-
pared soon after her death by the historian for the
"woman's association," of which she had been a
member :

'To us who loved and admired Mary M. Miller,
who felt that her presence, whether in the social circle
or the sick chamber, or even the casual meeting, was
ever a pleasure and an inspiration, the tidings of her
death, Sixth month, 17th, came as a shock and heart-
felt sorrow, and the entire community was saddened
by this calamity. She had mingled with her friends
apparently in her accustomed good health, on the
first and second days of quarterly meeting, but was
stricken down by a sudden and violent attack on the
night of the 13th.

"When hope seemed vanishing, she submitted with
calmness and fortitude to a dangerous operation,
which she did not survive. It is perhaps the happiest
fate to pass from earth in the full tide of a vigorous,
useful existence, before age has withered the intellect
or impaired the physical powers, or infirmity brought
suffering and weariness of life. She had never wished
to grow old, and although past sixty-four, advancing
years had left her young in heart, ardent and enthusi-
astic in disposition, stately and handsome in person.

"The only surviving daughter in a family of five

254 ANNALS Oi? SAXDY SPRING.

brothers, she was born and reared in our neighbor-
hood in that more primitive time when it was diffi-
cult to wrench from the land the necessities of life, and
luxuries were almost unknown.

"Those who recall her as a child and in her girlhood
remember her remarkable energy and industry, char-
acteristics that endured to the last. In the declining
years of her parents, Caleb and Ann M. Stabler, it
was her delight to bring them to her lovely home (her
devoted husband and children cordially aiding her),
and give them all the comforts that affection could
suggest.

"Never prominently identified with public functions,
few have exercised a wider influence through right
living and high thinking, and a devotion to the 'good,
the true, the beautiful."

She had been permitted to realize her most cher-
ished hopes, and the dreams and aspirations of her
youth were more than fulfilled in maturer years. Happy
in a most congenial marriage, she had watched her
children grow into honorable men and women around
her. She had travelled extensively in her own land,
and in far countries beyond the sea (and cherished
relatives and friends of all ages, for she seemed the
contemporary of young and old), wTho gathered in her
refined and beautiful home to enjoy the hospitality
she constantly dispensed.

"In her prosperity she did not forget the poor and
struggling, and while few knew the extent of her wise
and helpful giving, her bounty was limited by no ties
of relationship, race or creed.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 255

"A 'birth-right' member of the Society of Friends,
she ever retained a deep interest in its affairs ; to all
the neighborhood organizations and charities she ex-
tended the helping hand, and of the horticultural and
woman's association she was an active and valued
member. Of strong intellect, excellent judgment and
a varied experience, cheerful and enthusiastic in all
her occupations, she moved along her pathway, enjoy-
ing the blessings of her full-rounded life, and scatter-
ing benefits as she passed.

"Her queenly form and stately grace,
Matched well the beauty of her face,
In her warm heart and cultured mind,
Compassion dwelt for all mankind;
Perfect the works her willing' hands could do,
Her charity fell around her noiseless as the dew,
And still one virtue crowning all the rest,
Her strict integrity was truest, noblest, best."

"On the afternoon of the 19th one of the largest as-
semblages ever gathered here on a similar occasion
met at Alloway, and she was laid to rest under the
grand old trees on the lawn, within the limits of the
home her energy and taste had done so much to beau-
tify. From many appropriate and touching words
offered by sorrowing friends and neighbors on that
occasion I select some extracts :

"At such a time as this we are made to feel what are
the important things of life. She whose mortal re-
mains are here, was not devoted by profession to any
form of life that is generally called holy, nor did she
hold any conspicuous place in the public eye, but for
how many of those who did would we feel the grief

256 ANNALS OF .SANDY SPUING.

and bereavement that we do for her ! The centre of a
household, the mother of a virtuous family, reared by
her in goodness, usefulness, refinement, cultivation,
what is there in this world that can be better than this,
or more deeply missed, when taken from us ?

" 'When we consider faithfully what it is that
chiefly marks our recollections of her, I believe it is
found to be as a doer of good, as a practical and ef-
fective worker of charity. But in a finer and higher
sense than this, all who knew her felt that influence.

" 'Who was so ready as she to welcome any new
movement toward better things, to second any well-
meant endeavor, to encourage the beginner or the toil-
er in all upward aims ? For many a day the best, the
brightest, the most cheering things will seem to us to
be said by her voice, or not so well said, because that
voice is missed. Beyond all the personal attractions
which made her presence such an object of desire
everywhere, this inspiration to all good work was her
gift.

"Now, my friends, all these beautiful things are none
the less lovely, because we have no measure of them,
except anguish, and the irreparable sense of loss. We
have them now in possession, which no time, no
change can take away. The impression which we have
of such things has nothing to do with those which
death can affect.

Fair as that earthly form may have been
while it moved among us, these were not of its nature,
or we would not now be mourning over that form. It
is for us to look up through all this cloud and dark-
ness toward enduring light in the track of so much ex-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 257

cellence. Therefore it is said, 'Blessed be they that
mourn, for they shall be comforted.' Hard and long
as the way of comfort may be, it is the way to the
gate of heaven.

"They who feel the bereavement at its very deepest
through the impress which they bear of such a char-
acter, not only by nearest and most constant associa-
tion, but directly in their frames by inheritance from
it. They, who of all others, feel the loss as most im-
possible to restore, these are the ones most fitted to
renew that excellence.

"Now, it must seem to them as if their best were
but poor to what is gone, but such is the condition of
all highest attainment it must not seem too much
our own. They have each their several advantages
derived in their birth, not only from this noble woman,
but from a companion worthy of her, and the time
will doubtless come when their own children will
faithfully render equal homage to themselves."

About this time George L. Stabler and family re-
turned from the state of Oregon, where they had re-
sided about a year, and again took up their abode at
Ashton, where George entered into the butchering
business. Frances R. Kirk, after long absence in
Philadelphia, returned to her home, Woodburn, to
live.

Robert M. Stabler gathered from about one acre
of ground thirty-nine hundred quarts of strawberries,
a profitable crop, although involving a vast amount
of labor.

Sixth month, 20th. After thirteen days of intense
heat cooling breezes mitigated our sufferings. Many

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

severe storms delayed the harvest, but neither seed-
time nor harvest, heat nor cold, can stem the tide of
boarders and visitors which sets hitherward in this
month ; people and trunks were daily cast upon our
shores, and our season, which never entirely closes,
had fairly opened by this summer influx.

At the home of her son-in-law and daughter,
Thomas J. and Anna G. Lea, on the morning of Sev-
enth month, 2nd, Sarah Ann, wife of Joshua Gilpin,
died in her 87th year. She was buried at Sandy
Spring meeting-house on the 4th. This aged friend
had spent many years of her earlier life in this neigh-
borhood, but after her daughters married and settled
in Rockville, she and her husband made their home
there, returning frequently to visit relatives in our
midst. She was a woman of sterling qualities, much
intelligence and a social disposition, and although her
latter years were clouded by infirmities, including par-
tial loss of sight, she took great interest in meeting
her old friends and neighbors, and attending the "As-
sociation for mutual improvement," of which she had
long been a member.

Almost a hurricane of wind and rain damaged the
shade trees and the growing corn Seventh month, 3d.
This was succeeded by dry, sweltering days and nights
nearly as hard to bear. The grass turned brown and
sere, and the earth parched under the too ardent rays
of the sun. Cloudless skies afforded astronomers
ample opportunity to watch the glorious planet Mars
that was now, comparatively speaking, within signal-
ing distance.

A numerous body of Sandy Spring people went to

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 259

Ocean City, and others fled to the mountains, but
were not able to escape entirely the intense heat even
in resorts warranted to keep cool.

Seventh month, 27th. Admiral James E. Jouett
sold '"The Anchorage" to Mr. Harvey Page, of Wash-
ington, and became again a citizen of the world. The
admiral declared he was thrown in for good measure
with the purchase of the farm, and did not propose to
entirely desert us.

Eighth month, 6th. Mary Brooke, daughter of
Ulric and Mary Janney Hutton, was born.

Fanny Pierce, of Brighton, out of many hundred
competitors, received the prize from an agricultural
paper for the following poem, called

"THE FARMER'S WIFE."

"Ten years today, Jack, I have lived

This blessed country life — ■
Since first I left my city home

To be a farmer's wife.

"I thought that I should miss it so —

The tramp of busy feet,
The ceaseless throb of rushing life —

The faces in the street.

"I thought the country would be tame,

It's interests mean and small;
But then, I could not say you 'No!'

And so I left it all.

"I thought of all I loved and left,

As I came down the aisle;
My thoughts went backward with a sighs

And forward with a smile.

260 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

"And now, the sun sees every day,

Earth's misery and bliss,
And nowhere does he shine upon

A happier lot than this.

"There are no walls to hem us In,

All's open to the sky,
Here I have learned to love the stars,

And watch the clouds go by.

"I watch the birds and squirrels, too,
And claim them for my own,

And trees and grass — how could I live
Where all is brick and stone?

"I love them still, those toil-worn streets,
Where many feet have trod,

The city brings us close to man,
The country near to God.

"To think I ever should have paused
Uncertain — 'twixt the two!

I am so thankful that I chose
The country, Jack — and you.

"This dear old farm! I would not give

One downy peeping brood
Of day-old chicks for all the wealth

Of cities — if 1 could.

"I love my homely household tasks,

I love the fields of grain,
1 love the flowers that lift their headr

To drink the summer rain.

"I love the orchard crowned with fruit,

My garden fair to see;
I love the horses and the cows — •

I know that they love me.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 261

"And, yet, perhaps, it's something else

That lends my life its charm,
You see I love tne farmer, Jack —

And so, I love the farm."

It is pleasant to know that this bright, young woman
finds a constant demand for her fancies in verse, which
are well paid for.

Mary Bentley Thomas, in our past historical year,
has also been compensated for her weekly letters to
the county press, and later on to the Washington Star.

There can be no reason why Sandy Spring brains
should not have a marketable value, and perhaps if we
wait long enough, the great American novel, which is
yet to be written, will emanate from some secluded
farmhouse in our midst.

Eighth month, 19th. Joseph Stanley, son of Sam-
uel B. and Florence M. Wetherald, was born.

Ida Sullivan, the first woman bicyclist, appeared on
our roads, followed soon by others. To some of us
who have not entirely forgotten the delights of riding
on four wheels in a buggy with a congenial compan-
ion, the bicycle and the tricycle seem lonesome and
melancholy innovations. The young man in these
progressive days mounts his wheel and speeds away
solitary and alone ; the young woman spins along so
swiftly that only a very ardent and industrious youth
could ever overtake her. Unless Cupid in contradic-
tion to all past experiences and tradition can learn to
ride a "Columbia" or a "Victor," every state, like
Massachusetts, will soon have seventy-five thousand
unmarried women within her borders. However, this
may be the happier fate, as Dickens pertinently re-

262 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

marked, "It would be a jolly good thing for a great
many couples on their way to be married if they could
be stopped in time and brought back separately."

There was a sale on Eighth month, 29th, of farming
implements and household effects at Mt. Olney, the
home of Granville and Pattie T. Farquhar, prepara-
tory to their removal to Washington to live.

Ninth month, 1st. Tarlton Brooke Stabler and Re-
becca Thomas, daughter of William W. and Mary E.
Moore, were married by Friends' ceremony, at Plain-
field. This beautiful floral wedding was largely attend-
ed by relatives and friends, many coming from a dis-
tance. The young couple went immediately to their
home, "Amersley," which had been most comfortably
prepared for their occupation.

Drought continued until wells began to fail, clouds
of dust filled the air, but, as was pertinently said by
one of our own people, "Dust is a concomitant of civi-
lization, and only follows where the activity of man
has gone before," so we bore it as well as we could.

Sherwood Friends' school opened with forty-two
scholars, which number increased to fifty-four during
the year. The building has been enlarged by the addi-
tion of a vestibule for the girls and two class rooms
are also new. Cornelia Stabler came from New York
City to reside at Cloverly and assist her son, Charles
M. Stabler, principal of the school, who has associated
with him as teachers in various branches Arabella
Hannum, Jessie B. Stabler, Bessie P. M. Thorn, Sarah
Farquhar, Elise Hutton and Sallie P. Brooke.

Ellen Farquhar and Rebecca T. Miller returned in
this month from an extensive tour abroad.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 263

Ninth month, 19th and 20th, many persons, white
and colored, went to Washington to see the great pa-
rade of the Grand Army of the Republic — over 80,000
men in line — and a splendid illumination and electrical
display at night, plainly visible in our skies.

William Brooke, son of the late James W. Brooke,
a member of the G. A. R., came to visit his birthplace,
"Charley Forest," after an absence of thirty-three
years. He noted many changes in that time, and was
only able to recognize three or four of his former ac-
quaintances.

Emily T. Brooke was appointed teacher of the pub-
lic school at Brookeville, and Miss Dove, of Rock-
ville, took charge of the public school at Sandy
Spring. Later on Miss Renshaw and Miss Hender-
son, of Spencerville, were appointed teachers at Oak-
ley school.

Ninth month, 24th. Edward J. Farquhar resumed
his lectures at Alloway, on "Foreign States and Their
Politics." Sandy Spring is more deeply indebted to
this citizen than it, perhaps, realizes. For many years
he has willingly and cheerfully spread before us in
these informal talks the phenomenal store of his var-
ied knowledge on a wide range of subjects, always in-
teresting and full of instruction, and the meetings of
this literary society, which has neither local habitation
nor name, has been continued fortnightly up to this
date to the edification of all in attendance.

Ninth month, 25th. "The Friends' social and re-
ligious circle" convened again, and met at Tangle-
wood. Many boarders and guests still lingered ; our
meetings on first days were invariably large, and the

204 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

acceptable ministrations of several of the younger
members of society stirred the members and renewed
spiritual fires.

As some compensation for the storms of early sum-
mer, the intense heat of later months, and the long-
continued drought, perfect weather came on with the
season once called "the fall of the leaf," but now shorn
of half its title in these hustling days of quick think-
ing, speedy action and curtailed speech.

The foliage, changing slowly, soon presented a
panorama of unusual gorgeousness, many remarking
not only the brilliancy of the autumn tints, but their
long continuance.

Alary S. Hallowell went to Savannah, Ga., to be
assistant teacher in the private school of Emelyn Hart-
ridge, of that city.

Tenth month, 2nd, Washington Hallowell, son of
Washington, jr., and Eliza M. H. Chichester, was
born.

At noon, Tenth month, 4th, Robert E. Marshall, of
Virginia, and Martha Ellicott, daughter of the late
Henry and Mary G. Tyson, were married at Marden
by Episcopal ceremony, in the presence of a few rela-
tives and intimate friends. The young couple drove
away in the brilliant afternoon sunshine, followed by
good wishes and happy predictions. They will reside
in Wilmington, Delaware.

Republican and democratic meetings now prevail-
ed, and the voice of the politician was heard in the
land. Parties and issues were strangely mixed; voters
went to bed republicans and arose democrats, or
vice versa; prohibition and people's candidates, and

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 265

female aspirants appeared in the field. In this multi-
tude gf contending interests all hoped for victory,
while each feared defeat.

On the evening of Tenth month, 6th, a number of
friends called at the home of Charles G. and Jane T.
Porter to congratulate them on attaining the fiftieth
anniversary of their wedding-day, they being the ninth
couple in this community, within the last thirty years,
who have been permitted to live together half a cen-
tury.

Tenth month, 12th. Incorporators of the Washing-
ton, Colesville and Ashton Electric Road met. For
the route from Burnt Mills to Ashton, Robert H. Mil-
ler, Dr. Francis Thomas, Alban G. Thomas, George
Bonefant, Asa M. Stabler and William E. Mannakee
represented our section. There is, of course, some
diversity of opinion as regards the desirability of in-
creased facilities for either getting into, or out of, our
neighborhood. Many are willing the railroad should
run through their front yards, and others think it will
sound the death knell of the pleasant seclusion of real
country life. Relying on past experiences, rather than
future hopes, there seems no immediate danger of any
other method of travel than the stage, or private
conveyance, for some time to come.

Tenth month, 21st and 22nd, members of the
Plainfield, the Cedars, Mt. Airy and Norwood fami-
lies made a pleasant excursion to the Sugar-Loaf
mountain, enjoying on the way the beautiful aspect
of old Montgomery in gayest autumn colors ; the
party was delighted to discover such charming scen-
ery within a dav's ride of their own doors.

266 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

George Nesbitt, jr., returned to his former home,
"Longwood," and resumed farming; he had been for
some years employed in the offices of the Norfolk &
Western Railroad at Roanoke, and Kenova, Virginia.
We have had to note the departure of so many young
men from our midst in past years, let us hope the re-
turning tide has set hitherward.

Tenth month, 27th. A fine barn was successfully'
raised at "Amersley," and this item reminds your his-
torian that in 1887 a barn was built at Ingleside which
received no mention in the historical notes of that
year. It is well to be reminded of these dropped
stitches, and still better to be allowed to take them up
and correct the record.

The appointment of Robert H. Miller, as chief of
the experiment station at the agricultural college,
Prince George county, about this time, met with
general approval from his friends and neighbors ; it
was noteworthy from the fact that in this instance the
office had unquestionably sought the man.

George Tatum and family moved from Howard
county to the farm at the junction of the Hawlings and
Patuxent rivers, known as "The Cliffs," now owned
by Charles R. Hartshorne.

Mrs. Jane Clark, of Massachusetts, the first instruct-
or of the colored people here after the war, made a
visit to the neighborhood and addressed them at
church and school.

Indian summer, which seems to combine the sweet-
ness of all seasons came early in the Eleventh month,
as the poet expresses it,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 267

"Now past the yellow regiments of com,
There came an Indian maiden autumn born —
And June returned and held her by the hand,
And led Times' smiling- Ruth, throughout the land,
A veil of yellow hair was o'er her flung- —
The south wind whispered and the robins isung."

In sharp contrast to the soft beauty of these mild,
hazy days, on Eleventh month, 9th, there was sleet
and snow.

The Chinese-tea inaugurated by Mr. and Mrs.
Henry W. Davis, and others, was given at Olney
Grange hall on the afternoon of the 17th, and was
a great success financially and socially. Many useful
and pretty articles were sold at low prices, and refresh-
ments served at reasonable rates. Over one hundred
dollars was realized, which was devoted to temperance
work and charities in this vicinity.

Eleventh month, 16th, Elizabeth L., daughter of
Charles R. and Nellie L. Hartshorne, was born.

Eleventh month, 19th, Roger B. Farquhar and wife,
of Rock Spring, celebrated their silver wedding ; num-
erous friends and relatives attended this pleasant re-
union. Twelve other new and old brides were brave
enough to array themselves in their wedding gowns,
which ranged in age from two months to twenty-seven
years. Many were exceedingly quaint, but had all, in
their dav, been the very "glass of fashion and mould
of form."

Edward C. Gilpin disposed of a number of lots
varying in size from one to twenty acres, part of a
large tract purchased by the late Albert Gilpin, of Bal-
timore, from the Chandlee heirs. This land was

268 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

mostly sold to colored persons, who have, in our his-
torical year, built several neat houses on their own
land, and a new church below Ashton.

The many friends of Mrs. Cornelia Strain, widow
of the late Capt. Strain were much shocked by her very
sudden death from heart disease, on the 25th, at her
home, near Olney. The interment was in Wash-
ington.

Eleventh month, 27th, nearly all the numerous
friends and nephews and other relatives of our genial
and well-beloved friend, George E. Brooke, called on
him at Brooke Grove, to congratulate him on being
eighty years young, and to wish him happy returns of
his birthday.

The Rev. Mr. Keiffer, of Chambersburg, Pa., gave
a finished discourse at the Lyceum, on the evening
of Eleventh month, 30th. His subject was, "Realism
and Idealism."

"The Woman's Suffrage Association of Maryland"
held its annual meeting. Caroline H. Miller refused
to be reelected president, and Mary Bentley Thomas
was chosen presiding officer. Several original papers
were read and speeches made. Caroline H. Miller,
Mary E. Moore, Sarah T. Miller and Arabella Han-
num were appointed to attend the national conven-
tion at Washington, in the First month.

John C. Bentley, Henry H. Miller, Frank M. Hallo-
well and William Gilpin went on their annual hunt,
this year invading Middlesex county, Va., where they
found abundant game.

Mahlon Kirk, jr., and Miss May Woodward were
married by Episcopal ceremony, Twelfth month, 7th,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 269

at the home of the bride, in Washington, follow-
ing an English custom the young folks came immedi-
ately to "Woodburn," which the family had vacated,
they going on trips while the newly-married couple
remained at home.

Twelfth month, 15th. Intensely cold weather be-
gan, splendid ice was gathered and stored, a long
hard winter was upon us, and there was no cessation
of its rigors for many weeks.

On the afternoon of the 24th the fine barn, com-
paratively new, at Philip T. Stabler s, was totally de-
stroyed by fire, supposed to be caused, as in many
other cases, by the dangerous friction match, the blaze
first appearing in the very top of the building.

Despite an "eager and a searching wind," many
came into the neighborhood on the 24th to revisit
their old homes, and in pleasant family reunions, par-
take of Christmas cheer. While some of the old sup-
erstitions about this festival are dying out, there are
few who do not still deck the house and table with
holly, burn the yule log, and sacrifice the largest tur-
key in the flock on that particular day.

Twelfth month, 29th, at Yuba City, California, B.
Gilpin Stabler died in his fifty-ninth year. It was his
own request that his remains should be brought back
to his old home, and buried by the side of his mother,
to whom he had been most devoted. His funeral ser-
vices were held at the meeting-house, First month,
8th, 1893. He was the first of the large family of ten
children of the late Edward and Ann R. Stabler to
pass away, and though he had wandered far and wide,
it was within sight of his birthplace, "Harewood," that

270 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

he was laid to rest. For eight years previous to his
death he had been successfully engaged in fruit raising
on a ranch in California.

Of excellent abilities and ever ready to extend the
helping hand he did more for others than for himself,
and had that kindliness of heart and delicacy of feel-
ing that secured him many friends and no enemies.

The mercury continued to hover around and below
zero, sleighing was excellent, the ponds and rivers were
deeply frozen, and the young folks merrily skated the
old year out and the new year in on the icy Patuxent,
and we who are nearing our half century mile-post
sagely remarked that it was a real old-fashioned win-
ter, and much more healthful than the half-and-half
seasons of recent years. But few cases of sickness
prevailed, and the remarkable recovery of little Doug-
lass Farquhar from the dangerous operation of trach-
eotomy relieved the whole community from the heart-
felt sympathy and anxiety it had shared for many
weeks with the family at "The Cedars."

Elizabeth B. Smith and daughter, and Arthur Stab-
ler and wife were settled in Baltimore for the winter;
Dr. Francis Thomas and family, M. Edith Farquhar
and Malvinia Miles in Washington ; Caroline H. Mil-
ler went on a long visit to Xew York ; and Mary E .
Gilpin to Baltimore.

Samuel S. Bond secured a situation in Washington.
Walter Scott and wife returned from their homestead
in Florida to take up their abode with us again for a
time.

Elizabeth Scott established a dancing-class at her

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 271

home, for children, and a few of older growth ambi-
tious to "trip the light, fantastic toe."

First month, 24th. President Gilman, of the Johns
Hopkins University, delivered, to an attentive audi-
ence at the Lyceum, a lecture called, "Glimpses of the
Mediterranean," which embraced some interesting
facts regarding the history of the many nations which
live on the shores of this inland sea, and more especi-
ally he explained the great "eastern question," always
convulsing Europe.

At Norbeck, on the very outskirts in one direction of
our rather limitless settlement, appeared about this
time a bright, little paper called "The Anonymous
News," of which John E. Muncaster was editor and
printer.

The annual convention of farmers met at the Lyceum
First month, 31st, 1893, and was largely attended. In
addition to more than two hundred Montgomery
county agriculturists, there were visitors from How-
ard county, Baltimore, the eastern shore of Maryland,
Washington, Alexandria and Fairfax county, Va.

The discussions were animated, and in the end some
of the questions under consideration had to be post-
poned for want of time. Benjamin D. Palmer presid-
ed, and Henry H. Miller and J. Janney Shoemaker
were the secretaries.

The committee on railroad crossings reported that
while there had been some improvement there was still
room for more at Rockville and Silver Spring. Rob-
ert H. Miller presented an article on potato culture,
of much interest and suggestion. The crop reports
from the Senior, the Enterprise and the Montgomery

272 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Clubs were read. The average yield of corn had been
about eight and a-half barrels per acre; wheat, twenty
bushels ; potatoes, fifty bushels ; oats, eighteen bush-
els ; rye, twelve bushels ; hay, a little over one ton.

One member reported one hundred and thirty-six
pounds of butter from one cow, and one had sold $175
worth of eggs from one hundred and twenty-five hens.

A vast amount of cream and butter had been dis-
posed of, but the year had been far from profitable, al-
most even- product falling below rather than above
the average.

The question, "By what practical means can our
county roads be improved and made thoroughfares?"
was discussed. Some thought that the county should
issue bonds sufficient to build good stone roads every-
where ; others that individual effort and unity of action
were all that was needed; others, that national aid
should be extended, as the government expends large
sums annually to remove obstructions from harbors
and rivers ; it might as well improve the public high-
ways, and make it as convenient for the countrvman
to get his wagon to market as his boatload of produce.

On the evening of Second month, 8th, thirty-six
gentlemen, ranging in age from eighteen to seventy-
eight years, were entertained at Plainfield by the
"one-man club," Henry W. Davis.

If it was a brave person who swallowed the first
oyster these gentlemen were heroic in their efforts to
test the many delightful methods in which this cele-
brated bivalve can be prepared and eaten. As the
menu card proclaimed,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 273

"They are good for the sick,
They are good for the well,
They are good in the stevvpan.
They are g-ood in the shell,
They are good as a roast,
They are good as a fry —
Good to stuff turkeys with,
Good in a pie."

Mrs. Davis and a corps of maids and matrons passed
the viands and assisted at the long table spread
through the rooms, brilliantly lighted, and adorned with
blooming plants. The venerable Hadassah J. Moore
looked in a moment to speak a kindly word and wel-
come all to Plainfield. The host at one end of the
ample board, ably assisted by William W. Moore, at
the other, presided admirably.

Three hours were spent most happily as "course
succeeded course," and the "feast of reason and flow
of soul" was uninterrupted.

Letters of regret purporting to come from the
Prince of Wales, Bismarck, Harrison, Cleveland and
Wanamaker were read at intervals by Mr. Davis, and
were responded to with much point and humor by
Henry C. Hallowell, Prof. W. T. Thorn, Charles M.
Stabler, Henry H. Miller and others.

George F. Nesbitt and John C. Bentley sang solos,
and the hunting club gave their ear-splitting chorus
and other songs. Various speeches from gentlemen
"too full for utterance" testified to the success of one
of the most unique and delightful occasions ever en-
joyed in our neighborhood, celebrated for every kind
of society and organization except this latest addition
to the list, "The one-man club."

274 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

If "ease is the lovely result of forgotten toil," it
seemed now as if we had abundant time to cultivate
the amenities in our own homes, and enjoy the leisure
of rural life, which only comes in the depths of winter,
when frequent storms and obstructed roads shut out
the world and confine us closer to our own hearth-
stones.

With the warmth and comfort inside, the pleasant
book, the open fire, who has not dreamed before the
blazing logs of all that Helen Hunt expressed when
she wrote :

"Oh, helpless body of hickory tree!
What do I burn in burning thee?
Summers of sun, winters of snow —
Spring-s full of sap's resistless flow,
All past year's joys of garnered fruits,
All this year's purposed buds and shoots,
Secrets of fields of upper air —
Secrets which stars and planets share.
Lights of such smiles as broad skies fling,
Sounds of such tunes as wild birds sing;
Voices which told where gay birds dwelt,
Voices which told where lovers knelt;
* 0 strong white body of hickory tree,

How dare I burn all these in thee!"

To those who have seeing eyes there can be no
season which does not hold its own peculiar charm,
and the snow-covered fields, the delicate tracery of the
dark, bare trees against the sky, the dull green of the
cedars and pines, toning in with the sleeping world,
are all fraught with beauty and manifold suggestion to
the true lover of nature. We country folk should learn
all the mysteries and get close to the innermost heart

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 275

of the universal mother earth, since we who possess
her woods and fields are her favored children.

After long weary hours of suffering, with brief,
sharp illness, or swift as the lightning stroke, to one
and all must come in time the pale messenger, and
often to those whose hold on life seems most secure
who are in the full tide of maturity and usefulness the
mysterious door is abruptly opened, and the friend we
thought most likely to remain passes through before.

As a great shock came the tidings of the sudden
death of Samuel Hopkins, of White Hall, on the night
of Second month, 15th, in his fifty-fourth year.

He had retired apparently in excellent health, and
in a moment, without a word of warning, he arose
from his bed, took a few steps and fell dead. A manly
man of fine presence and vigorous physique, it seemed
impossible that he was to be laid away, and the beauti-
ful old home so filled with his cheerfulness, the devoted
wife and little children would know him no longer.
He had that knowledge of the world, that experience
of men and affairs that made him a most valuable citi-
zen, and one whose advice was constantly sought. He
was greatly interested in the club and the horticul-
tural ; was an extensive and successful farmer, and the
surrounding country will keenly feel the loss it has
sustained in his untimely death.

Hospitable to a marked degree and generous in
thought and deed, he had constantly helped others
to help themselves, the truest form of charity. Many
persons from Howard and Montgomery counties and
other sections attended his funeral on the afternoon
of the 1 8th, at Woodside Cemetery.

276 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

On the following seventh day afternoon, the Enter-
prise club met at Plainfield, and, after the reading of
the report of the previous meeting of that body, in the
First month, at White Hall, by the secretary pro tern.,
the following tribute was offered :

"It seems fitting that the minutes of the last time
our organization will ever convene at this beautiful
and hospitable home, should conclude with a reference
to the great loss we have sustained. Just four weeks
ago this afternoon we gathered at White Hall, the
guests of our beloved and respected fellow-member,
Samuel Hopkins, and now we have to chronicle his
most unexpected demise, on the morning of Second
month, 18th, 1893, called in an instant, as it were, from
works to reward. One of the first to join the Enter-
prise club his interest had never flagged in the twenty-
seven years of its existence. Whole-souled, generous,
cheerful, the friend alike of rich and poor, old and
young, what he was to us individually and collectivelv,
we may partly compute, knowing that he was even
more valuable to the community in which his lines
were cast.

"We believe that the seed sown by the life and char-
acter of this faithful comrade, good citizen and de-
voted husband and father will yet bear fruit a hundred-
fold in Howard county."

Second month, 23rd. The second of the regular
course of lectures was delivered by Anson A. Maher,
of Wilmington, Delaware. His subject, "Travels in
South Central Africa,'' followed by incidents of the
Zulu war, in which the Prince Imperial of France lost
his life, was a very interesting narrative, indeed.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 277

The Sandy Spring library, after an existence sup-
ported by subscription and donation of fifty years,
was declared absolutely free to all responsible per-
sons by action of the board of directors, and Mary
Fowler continued as librarian. About this time a new
industry was inaugurated in the establishment of a
daily milk-route from the farms of Edward P. Thomas
and George Willson. Cream has flowed towards the
District in a steady stream for some years, but if we can
now induce the inhabitants of neighboring cities to
use our skim-milk we will be fortunate in disposing of
our surplus, as most of us have observed that while
there is a great deal of skim-milk, so to speak, along
life's pathway, there is generally a very small propor-
tion of cream.

Third month, ist. Alban G. Thomas, Avho has been
for twenty-two and a-half years engaged in business
at Ashton, associated J. Wallace Bond with him, the
new firm to continue business under the name of A.
G. Thomas & Co. E. Clifton Thomas entered the es-
tablishment as clerk.

Third month, 2nd. At a directors' meeting and the
twenty-fifth anniversary of the establishment of the
savings institution of Sandy Spring, the treasurer, Jos-
eph T. Moore, submitted a report and resume of the
corporation since its inception, Third month, 30th,
1869.

Of the twenty-six gentleman named as incorporators
in its charter of that date, eleven have died, four re-
signed, and eleven still remain as members of the
board. In this quarter of a century over a million
dollars have been received from depositors, over $820,-

278 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

ooo returned to them, and $125,000 paid out in inter-
est. The treasurer recommended that in view of the
amount of surplus on hand, and in commemoration of
this twenty-fifth anniversary, an extra dividend of two
per cent, in addition to the regular four per cent,
should be declared, which was promptly acted on and
approved by the board of directors. The same officers
continue in charge of this institution ; Charles G. Por-
ter, president ; Robert R. Moore, vice-president ; Jos-
eph T. Moore, treasurer, and Allan Farquhar, sec-
retary.

On Christmas day, 1892, our esteemed friend, Rich-
ard T. Kirk, of Fair Hill, had a severe fall, which frac-
tured the bones of his leg. Other complications seem-
ed to arise from this accident, and he lingered in much
pain and discomfort until Third month, 5th, wThen
death released him from all earthly suffering. Devot-
edly nursed by his family and neighbors through all
these weary months, he evinced the most patient and
uncomplaining spirit, and was resigned to the inevit-
able change which he anticipated with a calmness that
knew no fear. Born and reared in Sandy Spring, his
long life of nearly seventy-four years had been spent
closely at home, where his hospitality and great kind-
ness of heart drew around him hosts of friends.

Almost from its organization a member and con-
stant attender of Olnev grange, he had supervised the
construction of the hall, faithfully served the patrons
in the distribution of goods, and at the meetings had
extended to all the cheerful word, the cordial welcome
and the helping hand. To many of us who were edu-
cated at Fair Hill boarding-school, his unfailing kind-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 279

ness and genial nature are among the pleasa itest recol-
lections of our youthful days.

A very large number of persons attended his fun-
eral on the afternoon of the 6th, and followed his re-
mains to the meeting-house, where he was laid to rest.

Among other fitting tributes Henry E. Davis, of
Washington, spoke feelingly of the cordial good-
fellowship, the unfailing hospitality and tenderness of
the deceased, those attributes that make the world
better for having been, and that live in sweet remem-
brance long after our friend has departed from our
sight.

A fall of snow, accompanied by a fierce wind, Third
month, 4th, had made the travel extremely uncomfort-
able for numerous parties going to the inauguration
in Washington, and still worse for viewing the page-
ant after they arrived, but this was as nothing com-
pared to the return trip at night, as the roads were
blocked by immense drifts, dangerous to man and
beast. For many years there has been no winter to
compare with the one just past in blockaded high-
ways. The pikes have all been shoveled or plowed
out from three to five times, and at the present writ-
ing, under sheltered banks the remains of these great
drifts are still found.

Although our people may wander far and settle in
distant states and cities, we still claim them for our
own, and take a pardonable pride in their well-being
and advancement. It is therefore pleasant to note that
several of our young men in our St. Louis colony,
Robert M. and J. Elgar Hallowell, Walter H. and
Robert H. Brooke, have all been recently promoted to

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

more lucrative positions, and that their employers ex-
pressed a desire for twenty more just such boys, from
Sandy Spring.

Out of consideration for our girls we protest against
such wholesale robbery, even if our supply could equal
the demand.

The Rev. W. McK. Hammock, the Methodist
minister at Ashton, removed to Elk Horn, W. Ya.,
and was replaced by the Rev. William Harris, in the
same pastoral charge.

On the morning of the Third month, 23d, Mary H.
Chandlee, of Homewood, passed peacefully away, in
her seventy-eighth year, after brief illness, surrounded
by her devoted daughters, whose tender care she had
been in her old age, and who could truly rise up and
call her blessed. This lovely, gentle friend had gone
through deep trials in early life, from which she had
emerged clothed in that peace "which passeth under-
standing."

After the death of her husband. Dr. Edward Chand-
lee, many years ago, in Pennsylvania, she removed
her young family of seven daughters to our neighbor-
hood, and established herself at Homewood. Alone
in her great responsibility of caring for so many little
children, she was most judicious in her management,
never issuing a command, but rather making a re-
quest, which was sufficient to ensure obedience, and
she struggled successfully to raise, educate and make
them self-supporting. She was a remarkable example
of the result to be obtained by a consistent life of recti-
tude, industry and frugality.

Contentment and refinement, twin blessings, sur-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPKING. 281

rounded her, and her kind, unobtrusive manner en-
deared her to all who entered her hospitable door. In
the laying down of life's burdens, and the severing of
closest ties, what can be better or more consoling than
the thought that peace and serenity went hand in hand
with the loved one, through the portal we call death,
into a brighter and higher existence.

Charles M. Stabler, principal of Sherwood Friends'
school, sent in his resignation, to take effect in June,
and Arabella Hannum, so long and favorably con-
nected with this institution, is to become the success-
or of the present incumbent, with Bessie P. M. Thorn
as assistant principal.

Charles G. Wilson moved from New Jersey to Dr.
Francis Thomas' farm, Lucknow, which he will man-
age. Some additions and improvements have been
made to the house he will occupy.

There is nothing truer than the familiar couplet,

"A little mon sense now and then
Is relished by the wisest men,"

and seldom, or never, have these walls resounded to
such laughter and merriment as on the evening of
the 30th. Henry W. Davis displayed his facile genius
to the admiring throng, and proved to a packed audi-
ence that to be able to pass from a Caucasian gentle-
man to an Ethiopian buffoon, and to make a hundred
laugh when only one had laughed before, is to be a
public benefactor, and to possess an unusual gift. His
"minstrels" assisted him as ably as if born to burnt
cork rather than the purple, and entertained us delight -
fullv with instrumental music, dance and chorus, and

282 ANNANS 01 SANDY SPRING.

those sweet, old-fashioned negro melodies, so full of
pathos and memories of ante-bellum times, now hap-
pily past and gone forever, but still lingering in the
songs of a captive race. The proceeds of these festive
hours are to be devoted to the Sandy Spring and
Grange libraries.

Despite the cry that "farming seldom or never
pays," and that the tiller of the soil works harder, and
receives less compensation than any other laborer, our
inhabitants have apparently, in our historical year, not
rusted out at home for lack of means to go abroad.
Ellen Farquhar and Rebecca T, Miller returned from
an extensive tour through Europe and part of Africa.
Alban G. Thomas and wife went to Denver and Xew
Mexico ; Robert H. Miller to Xew Orleans ; Warwick
P. Miller and Corrie M. Brooke, to Minnesota : M .
Beatrix Tyson to England; Joseph T. Moore and wife
to the Catskills and Lake Mohonk ; Isaac and Charles
Hartshorne, and Mary Bentley Thomas, to Massachu-
setts; Benj. H. Miller to California, Oregon and Da-
kota ; Jos. T. Moore, jr., to Xew York and Xiagara ;
Catherine Stabler returned from Missouri and other
western states ; Mary and Emma Stabler went to Xew
York and Malvinia Miles to Florida.

Besides these who are particularly mentioned, be-
cause they have traveled many hundreds or thousands
of miles, as the case may be, nearly everyone else has,
either on business or pleasure bent, made shorter ex-
cursions to neighboring states, cities and seaside re-
sorts.

The art of narrative was to those who lived in the
early dawn of history the only means of transmitting

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 283

the facts on which the whole structure of our political
and moral economy is now based, and in its light we
realize that we are the same our fathers have been, run
the same race, think the same thoughts, with only the
modification of changed condition.

If I could happily spread before you a dissertation
on ancient instead of contemporaneous history I
might let imagination have full play, and offer you
something "startlingly new under the sun," but each
year I am handicapped by the knowledge that my rec-
ords are entirely familiar to my audience. I can only
hope, therefore, to renew the rippling laugh at joys
tasted, or the sympathetic tear when one is mentioned,
now treading the shores "where tideless sleeps the sea
of time."

The every-day incidents of our little world, our glad
outgoings, our sad incomings, our various interests
and occupations — these are the unyielding facts I have
endeavored to fittingly set to proper description. I
can only hope to remind you of what you have done
in the past and induce you to furnish me with all the
items you can in the coming year, which will be the
tenth, and should certainly be the last of my service
in this office.

However short and simple the annals of each indi-
vidual existence, it is of intense personal value, and
goes to show the workings of providence, and to
influence for good or ill the whole community. For
the young who have all the untried possibilities of life
before them, and, indeed, for all of us, how important
it is to

284 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPEING.

"Think truly — and thy thought
Shall the world's famine feed;
Speak truly, and thy word
Shall be a fruitful seed;
Live trulv — and thy life shall be
A great and noble creed."

CHAPTER XL

From Fourth Month, 1893, to Fourth Month, 1894.

One hundred and forty persons from Sandy Spring- visit
the World's Fair, at Chicago — S. Stanley Brown and
the Eev. J. T. Kieffer lectured — Extracts from min-
utes of the Senior Club of 1844 — Obituaries of Sallie
Pleasants Brooke. Marcella Sullivan, Mary H. Brooke,
Louise Tennant Miller, Elisha John Hall, Louise P.
Nesbitt, Edith D. Bentley, Guion Miller, jr., and Mar-
garet Miller.

At the annual meeting of the Lyceum Company
Fourth month, 3rd, 1893, Charles E. Bond was
elected president, Sarah T. Moore secretary, and the
following board of directors : John Thomas, Frank
M. Hallowell, Mary Bentley Thomas, Susannah L.
Thomas, and Rebecca T. Miller.

Frances D. Stabler, after one year's trial and trib-
ulation with the weather, and having submitted a
most interesting report, declined to be meteorologist
any longer. Charles A. Iddings was therefore ap-
pointed in her place, with Harold Stabler as assistant.

Fourth month, 6th. The whist club was enter-
tained at Norwood by Henry W. Davis and wife ;

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 285

and after a pleasant evening adjourned for the season.

Forest fires prevailed in many places ; smoke and
the odor of burning brush filled the air. A sprinkle
of rain on the 7th was welcome, and on the 10th a
downpour, greatly needed, followed a hot Sabbath,
when the mercury reached seventy-five, and the buds
and leaves burst out on shrubs and trees.

Fourth month, 12th. The amateur minstrel
troupe, led by Henry W. Davis, performed at Bright-
on grange hall for the benefit of the rectory of St.
John's church at Brookeville.

R. Rowland Moore removed his family to West-
moreland county, Virginia, to spend several months
in primitive fashion near the great woods that he is
rapidly reducing to railroad ties.

All the schools gave half-holiday on Arbor day,
but owing to inclement weather fewer trees than usual
were planted.

It would seem as if this important yearly duty
should be zealously performed, as the great ad-
vantage of adding to the shade along our roads and
byways becomes more apparent to the practical mind,
and the poet has beautifully transcribed the blessings
that descend on the planting of trees :

"What does he plant who plants a tree?
He plants the friend of sun and sky,
He plants the flag- of breezes free,
The shaft of beauty towering- hig-h.
He plants a home to heaven anigh,
The song- and mother croon of bird,
In hushed and happy twilight heard,
The treble of heaven's harmony —
These things he plants who plants a tree.

286 ANNALS OF SANDY SPKIXG.

"What does he plant who plants a tree?

He plants cool shade and tender rain,

And seed and bud of days to be,

And years that flush and fade again.

He plants the glory of the plain,

He plants the forest heritage,

The harvest of a coming age,

The joy that unborn even shall see —

These things he plants who plants a tree.

"What does he plant who plants a tree?
He plants the leaf and sap and wood,
In love of home and loyalty.
And far cast thought of civic good.
His blessing on the neighborhood,
Who in the hollow of his hand
Holds all the growth of all the land;
A nation's growth from sea to sea,
Stirs in his heart who plants a tree."

The surveyors of the electric road between Balti-
more and Washington, via Clarksville and Ashton,
completed their labors on the 13th ; this time leav-
ing the latter metropolis out in the cold, as the route
runs through the valley beyond, cutting in twain the
farms of A. G. Thomas and Robert H. Miller.

Dr. Francis Thomas and wife returned from Wash-
ington where they had spent the winter, and on the
evening of the 24th gave a large reception to their
son, William F., and his bride, Pearle Shepherd
Cooke, to whom he had been married Third month,
29th, in Norfolk, Virginia.

Fourth month 27th, Sallie Pleasants, widow of the
late Roger Brooke, jr., of Willow Grove, died in her
seventy-ninth year, at Oak Hill, the home of her son-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 2S7

in-law and daughter Frederick and Martha R. Stab-
ler. On an afternoon of exquisite spring verdure and
mingled light and shadow, she was borne from
thence to the old burying-ground at the meeting-
house.

In this simple record there will be recalled to all
the pleasant memory of one of the best, most tender-
hearted, whole-souled wife, mother and friend in our
whole community. Coming from her native state,
Virginia, a young bride, to the home of her husband
many years ago, her entire life was spent, with but
short visits passed elsewhere, in our midst. The de-
voted mother of a large family, the mistress of a
hospitable home, her cares were many and varied,
but her helpfulness, her kindly nature, was never
strained beyond the unselfish word and deed, ever
her gift to all with whom she came in contact. Her
active, intelligent mind was cultivated by a constant
feast of good reading, and while living closely in her
home, and for its inmates, she gathered from the out-
side those stores of general information that often
make the busy wife and mother the most delightful
and congenial companion for all ages. After her
children had reached maturity, and most of them
settled in their own homes, she went about among
them for longer or shorter periods, as the case might
be, but returned to that old rooftree which had ever
been the happiest spot of earth to her, until seized by
her last illness, which was of short duration.

Not only could her own descendants rise up and
call her blessed, but the orphan children of her
brother whom she had taken into her large house-

288 ANNALS t)F SANDY SPRING.

hold and reared as her own, were equally indebted
to her tender care. At her funeral one of her sons
and several sympathizing friends paid beautiful tri-
butes to her many excellent traits of heart and char-
acter.

I cannot, perhaps, more fittingly close this than by
some extracts from a little poem written, in loving
remembrance of her, by one of her grandsons.

"The years rolled by like the river,
And the days and months came fast,
When she. like the flowers of autumn,
Met death, and ±a one of the past.

'"As she lay in her coffin sleeping",
A sleep that would wake no more —
The voice of our father whispered,
She has gone to the beautiful shore.

"She was kind and dear to her children,
And taught them as she knew best,
To do as she said and directed,
And leave to Goa the rest.

"May those who now come after,

Follow the life she led,

And think sometimes of her dear sweet face,

Who looked to God as its head."

Fifth month, 14th, John J. Cornell attended
Friends' meeting and spoke to a large and apprecia-
tive gathering.

Heavy rains, chilly days, weather uncertain, coy
and hard to realize that it was the last spring month,
continued, while fires and winter clothing were still
in order to keep comfortable.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Pattie R. Stabler and Mary P. Brooke sold to Ho-
bart Hutton their farm which lies upon both sides
of Rock Creek about two miles from Rockville.

Henry H. Miller resigned the office of postmaster
at Sandy Spring and Samuel B. Wetherald, who had
acted as deputy for a number of years, was appointed
to the position.

Anna M. Farquhar attended for some months the
school of design in Baltimore and Emma T. Stabler
of Edgewood went to Ireland with friends who re-
side there part of each year.

Fifth month, 31st, Marcella, widow of the late Rob-
ert Sullivan and daughter of Lydia G. and the late
Edward Thomas, died at the home of her son Mil-
ton, in Camden, Xew Jersey. Her remains v
brought to her home, and the funeral services were
held at the M. E. Church. Ashton, on the afternoon
of Sixth month, 2nd. She was in her fifty-ninth year
and had been a consistent member of the Methodist
section for some time previous to her sudden death.

Sixth month, 5th. The mercury sprang up into
the nineties and, as if only waiting for sufficient heat
to begin, the baseballers had an exciting game at
Sherwood, where the little fellows carried off the
honors from their elders and instructors.

At Norwood Sixth month, 8th, Milton H. Bancroft,
of Massachusetts, and Margaret Corlies, daughter of
Joseph T. and the late Anna L. Moore, were mar-
ried by Friends' ceremony.

A large company of relatives and friends graced
this occasion, memorable for the profusion of roses
and other flowers which made the house a bower of

~,(JU ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

bloom and perfume. The young couple went to
Philadelphia to reside.

Sixth month, nth. Sandy Spring quarterly meet-
ing was held. John J. Cornell, Lydia Price, Allan
Flitcraft and wife, all ministers, were present. The
business meeting on the twelfth was unusually long,
but interesting.

Sixth month, 19th. Beatrix Tyson, daughter of
Jos. T., jr., and Estella Tyson Moore, was born.

Seventh month, 4th. Mary Hallowell, daughter of
William S. and the late Mary Hallowell Brooke, died
at her home, near Gaithersburg, Maryland, in her
twenty-ninth year. Her remains were brought to
Sandy Spring and buried at the meeting-house on the
6th inst. Her life had been full of suffering and one
long battle with disease ; it seemed as if this journey
must end in "welcome to the weary," and in the peace
that follows after conflicts patiently borne.

This brief mention of one whose sojourn on earth
was such a baptism of pain would be incomplete with-
out reference to the untiring devotion of an elder
sister, and of one who so lovingly and conscientiously
filled the place vacated by the young mother when
Mary was almost an infant.

Severe rain-storms the last of the Sixth month
made harvest a weariness to the flesh, did much dam-
age to the crops, and wheat, destined to be sold at
sixty cents or less a bushel, brought the unfortunate
farmer in debt.

Seventh month, 14th, Frederick, son of Tarleton
B. and Rebecca T. Stabler, was born.

George L. Stabler purchased from Hallie I. Lea

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 291

five acres of land, just beyond Eldon, and erected
thereon a comfortable house for his own occupation.

Seventh month, 24th, John Hall, son of John H. and
Sallie Randolph Janney, was born.

Eighth month, 5th, at Stanmore, Louise Tennant,
infant daughter of George B. and Zaidie T. Miller,
died, aged three months, and was buried on the morn-
ing of the 7th, in the Sandy Spring meeting-house
ground. These afflicted parents had much sympathy
in the loss of their sweet baby, and the sad termina-
tion of a visit to its grandmother, Caroline H. Miller,
they had so joyfully anticipated.

Anna M. Stabler, a visitor from New York, spoke
on "Theosophy," at Alloway, to an eager audience.
Immediately afterwards she sailed for England to
take the position of secretary to the theosophical son
ciety during the absence of Mrs. Annie Besant in
America, whose duties she performed acceptably for
seven months.

Eighth month, 22nd. A tennis tournament was
held at Alloway. One hundred and fifty people as-
sembled, and about one-third participated in the
games. Mary Shoemaker, of Germantown, won the
prize for "ladies' singles," and George H. Brooke car-
ried off the honors for men. Dr. S. I. Scott, Samuel
Wetherald and Henry H. Lizear won nearly all the
prizes at Sea Girt in the shooting match, and were
reported to have left the range behind, and not much
else.

These outdoor sports were all-pervading, and as
long as Sandy Spring was on the winning side were

202 ANNALS OF SAND* SPRING.

viewed by our people with a self-complacency diffi-
cult to match and impossible to exceed.

Eighth month, 24th. A fair was held and concert
given at Olney grange hall under the auspices of
members of St. John's Episcopal Church. Several of
our neighborhood people, as well as the boarders
within our gates, kindly assisted.

On the afternoon of Eighth month, 25th, Eliza N.
Moore, on her fiftieth birthday, gave a children's
party at Norwood, to Estelle Tyson Moore, jr., who
had that day attained her third year. Out of seventy-
nine children invited seventy-five were present, rang-
ing in age from two months to twelve years. Seventy-
one grown persons, from the young mother with her
first babe, to the great-grandfather of eighty-one,
looked on at this beautiful sight.

After an early tea on the lawn the coming genera-
tion departed, leaving with their host and hostess
the recollection of a most charming scene that will
not fade while memory lasts.

On the evening of the 28th and through the night,
a furious wind-storm prevailed, and the long-delayed
rain was upon us. The morning light disclosed the
havoc the gale had wrought. Noble trees were prone,
branches torn and twisted, the ground covered with
leaves and debris. Apples and pears lay in heaps,
bruised and useless; corn was laid low and greatly
damaged. The large and beautiful willow that shad-
ed the southeast end of Norwood house was uproot-
ed and measured its great length on the ground. But
it was destined later to a useful end, as the sound
logs were purchased by parties from Washington to

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. * 293

be made into artificial legs and arms, proving in this
unexpected disposal of the fine old tree the truth of the
adage that "It is an ill wind that blows nobody any
good."

Four dances, one german, one straw-ride, and two
baseball games during the last week of the Eighth
month attested the determination of youthful Sandy
Spring to have amusement at any cost.

On Ninth month, ioth, Elisha John Hall died at his
residence, near Brookeville, after long suffering from
acute disease. He was born at Greenvale, near Bal-
timore, and came to this county in 1832, as assistant
teacher in Brookeville Academy. After remaining
one year he entered college, but was called to the office
of principal, in 1836, upon the resignation of Dr. N.
C. Brooke. In 1851 Mr. Hall resigned to take charge
of Longwood farm, on the outskirts of Brookeville,
but was again induced to hold the school together
until E. B. Prettyman was elected principal in 1853.

Mr. Hall then became a member of the board of
trustees, and as chairman of the building committee
of the present handsome structure, he rendered valu-
able service.

In 1869 he became president of the board, succeed-
ing the late Allan Bowie Davis, and held this office
without missing a meeting or a single examination
until his fatal illness. He was a member of St. John's
parish, and afterwards of St. Luke's, the oldest church
organization in that section of the country. He rep-
resented this district in the legislature before the war,
and during the war he held a federal office under the

294 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Hon. Montgomery Blair, postmaster-general in Lin-
coln's cabinet.

In 1876-7 he was elected president of the agricul-
tural society. He was identified with the senior farm-
ers' club, organized in 1844, and also with the horti-
cultural society, being an interested and valuable
member of each. In all educational work he was ever
in the front rank, and many of our leading citizens re-
ceived their first and only training from his masterly
mind. He married Mary, daughter of the venerable
Roger Brooke, of Brooke Grove, who died several
years ago.

The funeral services were conducted on the morn-
ing of the 13th at Longwood, and the remains interred
in Woodside cemetery.

The various private and public schools punctually
resumed their sessions. Emily T. Brooke again took
charge of the public school at Brookeville, and Sallie
P. Brooke was appointed to a similar position at
Emory. Emma Schirer, of Rockville, was made
teacher of the public school at Sandy Spring, and
Rose Henderson resumed her duties at Oakley. Sher-
wood Friends' school reopened with forty-four schol-
ars in attendance ; Belle AY. Hannum and Elizabeth
P. M. Thorn as principals, with Sarah B. Farquhar
assistant, and Augusta X. Thomas and Edna \ .
Thomas pupil teachers.

Ninth month. 29th. Frederick, son of Ernest and
Minnie Rust Iddings, was born at Riverside.

Tenth month, 3rd. Mahlon Kirk, son of Mahlon,
jr., and May Woodward Kirk, was born, the fourth
in direct line to bear this name.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 295

Marion Haviland and Dr. William Tatum were
married on Tenth month, 9th, at Ashton meeting-
house by Friends' ceremony. They will reside near
her parents at Leawood Mills.

On the evening of Tenth month, nth, Clarence Lea
Gilpin and Rose M., daughter of Frederick and Mar-
tha R. Stabler, were married by Friends' ceremony,
at Oak Hill, the residence of the bride's parents. The
house, as is customary here, was beautifully decorated
with flowers. The young couple went immediately
to the old Chandlee place, which had been somewhat
remodeled and rechristened "Delia Brooke," for their
occupation.

Tenth month, 17th. Albert Stabler and Lena,
daughter of Bernard T. Janney, of Washington, were
married at the home of the bride, in that city, by
Friends' ceremony. They have gone to housekeeping
in Washington.

Tenth month, 28th. Edward L. Gilpin, of Sandy
Spring, was married by Methodist ceremony to M .
Josephine Jones, of Norbeck. After a short trip the
bride and groom returned to live in the old Gilpin
homestead.

Beginning almost with the opening ceremonies in
May, and lasting until the end of Otcober, our inhabi-
tants had been, by twos and threes, up to parties of
fifteen or twenty, visiting the Columbian exposition
at Chicago. Each group of tourists enthused those
who remained at home until the number that finally
made the long journey and enjoyed the wonderful
sights of the most beautiful city ever built, exceeded
all expectations. Samuel P. and Elizabeth G.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Thomas, and Edith D. Bentley, were the oldest per-
sons, and Marion Farquhar and Morris Stabler, the
youngest, who went from our midst. Those who did
not go seemed doubly unfortunate in missing more
than they could ever imagine, and in having to listen
to the perpetual world's fair "talk," in season and out
of season, of all who returned enraptured with the
magnificent buildings, the "court of honor." the fairy-
like illumination, the limitless exhibit, the marvelous
detail of every department, making the perfection of
the whole.

Dr. Francis Thomas went three times to the fair,
and Eliza N. Moore, Mortimer O. Stabler, Charles E.
Bond and Belle W. Hannum each enjoyed a second
trip. One hundred and fifty persons in all are the
happy possessors of untold treasures regarding the
white city laid up in memory.

Very fine weather prevailed the last of the Tenth
month, and many Friends attended Baltimore Yearly
Meeting.

Eleventh month, 4th. Dr. Francis and Beulah L.
Thomas celebrated their silver wedding, and despite
a stormy evening, nearly one hundred relatives and
friends, many from a distance, were present at this
very pleasant affair, which was also graced by most of
the bridesmaids and groomsmen of twenty-five years
ago.

Eleventh month, 6th. M. Beatrix Tyson returned
from a year's sojourn with her sister in England, and
Emma T. Stabler from a six months' visit to Ireland.

Eleventh month. 9th. A large company assembled
at Stanmore, invited by Caroline II. Miller, to sew

ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING. 297

for the South Carolina sufferers in response to an ap-
peal for help from Miss Clara Barton. Many new
garments were made, and old ones repaired. The sew-
ing-bee adjourned to meet at Clifton on the i£th, and
continue the good work.

Eleventh month, ioth, Francis, son of Henry H.
and Helen Gray Miller, was born.

Charles B. Magruder and Roger B. Farquhar, jr.,
entered the George school, near Philadelphia, where
Charles M. Stabler has a professorship. Edward Far-
c,uhar was made professor of higher English at the
Columbian University, Washington. The sporting
reports were now of special interest to many in our
neighborhood.

George H. Brooke, after graduating at Swarth-
more, entered the Pennsylvania University to take a
special course of study, and to hold the illustrious
position of full-back in their football team. He soon
not only had his name, fame and portrait in most of
the papers, but had "kicked" and "punted" himself
into a national renown impossible to attain at any
college, in these muscular days, except on the athletic
field.

"Barney," a dog belonging to the Sandy Spring
hunting club, traveled by express to Portsmouth, New
Hampshire, and won the first prize for the best all
round foxhound, winning altogether five prizes
against a field of hounds from all over the United
States.

Eleventh month, 15th. After a rainy day and night
it was a surprise in the early morning to find the
ground white with the first snow of the season.

298 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Eleventh month, 17th. Elizabeth Powell Bond,
dean of Swarthmore college, lectured before the schol-
ars and many invited guests of Sherwood Friends'
school. Her subject, "The Boyhood of William Lloyd
Garrison and Ralph Waldo Emerson," was most
agreeably treated.

George L. Stabler moved from Ashton to his new
house on the Brighton road, and the cottage he had
vacated was occupied by Walter H. Brooke and fam-
ily, the latter renting his farm near Colesville to
George Willson.

George Tatum, formerly of Howard county, ex-
changed some New Jersey property with Mrs. Annie
Tillum for the convenient house erected a few years
ago, near Brighton, by the late Dr. Frank Tillum.

Mrs. Sallie Ellicott and daughter, who had resided
at the Tillum place for some time, moved to Balti-
more temporarily. Dr. Francis Thomas and family
went to Washington for the winter, Elizabeth Tyson
to Florida, and Pattie T. Farquhar joined her hus-
band, Granville, who had a position in Washington,
where Benjamin H. Miller took an office, and engag-
ed in the life insurance business.

Olney grange held its annual meeting for an elec-
tion of officers on Twelfth month, 5th, with the fol-
lowing result : John C. Bentley, master ; George F.
Nesbitt, jr., overseer; Rebecca T. Miller, lecturer;
Dr. French Green, chaplain ^Elizabeth T. Stabler, sec-
retary ; Mortimer O. Stabler, treasurer ; Grafton Hol-
land, steward ; Clarence L. Gilpin, assistant steward ;
Alleta Waters, lady assistant steward ; Xewton Stabler,
gatekeeper ; Mrs. Catherine Janney, Ceres, Mrs. Cath-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 299-

erine Beall, flora, and Mrs. Jeannie Mackall, Pomona.

Twelfth month, 6th, Edward, son of Frank and
Fanny B. Snowden, was born.

Twelfth month, 13th. Dr. William I. Hull, of
Swarthmore college, delivered, before the pupils of
Sherwood school, a very interesting and instructive
lecture on the "Stone Age."

Twelfth month, 20th, Robert, son of Washington,
jr., and Eliza Hallowell Chichester, was born.

Beautiful weather, almost too warm for the season,
made the Christmas gatherings doubly enjoyable for
the many strangers who had ventured into the
country.

First month, 1st, '94. All persons who had visited
the Columbian exposition were invited to call at Fall-
ing Green on this day, between the hours of two and
ten p. m. A large company gathered, and were
greatly entertained by the appropriate mottos which
adorned the walls, and by a book in which each one
was invited to inscribe his or her name and what most
impressed them in the beautiful white city. The
"Wellington catering company" was liberally pa-
tronized by all, and the free lunch furnished was super-
ior in every particular to its prototype in Chicago.
All seemed to renew their enthusiasm about the fair,
and a most unique and delightful entertainment was
the result.

The "grippe" appeared about this time, and while
not nearly so general and severe as in past years, it
attacked many persons with the usual miserable siege
of suffering and after-effects. Measles and whoop-
ing-cough also swept through the community.

■ u

300 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

At the annual meeting of the Mutual Fire Insur-
ance Company, First month, ist, all the officers were
reelected, and Benjamin D. Palmer was appointed
clerk.

First month, 2nd. The Rev. Frederic Power, of
shington, grave a very original lecture at the Ly-
ceum on "Blockheads

Edward P. Thomas established in Washington the
"Belmont dairy," and E. Clifton Thomas and George
B. Farquhar went there to take charge of it. Dr.
Francis Thomas opened a coal-yard and feed store,
and associated with him in this enterprise his son,
William F. Thomas. Llewellyn Stabler secured a
clerkship in Baltimore, with Edward Stabler, jr. Rus-
sell Stabler, late soldier of U. S. Army, having passed
a creditable civil service examination, received the ap-
pointment of postal clerk.

First month. 17th. The woman suffrage association
held its yearly meeting at the Lyceum, and balloting
for officers resulted in the following election : Mary
Bentley Thomas, president ; Rebecca T. Miller, vice-
president ; James P. Stabler, secretary ; Belle W. Han-
num, treasurer. The meeting adjourned to Baltimore
on the 13th of Second month, upon which ocasion
Su^an B. Anthony addressed a crowded house, and
seventy new names were added to the roll.

First month, 18th. A very enjoyable entertainment
was given at the Lyceum for the benefit of the si.
ing and homeless people on the South Carolina coast.
A large audience enjoyed some excellent singing from
the Sandy Spring quartet, and a farce. "The Sleep-
ing-Car," admirably rendered by Mrs. Charles F.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 301

Kirk, Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Davis, Mortimer O.
Stabler, J. Janney Shoemaker, Llewellyn Stabler and
Clarence Gilpin.

First month, 20th. Fifty persons assembled at Mt.
Airy, and many old garments were mended and sev-
eral dozen made for the same worthy object — the
drowned-out sufferers on the southern coasts. This
was a stirring day for Sandy Spring ; in addition to this
large sewing, the three agricultural clubs met in the
afternoon and "Phrenaskeia" convened in the even-
ing. It does not seem possible that many persons will
die of inactivity, or be permitted to rust-out in this
community.

First month, 23rd. A fine display of world's fair
pictures, and a lucid explanation of them by an ama-
teur photographer, Mr. Jackson, cf Wilmington,
Delaware, was given at the Lyceum to the delight of
many who) had enjoyed the original scenes.

The weather continued temperate and beautiful, and
plows were constantly going in the fields, but this
advantage to the farmer was counterbalanced by the
dearth of ice. Only one freeze that was worth stor-
ing at all, and but few secured this, hoping for better,
which, however, did not come.

Second month, 3rd, Mary Elizabeth, daughter of
R. Rowland and Margaret G. T. Moore, was born at
Plainfield.

On Second month, 3rd, Louise, only daughter of
Louisa P. and George F. Nesbitt, died suddenly in
Washington, whither she had gone for medical treat-
ment, in her twenty-seventh year. Her remains were
brought to her home, Longwood, and from there in-

302 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

terred in Woodside cemetery on the 7th. The follow-
ing obituary- was prepared by one of her young
friends, who had known and loved her well :

'Tor a number of years this brave and lovable girl
had been a great sufferer, but so cheerful was her dis-
position, and so strong her determination to be well,
that even those nearest to her were not prepared for
the sudden end. She had the gentlest of natures, and
a heart overflowing with love to all God's creatures.
With such traits of character as daughter, sister,
friend, she will be mourned by all who knew her, by
all who felt her bright influence, and her short exist-
ence ended leaves the memorial, 'A world made better
by her life.' "

Among the many letters of sympathy received by
her family, one fully describes the loving intimacy
between mother and daughter in the poem :

A MESSAGE FEOM PARADISE.

"What mean you by this trying

To break my very heart?
We both are in Christ's keeping1,

And therefore cannot part.

"You there, I here, though severed,

We still in heart are one,
I, only just in sunshine,

The shadows scarcely gone.

"What if the clouds surround you?

You can the brighter see —
'Tis only just a little way

That leads from you to me.

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRIXG. 303

"I was so very weary,

Surely you could not mourn — ■
That I, a little sooner,

Should lay my burden down.

"Then weep not, weep not, darling,

God wipes away all tears,
'Tis only for a little while,

Though you may call it years."

On Second month, 6th, the twenty-second annual
convention of Montgomery county farmers met at the
Lyceum. Visitors were present from Howard, Fred-
erick and Prince George counties. Several profes-
sors attended from the Maryland Agricultural Col-
lege, and Director Robert H. Miller ands others from
the State Experiment Station. After the routine busi-
ness was disposed of, reports of committees were in
order. Robert H. Miller read a valuable paper on
"Potato Culture," describing many interesting experi-
ments made in planting and cultivating that important
tuber. Public road legislation was discussed, and the
various club reports read. Owing to the drought none
of the crops had been quite up to the usual standard,
and the potato crop almost a failure. Wheat had never
been as low before, and it was presumed by some that
when the great political party now in power had
promised it should sell for a dollar, they had meant
two bushels instead of one, for that amount. The
average yield of the different products were as
follows : wheat, twenty-two bushels per acre ; corn,
eight barrels per acre ; oats, thirty-five bushels pel
acre; potatoes, sixty-seven bushels per acre; hay, one
and one-quarter tons per acre.

304 ANNALS OF SANDY

The dairy interest had assumed such proportions
that we learn skim-milk no longer masquerades as
cream at the national capital, but is disposed of in
quantities en its own merit. A large number of cal
and hogs had been sold, many of the latter assumi
the guise of lard, sausage and scrapple. Hundreds of
chickens had gone the way of all fowls, and count
eggs had been safely transported, and let us h
were as satisfactorily ticketed as those several I
historian once sawr in the Boston market, which bore
respectively the legends: "Fresh eggs, twenty cents
per doz; good eggs, fifteen cents per doz.; eggs, five
cents per doz.''

Dr. Francis Thomas opened a discussion 01
question: "In view of the depressed condition
agriculture, can we find any more profitable way c!
farming?"

ard P. Thomas followed with an interesting
paper on this subject. Allan Farquhar, Philip
Stabler, William E. Mannakee, Tarlton B. Stal
and others took part. After an animated exch
of views the convention adjourned. B. D. Pal
had presided, and J. J. Shoemaker and Mortimei
Stabler acte ' :retaries.

Your historian has gathered a few items from the
minutes of the senior club of 1844, the only one then
existing in our neighborhood, as showing the di
ence in the productiveness of practically the same
land a half a century ago and now. It is an interest-
ing and encouraging comparison to note the large in-
crease in favor of 1894. The senior club of 1844,
whose members were George E. Brooke, Richard T.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 305

Bentley, Samuel Elicott, William H. Farquhar, Ben-
jamin Hallowell, Mahlon Kirk, Edward Lea, Robert
R. Moore, Jos. Pierce, Caleb Stabler, Henry Stabler
and William John Thomas, reported that they raised
per acre, ten bushels of wheat ; eighteen bushels of
oats ; nine bushels of buckwheat ; three-quarters of a
ton of hay ; sixty-eight bushels of potatoes.

The only article that seems to approach the pres-
ent is the potato, and the entire club planted but
twelve and one-half acres at that date.

It is a matter of regret that the prices obtained at
that time for farm products are not stated ; and it
would perhaps be well for the present clubs to note
the yearly value, so their great-grandchildren might
have the benefit of such statistics.

The following memorial of Edith D. Bentley was
prepared by one who, though not in any way related,
,had always called her by the endearing name of
mother:

"At the home of her brother, Edward M. Needles,
1 501 Green street, Philadelphia, on the morning of
Second month, 8th, 1894, Edith D. Bentley, widow
of the late Richard T. Bentley. entered into rest in
her seventy-seventh year. Her remains were brought
to her home, Bloomfield, Sandy Spring, and from
there interred on first day afternoon, the nth inst., in
the Friends' burial-ground. On this occasion an im-
mense concourse of sorrowing relatives and friends
were drawn hither by respect and affection never sur-
passed. While the grief of eight sons and daughters,
all having reached maturity, testified to a loss, which
to them must ever remain irreparable.

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

"The twenty-five grandchildren must feel that theirs
is the privilege to prove in the coming years that the
mantle of a good, true ancestress falls upon worthy
shoulders. A clear, wintry sun shone into this open
grave,, and after kind mother earth had hidden away
from sight the loved form, living boughs were spread
over the dreary mound, and among this green canopy,
pure, white lilies were placed by loving- granddaugh-
ters as harbingers of the resurrection, and her safe
entrance into that heaven where all is well.

The close of a noble life is so filled with food for
reflection to those whose stream of destiny com-
mingled with the lost one that to sit in shadow and
look through the dark valley for a time seems the
only occupation. The heart rebels at even the sug-
gestion of hope, and the bright beyond, so sweetly
offered by tender sympathy, and the kind word of
comfort all seem a forgetting, we turn away from them
with a shamed feeling of treachery. That 'thy sun
has gone down' is the sad refrain that 'thy course is
finished ;' 'the familiar ways shall know thee no
more' is the cheerless chant, the lengthening shad-
ows pour around us ; and far into the weary night
the desolate heart sees only the grave and the sting
of death.

"How in vain would have been life's daily round
through the circling years of joy and sorrow to her
should feelings such as these linger without balm in
the hearts of the children of Edith D. Bentley ! God's
finger touched their tear-stained eyes, and a flood of
blissful recollection flashed with healing power be-
fore them. The young mother, guarding the first

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 307

steps of eager, restless, childhood, youth blessed by
her smile of praise, and guided by her loving help.
Manhood and childhood watched over by the stately
grace of her maturity, and when she had climbed to
serene old age, with all the garnered triumphs of a
conscientious soul, pursuing the right path, she pass-
ed into the open doorway of a world full of infinite
possibilities and of vastly deeper meanings than mere
repose. Her life had been embellished by gracious
deeds of charity to all and of speaking no ill of any
creature made in the likeness of the universal father;
of stooping in loving pity to the lowly, and of rising
by the might of clear perception and rare intelligence
to the level of the highest, and she had so used the
sweet benefits of time as to clothe her age with angel-
like perfection.

"Coming to Bloomfield, the ancestral home of her
young husband, more than half a century ago, she
brought to that sylvan nook, nestling amongst the
trees, the active interests taught by the training of a
busy city. The beautiful passing of her youth, the
pure uprising of thought and power, as experience
daily opened to her the way of truth and admonished
her not to limit her horizon of usefulness to where
her shadow fell.

"This is portrayed in a most precious collection of
diaries kept by her from the first flush of maiden-
hood through the years of her married life, full of the
cares and anxieties, joys and sorrows inseparable from
her position as the mistress of a congenial home, and
the mother of a large family. One realizes after their
perusal how to her

308 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

" "The honor of a home became its hospitality,

The blessing- of a home became its piety.

The ornament of a home became its cleanliness.'

"Full of the important issues of the present day it
seemed her mission to help

■• 'Every right that needed assistance.
Every wrong that needed resistance.'

and all associations formed for higher advancement,
every frail tendril of endeavor put forth to lift 'better
up to best' found in her a devoted advocate and all
assemblies for their interchange of thought were made
wiser by her presence.

"Not abridging her womanliness she devotedly kept
guard in those towers of expectancy when an eager
sisterhood looks over the plains and sees the day-star
of a fuller and purer life opening for them.

"The business meetings of her own beloved sect af-
forded her scope for the right word fitly spoken, and
her clear judgment, frequently appealed to, always to
the edification of those in council. Her attendance at
these weekly gatherings was not dependent on the
state of the weather, for be it fair or darkening she
rarely missed the chance for faithful meditation, im-
bibing truths to correct and enlarge the heart should
words be spoken, or if the silent hour prevailed close
to the Father she pressed her human needs in silent
prayer. The charm which clung to her even until the
very last was the power to project herself into the in-
terests of all those who came near to her. Her dark
eyes would glow and scintillate joyfully when mirth-
ful conversation filled the passing hour; would melt

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 309

with sadness at a tale of woe, and beam with radiance
when any persuasive love-chord was touched, and
never can one forget the cordial greeting to the hos-
pitable home, and the 'farewell' lingering like a bene-
diction in the ears of the departing guest.

"Sprung from a people who had views and main-
tained them, her father, John Needles, of Baltimore,
lived to a green old age, his years filled with acts of
true heroism in upholding opinions adverse to his
surroundings. With a gentle insistance this noble
daughter lived his creed, and engrafted on her devoted
unselfish life that deep mysterious bond of trust and
helpfulness, unconsciously widening and deepening
and strengthening as time filled her arms with the
blessed bonds of love and unity until her whole char-
acter was rounded by the lovely traits of purity, hon-
esty, sobriety and command of temper.

"Thus were all the mile-stones of life passed and
gained an added grace at every step. The vital spark
stole painlessly away with but little warning, and the
glorified spirit crossed the bar into that heaven of
bliss her perfect faith had trustfully and confidently
felt must reward all who do the best they know, day
by day, and who live in close communion with the
'inner light.' " D. E. V.

I. Stanley Brown, of Washington, delivered at the
Lyceum an instructive illustrated lecture upon the
seal fisheries of Alaska, on the evening of Second
month, 14th.

Second month, 22nd, a beautiful fall of snow cov-
ered the earth and the farmers who had gathered

310 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

scarcely any ice at all were busily engaged scraping
up the snow and packing it away.

On Second month, 19th, Guion, only son of Guion
and Annie Tyler Miller, died, and on the 26th Mar-
garet, aged four, only daughter of these already be-
reaved parents, passed away to join the baby brother
to whom she had been singularly attached for so
young a child.

Friends and neighbors were truly sympathetic in
this great sorrow which had fallen so suddenly on a
happy home, one week full of childish prattle and en -
dearments and beautiful possibilities in the unfolding
lives, and the next with memories instead of hopes,
filling these empty rooms. As has been already said
in this case,

"No one who has not known wThat it is to have
these dear little human tendrils entwine themselves
about his heart can appreciate the agony of having
them torn away forever, and still no one but a loving
father or mother can feel that blessed peace that
comes after the agony, when it is remembered that
the loved ones are in the best of all homes and with
the best of all fathers.*'

Second month, 26th. There was a sale of farming
implements and household effects at Thomas J. Lea's,
preparatory to his moving to Baltimore county to take
charge of the farm of I. M. Parr. That same evening
at the Lyceum a little play, called ''The Spirit of '76,^
was most agreeably rendered.

Second month, 28th. Sarah H., daughter of Cath-
erine and the late Samuel Janney, was married by
Episcopal service at her home, "Riverton," to Ernest

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 311

Adams, of Howard county. The young couple have
taken up their residence near Clarksville.

Dr. W. French Green, who has been for nine years
pleasantly associated with Dr. William E. Magruder,
and with our neighborhood, moved to Brookeville,
and opened an office there. Although that village is
rather outside the limits of our historical "preserves"
this record is sometimes conveniently elastic, and pro-
poses still to chronicle any item of interest he may
furnish.

While the past year has been almost unprecedented
in financial disaster, in depreciation of values, and in
vast numbers of workmen out of employment, it is
worthy of note that this monetary stringency has not
overwhelmed our section as it has many others in our
fair land, as shown in the encouraging report sub-
mitted Third month, 8th, to the board of directors of
the Sandy Spring Savings Institution, by Joseph T.
Moore, treasurer. This useful institution was found to
be in excellent condition. On the other hand the fire
insurance company had never had such extensive and
wide-spread losses, far exceeding income. Every pos-
sible mode of catching fire and burning up seems to
prevail, from spontaneous combustion to lightning.

The senior and enterprise clubs both met Third
month, 17th, at the homes of new members, the
former at Charley Forest, now owned by Francis
Downey, and the latter with William Canby, of
Colesville.

March gave us a genuine surprise in three weeks
of clear, balmy weather. The mercury ranged as high
as eighty degrees, the fields grew green as if a magic

312 ANNALS OF SAISDY SPKINa.

wand had swept over them ; peach and plum trees
lowered, the myriad arms of the willow waved ver-
dantly in the warm sunshine, and too hasty people
planted their gardens. This enchanting time was
quickly followed by icy days and nights, and when
the bitter cold had passed, blackened leaves, shriveled
fruit buds, and frozen rows of ambitious vegetables
were presented to view.

On the evening of Third month, 30th, a magnifi-
cent aurora spread over the northern heavens, flash-
ing and vibrating in an unusual manner (like celestial
search-lights) its colored curtains far into the night.

About this date a telephone connected Plainfield
and Amersley, and another Homewood and Brighton.

Dr. Charles E. Duck, of Baltimore, rented Thomas
J Lea's place, and Mrs. Sallie Ellicott and daughter,
Oakleigh, from John C. Bentley. Edward N. Bentley
having purchased Bloomfield, moved his family into
the old "homestead," which in all its century of exist-
ence had only been closed a few weeks.

April came in as blustering as March should have
been, and seemed to weep more copiously than usual
over this almost unprecedented interchange of months.

Fourth month, 9th, 10th and nth a fierce storm of
rain, sleet and snow of unusual length and severity
seemed to thrust us backward into the very depths of
winter, and it was remarked that several farmers
around Ednor finished planting their whole crop of
potatoes on the 7th, and four days later filled their
ice-houses with snow.

Our friend, Edward Farquhar, has continued his
bimonthly talks at "The Cedars," on interesting

ANNALS OF SANDY SPUING. 313

topics, made most instructive and delightful by his
perfect knowledge of his theme ; nor can we forbear
mention of his more spirtual discourses that have
sown good seed in the meeting, and have given to
many the desire for helpful self-examination and food
for thought, that the silent hour might lack for them.
Phrenaskeia, the one distinctly literary society of the
neighborhood, has met regularly with profit and
pleasure through the past months.

At different times through the year there has been
much excitement along our highways and byways on
the subject of mad dogs, and not without good rea-
son, as one rabid animal bit many of his fellows, and
numerous dogs were killed on this account, some
showing signs of the horrible rabies and others be-
fore it developed. A cow and a horse also died with
all the symptoms, and on the night of the 17th, Risen
Perry, a respectable colored man living near Coles-
ville, who had had an encounter with a mad dog some
six weeks ago, died of hydrophobia. The case was
watched with much interest by most of the medical
fraternity of this section, whose skill palliated the hor-
rors of this dread disease, but could not save the life
of the victim.

The Rev. J. S. Kieffer, of Hagerstown, always re-
ceives a warm welcome at the Lyceum, and his lec-
ture upon "Optimism and Pessimism," delivered on
Fourth month, 17th, was fully up to the high stand-
ard of his former efforts to instruct and amuse his
Montgomery audiences. He defined pessimism as an
unhappy faculty of always seeing the 'worst in the
present,' .especially as compared with a past, mythi-

3] 4 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

cal, golden age, and he characterized it as something
generally born of mental, moral or physical weakness
in its victims.

The whole course was replete with wit and wis-
dom, and perhaps the sum and substance of the prac-
tical Christianity taught by Mr. Kieffer was express-
ed in the following verse of YYhittier, quoted by the
speaker near the conclusion of his most beautiful and
scholarly address :

"I know not where His islands lift
Their frond eel palms in air.
I only know I cannot drift
Beyond His love and care."

A decade has passed since it became my misfor-
tune to offer these chronicles for your consideration,
and it seems fitting in conclusion to review these
circling years, each one crowded with events, be they
great or small, and each with its characteristic tone
and coloring. Even in the comparatively short per-
iod since 1883 there have been very many changes.
Forty-four marriages, sixty-two births and ninety
deaths have occurred in our midst; numerous persons
have moved away, and are scattered in distant states,
and we have had but few accessions through immi-
gration.

Xew homes have been established and old ones
broken up. The young, those in the prime of life, and
especially the old, have been borne reverently to their
last resting-place. Reflecting on the "good, the true,
the beautiful," who have left us, we feel that Sandy
Spring is not the same place it was ten years ago.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 315-

The experiences, the virtues, of those who have
passed on, are not ours by inheritance ; we must live
our lives, even as they lived theirs ; and our responsi-
bilities are all the greater from the moral and intel-
lectual excellence they possessed, and which we can
only hope to emulate.

Their standard was high, but they have paved the
way for ours to be still higher. "New occasions bring
new duties," for every day has its work for us to do ;
with ordinary people these duties are not great, daz-
zling deeds. One's life can be noble and full of
beauty without even stepping outside the home circle
and the prosaic rounds of every-day events.

Many of these whose passing away changed the
whole world to some of us were not known, perhaps,
outside the narrow bounds of our community. Their
existence was made up of little sacrifices, little acts of
charity, little burdens borne for a weary brother, and
little crosses patiently carried for love of all their
fellow creatures.

Can any of us keep their memory green in bettei-
or more perfect way than by striving to live up to the
very highest of their aspirations ?

316 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

CHAPTER XII.

From Fourth Month, 1894, to Fourth Month, 1895.

Telephone company organized — Invasion of Coxey's army
— Damage and suffering from snow-storm — Mrs.
George Kennan lectured on her Eussian experiences
— Doctors' Club formed — Obituaries of Joseph YVeth-
erald. Elizabeth Gilpin, Stephen L. F. Holland, William
M. Thompson and Gideon Gilpin.

The annual meeting of the Lyceum Company was
held on the evening of Fourth month, 19th, 1894. In
place of the slow method of an election, by unanimous
consent, the same officers were continued for the
ensuing year. Owing to indisposition the historian
was unable to appear, and the history was read very
satisfactorily by Elizabeth T. Stabler to an apprecia-
tive audience. The subject of a telephone line through
the neighborhood was broached at this meeting, and
a committee of the following gentlemen appointed to
take the matter into consideration: Robert H. Mil-
ler, Asa M. Stabler, Alban G. Thomas, Edward R.
Stabler, Dr. Roger Brooke, Charles E. Bond and
Henry H. Miller. This committee held its first meet-
ing. Fourth month, 27th, and the company was or-
ganized by the stockholders on Fifth month, 17th,
with the following board of directors, viz. Robert H.
Miller, Asa M. Stabler, Alban G. Thomas. Edward R.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 317

Stabler, Dr. Roger Brooke, H. H. Miller and Dr. W.
French Green.

The directors organized with the following officers :
Asa M. Stabler, president; A. G. Thomas, treasurer;
H. H. Miller, secretary ; Dr. Brooke and Robert H .
Miller, executive committee. On resignation of the
latter Charles F. Brooke was elected to the vacancy.

About this time Amos Holland sold his neat, well-
cultivated farm to Mr. Cole, of Mansfield, Ohio. This,
however, did not necessitate the removal of Mr. and
Mrs. Holland, as they continued to board with the
present owner, while relieved from the cares of farm-
ing and housekeeping.

A movement of unemployed workmen, cranks and
tramps, from various western and northern states, had
been steadily setting towards Washington for some
weeks, inaugurated and controlled by a man named
Coxey, from Ohio, who contended he would lead a
half million men to Washington and compel Congress
to give them work. Several bands convened at Rock-
ville on Fourth month, 28th, and a party of over fifty
that had walked from Philadelphia and Baltimore
camped at Ashton on the afternoon and night of the
26th. Widely heralded by the ubiquitous newspaper
the continual mention and exaggerated accounts of
these advancing armies caused great apprehension
along their routes of travel ; fears, happily, destined
not to be realized, as it was with a comparatively small
force of a few hundred men that Coxey finally enter-
ed the national capital, where a disregard of law and
order soon relegated this self-constituted general and
his lieutenants to the city jail for a season of seclusion

318 AXXALS OF SANDY SPKIXG.

and reflection. Their deluded followers, less fortu-
nate in accommodations, after much suffering and
hunger, finally dispersed in small parties, and we had
the pleasure of feeding many of them on their home-
ward way, sadder, if not wiser, than when they started
out.

From Fourth month, 28th, to Fifth month, 2nd,
the mercury rose each day to eighty-five degrees.
Orchards burst into full bloom, and in this too ardent
heat all nature responded with unfolding bud and leaf.
Please prepare your minds for many notes in this
history regarding the state of the thermometer, and
for a full assortment of weather throughout the year.
While far from a perfect record I took many observa-
tions of the temperature, as well as of days both clear-
and cloudy. Ruskin says there is no such thing as
bad weather, only different kinds of good weather;
and Sir John Lubbock, in his admirable book on "The
Use of Life," says : "We often hear of bad weather,
but in reality no weather is bad. It is all delightful,
though in different ways ; some weather may be un-
seasonable for farmers and for crops, but for men all
kinds are good. Sunshine is delicious, rain is refresh-
ing, wind braces us up, snow is exhilarating."

I have always been thankful for the wise training
in youth that forbade any complaint of the weather in
the theory that all kinds were proper, and what could
not be cured must be endured cheerfully.

Fifth month, 12th. Thirty-three Sherwood students
spent a delightful day in Washington, through the
kindness of Mr. Harry Spofford. He led these eager

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 319

toys and girls from one scene of interest to another,
and then presented them to President Cleveland.

Ten members of the Montgomery club, on invita-
tion of director Robert H. Miller, visited the Mary-
land Agricultural Experiment Station, and inspected
the various departments. They expressed themselves
as much pleased with the intelligent and practical
management of the station, and agreed as to the value
of such institutions for farmers.

Fifth month, 15th. Robert R. and Hadassah J.
Moore passed the sixtieth anniversary of their mar-
riage. There was no formal celebration of this un-
usual event, but many friends called to see the vener-
able couple, and to inscribe their names on the back
of the original certificate, which contained but two
signatures of living persons besides the contracting
parties, out of over a hundred witnesses who had been
present at the wedding, Fifth month, 15th, 1834.

Despite the intense heat of the first few days the
Fifth month was generally rainy and cold, and on the
28th there was frost, followed by chilly days and
nights. The closing exercises of Sherwood Academy
on Sixth month, 8th, were made more interesting by
an assembly of parents and guardians, who were
much gratified with the proceedings. The essays,
recitations and songs were creditable, and Caroline H.
Miller made a pleasant little address. On the after-
noon of the same day all the former pupils of Sher-
wood, were invited to a basket picnic by the princi-
pals, Belle W. Hannum and Elizabeth P. M. Thorn.

This reunion was greatly enjoyed, and these gath-
erings may become a permanent feature.

320 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Quarterly meeting, which was held on the Xinth
month, ioth and nth, was attended by John J. Cor-
nell, William Way, Martha Townsend and other
ministers.

Sixth month, 15th. Gen. Gordon delivered his lec-
ture, 'The Last Days of the Confederacy," to a large
audience at the Lyceum. This was a most interesting
and impartial recital of war times from one who,
though fighting in the gray, could yet appreciate and
honor his foe who wore the blue.

Sixth month, 23rd, the mercury rose to ninety-
eight degrees in the shade, and farmers were cutting
their fine wheat in the fierce glare of unclouded skies.

Sixth month, 23rd, Margaret, daughter of Charles
F. and Corrie Miller Brooke, was born.

Xot a drop of rain fell in the Sixth month, which
was one of excessive heat. There were but few days
when the thermometer did not register ninety degrees
and above. Gardens were parched, nothing matured,
the entire product of the first planting of corn was
brought to the table in one dish. City visitors threat-
ened to return to their markets for fresh country vege-
tables, and the despairing housekeeper very nearly
reduced to Charles Lamb's meal — a piece of cheese,
and a pot of mustard — felt like accompanying them.

Seventh month, 2nd, there was a welcome shower,
the first for nearly forty days.

Seventh month, 4th. Admiral Jouett and Mrs.
Harry Page, of ''The Anchorage," celebrated the na-
tional holiday by a fine display of fireworks and the
raising of an American flag on a tall pole. Would it
not be well for more of us to throw this beautiful em-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 321

blem of our country to the breeze ? It is seldom seen
in country places, and a universal observance of flag
day, Sixth month, 14th, would be an excellent thing.

Seventh month, 16th. A fine shower saved our
gardens from utter collapse, but the heat continued
well up into the nineties.

Seventh month, 18th, Robert Parker, son of Sam-
uel and Florence Wetherald, was born.

Seventh month, 28th, mercury eighty-eight degrees
at seven a. m., and eighty-nine degrees at eight p.
m., and on the 29th it reached one hundred decrees in
the shade, with a general humidity most trying to
bear. On that afternoon a storm arose, and in one
hour there was a welcome change of twenty-four de-
grees.

Seventy-five volumes were donated to form the nu-
cleus for a free library at the Ashton Methodist
Church, and Mrs. Harris took charge of it.

Most of the physicians within seven miles of Sandy
Spring formed what they term a "doctors' club,"
which will meet quarterly to tea at the homes of the
members, Doctors William E. Magruder, W. French
Green, Roger Brooke, C. E. Iddings, Augustus Stab-
ler and Dr. Cecil, of Howard county.

The central office of the telephone company was
located at Roadside, the home of Mrs. Sophia Robin-
son, and the first message was sent July 26th, from
Dr. Brooke's to the central office. Branch offices will
be established at Brookeville, Olney, Spencerville,
Oak Dale, Brighton, Sandy Spring, Ashton and Ed-
nor, and many of our people were now talking over

322 ANNALS OF SANDY SPFJXG.

the magic wire on business or making friendly calls
by electricity.

About two hundred guests were delightfully enter-
tained at Rockland, on the evening of the 28th, by a
series of tableaux from Gibson's sketches in "Life,"
and by vocal and instrumental music. Baseball games
in which the neighborhood nine experienced the ra-
ther unusual sensation of defeat, were played at Sandy
Spring and at Highland. Swimming parties to the
Patuxent were now in order, sometimes thirty or forty
going together to take a refreshing dip in the cooling
waters. Children's afternoon teas also prevailed, and
boarders and visitors increased day by day.

Eighth month, 12th, Richard Hallet, son of Tarle-
ton B. and Rebecca T. Stabler, was born.

Eighth month, 15th, at Fairfield, near Brighton,
the residence of the bride's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Ed-
ward Pierce, their daughter, Fanny, was married by
Episcopal ceremony to William A. Iddings, of Sandy
Spring. The young couple went to Loudon county,
Virginia, to reside.

A delegation of our Friends attended the confer-
ence at Chappaqua, New York, where nearly two
thousand persons had assembled to discuss the phil-
anthropic issues of the day, and to confer upon topics
for the good of the society of Friends.

The family of E. L. Palmer, of Baltimore, returned
to their pleasant home, Meadow Brooke, for a few
months' stay.

A dance was given at Olney grange hall on the
evening of the 17th by the gentlemen of the neighbor-
hood to their home friends as well as to the numer-

AXXALS OF SANDY SPEING. 323

ous summer girls now in our midst. It sems as if in
justice to our own maidens the "summer young man"
might be a more frequent apparition.

There was a very large gathering at "The Cedars"
on the afternoon of the 22nd to witness a baseball
game between Highland and our own team, resulting
in the defeat of the former. These outdoor sports, even
if they do not always lead on to victory for us, are
conducive to much pleasant intercourse between
friends and neighbors far and near.

The completion of a convenient barn on Dr.
Charles Farquhar's farm, was celebrated in local fash-
ion by a dance on the new floor.

Eighth month, 16th. The juvenile templars of Ol-
ney enjoyed a supper on the lawn at Falling Green,
the home of their superintendent, Edith Brooke. This
flourishing young temperance organization has the
name of every pupil of Olney public school upon its
roll.

Despite the heat and all-pervading dust great
crowds attended Rockville fair on the 5th, 6th and 7th
of Ninth month. Many premiums were awarded to
our exhibitors in nearly every department.

Ninth month, 8th, Elizabeth Poe, daughter of Clar-
ence and Rose Stabler Gilpin, was born.

After a long and painful illness, on Tenth month,
4th, Joseph Wetherald died in his seventy-fifth year,
leaving an aged sister to mourn his loss. He was a
son of the celebrated Quaker preacher, Thomas
Wetherald, and had lived nearly all his life in the
house where he passed away. His remains were in-
terred at the meeting-house ground, on the 6th inst.

324 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Davis moved to Mirival,
the pleasant home they had rented for six months
from Dr. F. W. Elbrey, the latter going to Washing-
ton for that length of time.

Tenth month, 9th. Jessie Brooke, daughter of
James P. and Alice B. Stabler, and Frederick McRey-
nolds, of Washington, were married by Episcopal
ceremony.

Only the immediate relations were present at this
morning wedding, and, following an English cus-
tom, the bride and groom went to a friend's cottage
at Ocean City, placed at their disposal, before estab-
lishing themselves in their Washington home.

Tenth month, 14th, our esteemed neighbor, Stephen
L. F. Holland, died in his seventy-second year. He
was unmarried, and in his long illness was devotedly
nursed by his single brother and sister in the pleas-
ant, comfortable home he shared with them. His
upright and honorable life had been spent in close
attention to his various occupations, and he had been
a helpful friend to those around him.

His funeral, on the afternoon of the 16th, was large,
and he was interred in the meeting-house ground.

Tenth month, 15th, Elizabeth, daughter of Edward
L. and Josephine Gilpin, was born, and only lived
until the 18th, a little child of William Oldfield's dying
on the same date in the village.

A competitive examination of hackney colts was
held at Brooke Grove, on Tenth month, 18th. The
attendance was large, and after a thorough inspection
of the twenty young animals on exhibition, prizes
were awarded to their owners as follows : First

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 325

prize, $30.00, to John Thomas, of Clifton; second,
$20.00, to Robert Mackall, of Olney; third, $10.00, to
Dr. Augustus Stabler, of Brighton. John Thomas
sold his colt, aged six months, for $100.00 to Mr.
Clark, of New York, under whose auspices the show
was held.

Edward N. Bentley secured a position with Hough-
ton & Co., of Washington, for the Christmas trade.
Dr. Charles Farquhar, after a sale of farming effects,
removed with his wife to Washington.

Owing to illness in the neighborhood fewer
Friends than usual attended Baltimore Yearly Meet-
ing, which occurred the last of the Tenth month.

"The melancholy days are come,

The saddest of the 3-ear,
Of wailing- winds and naked woods,

And meadows brown and sere,
Heaped in the hollows of the grove,

The autumn leaves lie dead,
They rustle to the eddying gust,

^nd to the rabbit's tread;
And then I think of one who in her

Youthful beauty died,
The fair, meek blossom that grew up

And faded by my side.
In the cold, moist earth we laid her

When the forest cast the leaf,
And we wept that one so lovely

Should have a life so brief;
Yet, not unmeet it was that one

Like that young friends of ours,
So gentle and so beautiful

Should perish with the flowers."

326 -ANNALS OF SANDY SPEIXG.

These familiar lines instinctively arose in the mind
on the afternoon of Eleventh month, 7th, when all
that was mortal of Pattie T., youngest daughter of
Benj. H. and Sarah T. Miller, was borne into the
meeting-house in the midst of a very large and sor-
rowful assembly of relatives and friends, many of
whom offered the tender tribute of consoling words
to the bereaved family for the crushing loss they had
sustained.

Youth is so full of joy in the present, of hope for
the future, it was almost impossible to believe that
disease could come with stealthy tread and bear away
this fair maiden on the very threshold of the fulfilment
of life's crowning happiness.

Who does not recall as I speak that unclouded
brow and lovely face, which was but the mirror of a
chaste and beautiful spirit within. In the month she
was to have been married ; ere the day arrived she was
stricken down and gradually faded away until Elev-
enth month, 5th, when death released her from her
long suffering. Nothing that affection and medical
skill could devise was left undone to arrest the fatal
malady. Change of treatment, of scene, of nurses,
all was in vain, and for many months the whole com-
munity seemed to stand in watchful anxiety and sym-
pathy around that sick-bed. The value of existence
cannot always be measured by years, but far better in
the helpful word and deed and fragrant memory one
leaves along life's pathway, be it ever so brief.

Pattie T. Miller, in the twenty-four years she had
moved among us, had impressed herself on young

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 327

and old with a personality and sweet influence as rare
as it was lasting.

She was president of the Ashton Band of Hope,
and attended a meeting of that society Sixth month,
3rd, almost the last time she was permitted to mingle
with the world.

She was the leading spirit in establishing "Phrenas-
keia," the senior class of Sherwood, meeting at Mt.
Airy in the autumn of 1888, at her solicitation, to or-
ganize this literary society, of which she was once
president and twice vice-president. Entering with
earnest simplicity and helpfulness into all the chari-
table and progressive interests of the neighborhood
and the business of the meeting, her daily life in its
purity and consistency, was an example to follow.

Those who were nearest and dearest to her on
earth, must go with her into the great unknown, com-
forted by the thought,

"There is no death! What seems so is transition,

This life of mortal breath

Is but a suburb of the life elysian,

Whose portal we call death.

"She is not dead, the child of our affection,
But gone into that school,

Where she no longer needs our poor protection,
And Christ himself doth rule.

"In that great boundless stillness and seclusion,
By guardian angels led,

Safe from temptation, safe from sin polution,
She lives, whom we call dead.

328 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

"Day after day we think what she is doing,
In those bright realms of air.
Year after year, her tender steps pursuing.
Behold her, grown more fair!

•"Thus do we walk with her and keep unbroken
The bond which nature gives,

Thinking that our remembrance, though unspoken,
May reach her where she lives."

* * ******

In this month Chester M. Colt and family removed
from Ashton to Washing-ton to live.

Through all the long hot summer, and into the au-
tumn, many springs and wells had failed, and but few
rains had refreshed the thirsty earth, but now the
much-needed downpour came, and the streams began
to fill again.

Eleventh month, 12th, Thomas and Beulah T. Lea
passed the fiftieth anniversary of their wedding-day.
A number of friends called on them to offer congratu-
lations, and letters and gifts from distant children and
grandchildren made this a memorable* occasion for
them.

Several killing frosts and fine clear weather were
especially enjoyed by native as well as visiting sports-
men, who returned from their long tramps laden with
many rabbits arid a goodly number of partridges.
Seme of these Ximrods professed to be hunting for
our democratic friends, who since the tidal wave of
recent elections had swept over the country, were not
only difficult to find, but ominously silent on political
topics.

In reviewing the yield of farm products, now all har-
vested, the farmer had a most gloomy outlook, and

AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING. 329

but little to encourage him. Potatoes and hay, owing"
to the drought, were far behind the average yield;
corn was better, but who could live on corn alone?
The fine crop of wheat had brought phenomenally
low prices, some of it not even fifty cents per bushel.
Our agriculturists seem more inclined each year to
go into the raising of poultry and small fruits as be-
ing more profitable than the standard crops, although
requiring more constant attention. The dairy busi-
ness is also constantly on the increase. Edward P.
Thomas has put in a United States separator, which
run by steam and whirling with lightning rapidity,
quickly separates the cream from the new milk, with-
out waiting for it to raise, which would indeed be a
waste of time and material in this age of headlong
haste.

They now handle about a ton of milk daily at Bel-
mont dairy. At the November meeting of the board
of directors of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company,
Robert R. Moore, in his eighty-third year, first and
only secretary and treasurer of that organization, re-
signed the office he had filled with untiring industry
and faithfulness for forty-seven years.

William A. Iddings and wife returned from Virginia,
and settled at Fairfield, where later on the former
procured a loom and engaged in carpet weaving, a
new occupation for Sandy Spring.

Twelfth month, 4th. The twenty-first anniversary
o* the establishment of Olney grange, No. 7, about one
hundred and fifty members and ex-members of Olney,
Brighton and Ashton met in the hall at Olney, and
enjoyed the evening together. Henry C. Hallowell,

330 ANNALS OF SANDf SPEING.

Allan Farquhar and others spoke feelingly of those
shining lights whose familiar faces were no longer
seen in their accustomed place. Sweet music charmed
the passing hour, and all felt that an occasional re-
union would tend to keep bright the links of that
chain of fraternity, brotherhood and helpfulness that
should bind all good grangers in friendly bonds.

At the annual meeting of the Sandy Spring Savings
Institution, Twelfth month, 6th, Charles G. Porter
was reelected president, and Joseph T. Moore and
Allan Farquhar were respectively reelected treasurer
and secretary. Alban G. Thomas was elected vice-
president to fill the vacancy occasioned by the retire-
ment of Robert R. Moore from that position.

Twelfth month, 22nd, Nicholas Snowden, son of
Helen S. and Dr. Augustus Stabler, was born. Clear,
cold, frosty days prevailed. The Christmas weather
was unusually fine, and students from the George
school, and various colleges, gathered about the fire-
side, and brought many guests to partake of home
cheer. We are never without the stranger within
our gates, and if there is ever any relaxation from
"company manners" in Sandy Spring it must be when
our inhabitants go abroad, or let us rather hope our
hospitality is of that kind which is bestowed without
effort, and received with no sense of undue obliga-
tion.

Twelfth month, 27th. "The band of hope/' Vir-
ginia M. Stabler, president, and the Ashton Sun-
day-school, gave a very charming cantata at the Ly-
ceum, which was well attended by an appreciative au-
dience.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 331

Twelfth month, 28th. "An Armenian gentleman'*
from Mt. Lebanon, belonging to the Society of
Friends, lectured at the Lyceum, and the next day at
the Orthodox meeting-house.

The first snow, which fell on the 27th, although it
seemed a mere skim, owing to the mercury hovering
around zero, gave us good sleighing for nearly two
weeks. During this time ice-houses were filled to
overflowing with the finest ice gathered for some
years, and everyone in general, but especially the
dairymen, rejoiced.

Every season seems to bring one or two days that
are accentuated in memory as the very essence of na-
ture's most perfect work. In May, when the orchards
are a mass of bloom, there comes a day full of exqui-
site tender shades of bird song, of perfume, of soft,
balmy air, and of fleecy clouds floating in a pale blue
sky. In the heart of summer, when the bud has ex-
panded into the glowing flower, when the grass is
thick and high, the shade dense and green, the breeze
blowing as if from the tropics, heavy with the excess
and fulness of life and verdure. Again, in October,
we awake to a morning, and breathe the invigorating
air with joy, when mother earth is aflame with color,
and sits in royal robes, adored by her loving subjects,
an almost imperceptible haze softens the brilliant
pageant, and we are intoxicated by the beauty and
consummation of the growth of the year ; and in Janu-
ary, through a long night, which you will all remem-
ber, the frost king was silently toiling, and when the
unclouded sun arose he was as a bridegroom
to greet his snowy bride, imagination could not pic-

332 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

ture a more characteristic winter scene; every object
was clothed in the softest downy hoar-frost. It seemed
to produce a singular feeling cf profound quiet, as if
the message to all the children of men was, "Be ye
pure and white of soul, even as I, all nature, am spot-
less."

First month, 5th, 1895, Lea Gilpin, son of Mr. and
Airs. Charles G. Willson, was born.

On the morning of First month, 7th, the board of
directors of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company of
Montgomery County convened ; the members meet-
ing, many times larger than ever before, was held at
the Lyceum, and lasted from noon until nine o'clock
p. m. The causes which led up to this meeting, the
manner of procedure, the circumstances which sur-
rounded it, the feeling engendered, and the results
arising therefrom were and are of such nature, the
historian would gladly ignore the whole subject could
she feel herself excused for so doing, and it is with
an earnest desire to be impartial, and with heartfelt
charity towards all differences, that she is constrained
by her position to make this brief mention of the
most prominent event of the entire year.

At a called meeting of the board of directors, First
month, 23rd, Joseph T. Moore absolutely declining
reelection, Edward P. Thomas was elected president,
Allan Farquhar, secretary and treasurer, to fill the
vacancy occasioned by the retirement of Robert R.
Moore. Benjamin D. Palmer was elected assistant
secretary, and resigned his directorship ; E. L. Tchaf-
faly, of Hunting Hill, this county, was made director,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPEING. 333

all the old board of directors, with this exception, re-
taining office.

Samuel Wetherald and family moved from Ashton
into the pleasant, commodious home just completed
by him at Sandy Spring, on the edges of the woodsr
where there is abundant shade without waiting for
trees to grow.

At the annual meeting of the Woman Suffrage
Association of Maryland, held in Baltimore, First
month, nth, Mary Bentley Thomas was reelected
president ; Rebecca T. Miller, vice-president ; James
P. Stabler, recording secretary, and Belle W. Han-
num, treasurer. Mary Bentley Thomas was appointed
delegate to the national convention to be held at At-
lanta, Georgia.

First month, 21st, Ulric, son of Mary J. and Ulric
Hutton was born.

"At midnight, First month, 25th, 1895, after long
suffering Richard Jackson Iddings died at his home,
Riverside, in the seventy-eighth year of his age, and
on the 28th inst., was laid to rest in Woodside ceme-
tery, in the spot he had himself chosen, close by the
grave of his parents. When a boy of sixteen he left
his home in Philadelphia to accept a situation otffered
him in New York, and he there established the repu-
tation that was his through life, that of serving those
for whom he worked with untiring faithfulness. He
held many positions of great trust in Philadelphia,
New York and Baltimore, always leaving the same
unblemished record of strict integrity.

His habits of industry and application to business
formed so early in life clung to him to the last. His

334 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

generosity and many deeds of kindness can be known
only to the few. He was always ready to deny him-
self that he might be able to hold out a helping hand
to those he felt in greater need. The latter part of
his life was spent at Riverside, and as long as his
health permitted he attended the meeting at Sandy
Spring, of which he had become a member. His oft-
quoted text of scripture, 'What doth the Lord re-
quire of thee but to do justly, and to love mercy, and
to walk humbly with thy God?' seemed exemplified
in his own walk and conversation." H. P. C.

I am indebted to a friend who was intimately ac-
quainted with Richard Iddings for the above tribute.

Tarleton B. Stabler purchased from R. Rowland
Moore the farm "Amersley," on which he had been
living for the past three years.

William M. Thompson, an industrious, worthy
young man, died First month, 22nd, at Ashton, after
a long illness, and was followed to the grave in a very
short time by his aged father Moses Thompson.
Both were buried in Woodside cemetery.

George L. Stabler opened a small store for general
merchandise at his home on the Brighton road.

Dr. Wolf, of Michigan, delivered a lecture on
"Phrenology," to a small audience at the Lyceum.

Air. Josiah W. Jones, of Olney, gave a dinner to
George E. Brooke, of Brooke Grove, and Thomas and
Edward Owens. The united ages of these venerable
gentlemen, with their host, was three hundred and
thirty-nine years.

Joseph T. Moore, one of the prominent founders
of the Savings Institution, who had held office from

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 335

its organization, for twenty-seven years, tendered his
resignation as director and treasurer.

At a special meeting of the directors, held Second
month, 5th, William W. Moore was elected vice-
president, and Alban G. Thomas, treasurer. Allan
Farquhar, owing to increased duties in the insurance
company, resigned as secretary, and George F. Nes-
bitt, jr., was elected to that position.

Through February extremely cold weather pre-
vailed, and for nine consecutive mornings the mercury
either touched zero, or rose a few degrees above that
point. On the 7th a violent snow-storm, with high-
piercing winds, continued for many hours, followed
by intense cold, when the thermometer registered from
eight degrees to fourteen degrees below zero. Roads
were blocked in all directions, and travel impeded to
an extent never before remembered by the oldest in-
habitant in this section.

From the 7th to the evening of the 9th no mail from
any quarter was received, and the first that arrived
was brought on horseback from Laurel, through
woods and fields, by a devious route. The efforts of
some of our people to get the products of their dair-
ies to Washington were almost heroic, and consumed
many hours, over a track so circuitous and altogether
intoxicated-looking it seemed hardly possible that an
innocent milk-wagon could have made it.

On the eleventh the turnpike company employed
large gangs of men to open the highways. So tightly
packed was the light, dry snow in these huge drifts
it was thrown up on either side the narrow road, like
blocks of marble, and the effect of riding through

336 ANNAIib OF SAX 1)1 SPRING.

these long white lanes that rose above one's head was
most peculiar and seemed more like the Arctic regions
than our own country.

This severe storm, extending over a large area, es-
pecially southward, and causing immense damage,
suffering and personal inconvenience, will long be
spoken of as the blizzard of 1895.

During the bitterly cold and inclement month of
February, three homes, Leawood, Pen-y-Bryn and
Mt Airy, caught fire, and were only saved from de-
struction by prompt and energetic measures.

The twenty-third annual farmers' convention was
held at the Lyceum on Second month, 19th, Edward
P. Thomas presiding, and J. Janney Shoemaker and
M. O. Stabler, secretaries. Farmers wrere present
from Howard, Harford and Prince George counties,
and took an active part in the discussions. In addi-
tion to the reports of committees and clubs, four sub-
jects were assigned for consideration, namely :

"Would an electric railroad from Kensington to
Ellicott City benefit the community and enhance the
value of farm lands enough to justify farmers to sub-
scribe to stock?"

2. "To what extent will the exclusion of American
beef and pork from many of the European markets,
affect the price of these articles in the near future?"

3. "Will it pay to produce crimson clover and
legumes into our regular rotation?"

Wrilliam E. Mannakee, chairman of the committee
on public road legislation, submitted a report on the
present method of repairing roads in Montgomery
county.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 337

C. E. Bond, of the same committee, read a paper
on public roads, which attracted attention, as well
for the clear and forcible manner in which he express-
ed himself as for the knowledge which he disclosed of
his subject.

The. question of the advantages of an electric road
through Montgomery county was referred to a com-
mittee. The consensus of opinion was that the pro-
posed road would be of inestimable value by opening
the markets of Baltimore and Washington to our
farmers.

Dr. Augustus Stabler spoke of the peculiarities of
crimson clover, and Robert H. Miller gave the re-
sult of experiments with the clover, showing plainly
the increased yield in other crops, where it had been
first grown on the land.

The stockholders of Sherwood Friends' school, at
their annual meeting, elected the following directors
to serve for one year: William W. Moore, John
Thomas, Asa M. Stabler, Alban G. Thomas, Charles
E. Bond, Sarah E. Stabler, Mary E. Moore and Mary
Bentley Thomas.

Belle W. Hannum, soi long and successfully con-
nected with the school as teacher, and then principal,
and with the neighborhood, socially, resigned her po-
sition to take effect in June, and at a subsequent meet-
ing of the board in the Third month, Mary S. Hallo^
well was appointed principal, Sarah B. Farquhar, as-
sistant teacher, and Nora Stabler, pupil teacher.

Second month, 25th, Gideon Gilpin, one of our old-
est inhabitants, and long in failing health, passed
away, after a brief illness, aged seventy-five years. A

338 ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING.

most excellent, kind-hearted man, with an innate po-
liteness of manner that was never wanting in his in-
tercourse with others, he had led a blameless life, and
his familiar figure about the village, or seated on his
porch greeting the passers-by, will be greatly missed.
He was a constant reader, and wrote an admirable
letter. He married Sarah Levering, of Baltimore
county, who, with three grown daughters and two
sons, survive him. He was buried from the meeting-
house on the afternoon of the 27th.

The mercury, which had seemed permanently fixed
near the bottom of the tube, on Second month, 28th,
climbed to sixty-five, and the snow melted rapidly
away. Third month, 1st, it registered seventy-two
degrees, but the next day, as if repenting of such
genial behavior, dropped to thirty-six degrees.

Dr. Charles Farquhar and wife returned to their
home, near Olney, after a sojourn in Washington,
which is fast becoming the winter residence of a num-
ber of our inhabitants. Dr. Francis Thomas and
family, Granville Farquhar and family, Arthur Stab-
ler and wife, Elizabeth Tyson and Malvinia Miles,
have all spent the winter in the beautiful capital city.
Prof. William Taylor Thorn has been teaching there,
and Benjamin H. Miller engaged in the life insurance
business.

Hannah P. and Elma Chandlee closed "Home-
wood" in the fall, and went to Alexandria to remain
until spring, and Warwick P. Miller and daughters
left "Alloway" and passed the time between Brooke
Grove and Germantown, Pennsylvania.

The International Council of Women now in ses-

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 339

sion in Washington, claimed the attention of some of
our progressive citizens, who? attended many of the
sittings.

A Boston paper says that if St. Paul were to return
to a mundane existence, and start on a round of
apostolic visitations in the United States, what would
he think of the geyser-like activity of women ?" Every
little hamlet, every manufacturing city, every country
town, is a ganglionic centre for all sorts of alliances,
clubs, associations, lecture courses and every imagin-
able means of culture, information and amusement.
We need not go so far back as to cite the most promi-
nent old bachelor of all times. Even one of our great-
grandfathers in short clothes and ruffled shirt front,
daintily stitched by the patient fingers of the Griselda
of that day, if he could return to us would doubtless
open wide his astonished and disapproving eyes on
the convention-attending, business-like, female suf-
fragist of these enlightened times.

A recent toast given at a banquet in one of the
states where women already vote, was, "Woman for-
mally our superior, now our equal." The press teems
with the woman question, and society is convulsed in
the great cities, from the slums to the palaces, over
its pros and cons. The fear seems to be not what
she wants to do and can do; as well, if not better, than
all her masculine relations, but whether in her resist-
less, onward rush, she will leave any avocation for
man whereby they can support themselves, while she
looks after herself and the family. A gentleman told
me not very long ago, almost with tears in his eyes,
that it was much easier now for a capable young

340 AXXALS OF SAXDY SPRIXG.

woman to procure a situation, almost anywhere, than
an equally capable young man, and he very nearly
proved to me that the wide-spread depression in busi-
ness, the terrible state of national finances, the abso-
lute incompetency of Congress, were all owing to the
fact that women in these degenerate days just hustled
the lords of creation aside, and grabbed everything,
from driving street cars and navigating ships, to hold-
ing important municipal offices. He saw but one ray
of light in this darkness : the number of marriages was
steadily decreasing, and just as soon as these hustling
creatures discovered that the men did not want to
marry them and could not be forced to, they would
speedily return to the good old "clinging vine" days.
But with more nopeful and impartial spirit a writer
in Chambers' Journal discourses on

"THE NEW WOMAN."

"She does not 'languish in her bower,'

Or squander all the golden day

In fashioning- a gaudy flower

Upon a worsted spray;

X'or is she quite content to wait,

Behind her rose-wreathed lattice pane,

Until beside her father's gate,

The gallant prince draws rein.

"The brave 'New Woman' scorns to sigh,
And count it such a grievous tning,
That year on year should hurry by,
And no gay suitor bring.
In labor's ranks she takes her place,
With skillful hand and cultured mind —
Xot always foremost in the race,
But never far behind.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 341

"And not less lightly fall her feet,
Because they tread the busy ways;
She is no whit less fair and sweet
Than maids of olden days,
Who gowned in samite or brocade,
Looked charming in their dainty guise,
But dwell like violets in the shade,
With sin', half -opened eyes.

"Of life she takes a clearer view,
And through the press serenely moves,
Unfettered, free, with judgment true,
Avoiding narrow grooves;
She reasons and she understands,
And sometimes 'tis her joy and crown
To lift, with strong, yet tender, hands,
The burdens men lay down."

However all this may be, our neighborhood having
only eighteen or twenty clubs, associations and soci-
eties, might well afford another to be devoted to the
comfort and amelioration of all downtrodden men
within her borders.

Third month, ist. Business was transacted in the
neat, suitable and substantial building recently com-
pleted at Sandy Spring by the savings institution. The
bank will be opened on Mondays and Thursdays, from
two to four o'clock p. m. Notwithstanding the finan-
cial distress extending over the farming community
the institution has gained in the past year, and at the
directors meetings, Third month, 4th, the usual divi-
dend of four per cent, was declared.

Third month, 3rd, Barbara, daughter of Henry and
Helen G. Miller, was born.

342 ANNALS OF SANDY SPEIXG.

Third month, 8th, John Needles, son of John C. and
Cornelia H. Bentley, was born.

On the evening of Third month, 8th, Worthington
Waters, who has been for some years a missionary,
gave an interesting illustrated lecture at the Lyceum,
on Japan, and the strange scenes he had witnessed in
that far-away land.

Although the pictures on the calendar were dis-
tinctly springlike, and that season had undoubtedly
arrived, if dates were correct, the weather continued
cold, but like a disagreeable guest who makes amends
in leaving by a pleasant speech on the door-step, old
winter gave us her fairest spectacle on the i6th, in a
crystal day ; diamonds of the first water decked every
twig and vine and grass blade, and the eye revelled in
a vision of glittering beauty. Alternate freezing and
•thawing, and the usual high winds prevailed, that
make this month so trying on health and temper.

On the night of the 27th there was a thunder-
storm, and the following morning almost a gale, con-
tinuing through the day, but all this must be accepted
as Dame Nature's spring cleaning, so

"March winds blow with all vouv might,
Set disordered things aright,
Rustle every dry leaf down,
Chase the cold all out of town;
Sweep the roads quite free from dust,
Blow it off with many a gust,
Make the earth all clean again,
And ready for the April rain."

Third month, 29th. Airs. George Kennan gave
a most entertaining reading at the Lyceum, relating
her varied experiences in Russia, with her husband,

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 343

on his return from Siberia. The beautiful peasant
dress she wore, which had been purchased in Mos-
cow, enhanced the interest of the occasion.

In this month James P. Stabler entered into part-
nership with Frederick McReynolds, in the insurance,
loan and real estate business, their office to be in
Washington.

The tinkle of the telephone bell was now heard in
all directions, and the messages flying from point to
point were as w/ied as they were constant. Ting, ling,
ling. "Hello, central ! Give me Smiling Valley ;" "How
do ?" "Can you hear me ?" "Yes ; can you hear me ?"
"Perfectly." "We have just had our 'phone put in ;
isn't this fine?" "Yes." "Good-bye."

Ting, ling, ling. "Central, give me Ashton store.
That thee, Edward ? Just put up ten pounds of granu-
lated and start a gallon of molasses running; I'll be
along directly."

Ting, ling, ling. "Hello, beautiful Mountain
Dairy ; this is the telegraph office ; dispatch just in
from Washington, 'Send twenty-seven gallons of
cream and thirty dozen eggs immediately." "All
right." Hens began to cackle as soon as they heard
the bell.

Ting, ling, ling. "That Sandy Spring store ?" "Just
send me that porous plaster I left on the counter; it
might do more good on my back."

Ting, ling, ling. "Hello, central, I want the manor."
"What, the whole of it?" "No, the edge will do."

"Hello, girls, what's the news?" "Heard of the
engagement?" "Yes, isn't it splendid?" "Perhaps
it is only an experiment." "No danger of that."

344 ANNALS OF SAXDY SPRING.

"Wonder who else is engaged. There are always
three cases ; never was known to fail ; it's contagious."
"Well, I heard two bachelors, not far from Brighton,
say they would furnish the historian items next
year or die in the attempt." "That's good. They had
better start out before the roads close up ; seems to
me 'lone maiden stock' will soon go up to par."
"Yes, and be knocked down to the highest bidder."

Ting, ling, ling, ling, ling. "Oh, doctor, do come
quickly ; the baby's swallowed a shoe-button." "Yes,
certainly; but who's talking, which baby?"

Ting, ling, ling, ling. "Who is that? Has the lime
come? Is this old Brooke? Give me Emily; I want
Emily. Is this Brighton?" — Do hush, Janney, for
one minute; I'm talking to Oak Dale — "Come to tea
this afternoon." "Can't you come here?"

Who's talking? Why it's the whole neighborhood
talking at once. Good time to build another tower of
Babel. What's the matter? The new switch-board
must be a double transmitter "ting, ling, ling."

Do you wonder that forty tons of wire, fifty miles
of line, thirty-nine private and eleven public 'phones
are now required to enable the neighborhood to talk,
in season and out cf season, with a prospect of many
new subscribers, and the telephone already connect-
ing at Rockville with the capital city?

Third month, 30th. The Bond Brothers started
their new engine and boiler for the first time. The
engine is a fine 12x36 Corliss, of about seventy-five
maximum horse power, at sixty turns per minute, and
has been pronounced first-class by an expert. The
starting of the new engine is the culmination of im-

AXXALS OF SAXDY SPKIXG. 345

provements which were begun in the Twelfth month,
1891, when they commenced building their new mill,
which has added so much to the convenience of
manufacturing as well as the improved appearance of
the mill.

On the afternoon of Fourth month, 2nd, there was
a thunder-storm, acompanied by heavy rain, which
continued to fall through the night, and freezing;
weather again on the 3rd seemed to discourage those
who were anxious to get gardens planted and winter
debris removed. We frequently hear the remark that
the climate has changed, and it certainly has, from
the seasons experienced in the beginning of the pres-
ent century. A friend from Sharon, who disclaims all
personal recollection of the year 1816, furnishes me
the following veracious report of that date :

"June was the coldest ever known in this latitude ;
frost, ice and snow were common ; almost every green
thing was killed. Fruit was nearly all destroyed;
snow fell to the depth of ten inches in Vermont, seven
inches in Maine, and three in Central New York, and
also in Massachusetts. Considerable damage was
done in New Orleans in consequence of the rapid rise
in the river. The suburbs were covered with water,
and roads were only passable in boats.

"July was accompanied by frost and ice. On the 5th
ice formed of the thickness of window glass through-
out New England, New York and parts of Pennsyl-
vania; Indian corn was nearly all destroyed.

"August was more cheerless if possible than the
summer months already passed. Ice formed half an
inch thick ; Indian corn was so frozen that the greater

346 AXXALS OF SANDY SPRING.

part was cut and dried for fodder. Almost every
green thing was destroyed, both in this country and
Europe. There was no summer in 1816, and seed-
corn kept over from 181 5 sold for four and five dol-
lars a bushel.

"September furnished about two weeks of the mild-
est weather of the season. Soon after the middle it
became very cold and frosty, and ice formed.

"October produced more than its share of cold
weather, frost and ice particularly.

"November was cold and blustering, and enough
snow fell to make good sleighing.

"December was quite mild and comfortable."

The above is a brief summary of the "cold summer
of 1816/' Frost and ice were common in every month
in the year, and very little vegetation matured in the
eastern and western states. The sun's rays seemed to
be destitute of heat, all nature seemed to be clad in a
sable hue, and men exhibited no little anxiety con-
cerning the future of this life. Let us hope our gen-
eration will -ot have a repetition of such an experience'
as this.

About this time Charles G. Willson and family
moved from Lucknow to Lutherville, Maryland, and
Dr. Francis Thomas and family returned to their sum-
mer home from Washington.

There seems always to be a pause in drawing near
the end of our historical year, as if the events great
and small, grave or gay, that go to make up the sum
of existence, had come to a full stop, and, yet, there
is really no hiatus and we are only passing another
mile-stone in our journey of life.

ANNALS OF SANDY SPRING. 347

To many of us Time's finger on the dial points to
high noon, and we realize as age advances how
quickly these mile-stones succeed each other, and
that our half spent day leaves less than half remain-
ing. The last item is recorded ; the chronicle is
spread before you, but the thread is not dropped.
The history goes steadily on, its roots in the past, its
wide branches stretching to that future for which
we are all responsible.

This very custom of gathering together and pre-
serving these neighborhood happenings makes us the
more responsible, and life in Sandy Spring should
grow richer with each passing year, and have larger
treasure in itself and larger treasure in other lives, re-
membering always,

"Who blesses others in his daily deeds,
Will find the healing- which his spirit needs,
And every flower on other's pathway strewn
Confers a pleasing fragrance on his own."

VI-